Ionic Bonding Chapter 15 Sections 1 and 2. Sodium is always willing to help. Alkali Metal.
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Transcript of Ionic Bonding Chapter 15 Sections 1 and 2. Sodium is always willing to help. Alkali Metal.
Valence ElectronsValence Electrons
Electrons in the highest occupied energy Electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an atomlevel of an atom
Explain why atoms combine in the ratios Explain why atoms combine in the ratios that they do.that they do.
Determine the chemical propertiesDetermine the chemical properties
The number of The number of valence electrons valence electrons is related to the is related to the group numbergroup number
This is so
easy!
Electron Dot structuresElectron Dot structures– Shows the valence electrons as dots around the Shows the valence electrons as dots around the
symbolsymbol
Octet RuleOctet Rule
The electron configurations of the Noble The electron configurations of the Noble Gases usually involves 8 electronsGases usually involves 8 electrons
– Atoms bond and form ions in an attempt to Atoms bond and form ions in an attempt to achieve a full octetachieve a full octet
– Ionic charge is associated with the valence Ionic charge is associated with the valence electronselectrons
The only absolute in chemistry is that there is The only absolute in chemistry is that there is always an exception!always an exception!
Except He, compounds involving an odd # of Except He, compounds involving an odd # of electrons, Boron, Phosphorous, Beryllium and electrons, Boron, Phosphorous, Beryllium and SulfurSulfur
The transition elements will not achieve a Noble The transition elements will not achieve a Noble Gas configuration because of the “d” orbitalsGas configuration because of the “d” orbitals
Space Ghost Says:
Ionic BondsIonic Bonds The force of attraction between cations and The force of attraction between cations and
anions.anions.– Electrostatic attractionElectrostatic attraction
Positive charge must = Negative chargePositive charge must = Negative charge– Ionic formula shows the lowest whole number Ionic formula shows the lowest whole number
ratio of cations to anionsratio of cations to anions– Electrons are given by the cation to the anionElectrons are given by the cation to the anion
Unit CellUnit Cell– The smallest group of particles within a crystal The smallest group of particles within a crystal
that retains the shape of the crystalthat retains the shape of the crystal