Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
description
Transcript of Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 1 of 25
Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
In many coastal countries that have warm, relatively dry climates, salt is produced by the evaporation of seawater. You will learn how cations and anions combine to form stable compounds such as sodium chloride.
7.2
Slide 2 of 25
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
> Formation of Ionic Compounds
Formation of Ionic CompoundsWhat is the electrical charge of an ionic compound?
Compounds composed of cations and anions are called ionic compounds.
Although they are composed of ions, ionic compounds are electrically neutral.
Aluminum metal and the nonmetal bromine react to form an ionic solid, aluminum bromide.
7.2
Slide 3 of 25
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
> Formation of Ionic Compounds
Ionic Bonds
The electrostatic forces that hold ions together in ionic compounds are called ionic bonds.
7.2
Slide 4 of 25
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
> Formation of Ionic Compounds
Formula Units
• A chemical formula shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in the smallest representative unit of a substance.
• A formula unit is the lowest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound.
7.2
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 5 of 25
Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
> Formation of Ionic Compounds
NaCl is the chemical formula for sodium chloride.
7.2
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 6 of 25
Conceptual Problem 7.2
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 7 of 25
Conceptual Problem 7.2
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 8 of 25
Conceptual Problem 7.2
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 9 of 25
Conceptual Problem 7.2
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 10 of 25
Practice Problems for Conceptual Problem 7.2
Problem Solving 7.12 Solve Problem 12 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.
Slide 11 of 25
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
> Properties of Ionic Compounds
The orderly arrangement of component ions produces the beauty of crystalline solids.
7.2
Slide 12 of 25
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
> Properties of Ionic Compounds
The coordination number of an ion is the number of ions of opposite charge that surround the ion in a crystal.
In NaCl, each ion has a coordination number of 6.
7.2
Slide 13 of 25
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
> Properties of Ionic Compounds
In CsCl, each ion has a coordination number of 8.
In TiO2, each Ti4+ ion has a coordination number of 6, while each O2- ion has a coordination number of 3.
7.2
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 14 of 25
1. Which chemical formula is incorrect?
a. KF2
b. CaS
c. MgO
d. NaBr
7.2 Section Quiz.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 15 of 25
2. Ionic compounds can conduct an electric current
a. only when melted.
b. when melted or dissolved in water.
c. only when dissolved in water.
d. when solid or melted.
7.2 Section Quiz.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 16 of 25
3. At room temperature, most ionic compounds are
a. crystalline solids.
b. liquids.
c. gases.
d. soft, low melting-point solids.
7.2 Section Quiz.