IODP Proposal Cover Sheet 878 Add - J-DESCj-desc.org/jpn/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/878-Add.pdf ·...

Contact Information

IODP Proposal Cover Sheet -

Abstract

Title

Proponents

Department:

Contact Person:

Keywords Area

Tel.:

Organization:

E-mail:

Address:

Fax:

Zhen Sun

Guangzhou164 Xingangxi Road

Continental Breakup, Serpentinization, COT, Rifting

Z. Sun, H. Larsen, C. Li, J. Lin, P. Wang, W. Ding, N. Hayman, S. Hsu, C. Huang, X. Huang, C. Lei,C. Lesher, J. Li, Q. Li, C. Liu, K. McIntosh , Y. Niu, X. Pang, M. Perez-Gussinye, Y. Qiu, J. Ren, H.Shi, J. Stock, X. Su, X. Tan, H. Van Avendonk, S. Wu, S. Xia, Y. Yan, B. Yao, Y. Yao, Y. Yeh, X.Zhang, M. Zhao, G. Zhong, D. Zhou,

This CPP addresses the mechanisms of lithosphere extension during continental breakup. State-of-the-art, deep reflectionseismic data show that the northern South China Sea (SCS) margin offers excellent drilling opportunities that can address theprocess of plate rupture at a non-volcanic rifted margin. The SCS margin shows similarities to the hyper-extendedIberia-Newfoundland margins, possibly including exhumed and serpentinized mantle within the Continent-Ocean-Transition(COT). However, recent modeling studies suggest that mechanisms of plate weakening other than serpentinization of thesub-continental lithospheric mantle exists. Two competing models for plate rupture (in the absence of excessively hotasthenospheric mantle) have widely different predictions for: (1) Crustal structure across the COT; (2) the time lag betweenbreakup and formation of igneous ocean crust; (3) the rates of extension; and (4) subsidence and thermal history. The drillingproposed will be able to firmly discriminate between these models. We propose four drill holes across a 150–200 km wide zoneof highly extended seaward-thinning crust with a well-imaged COT zone. Three 1423-1652 m deep holes will determine thenature of critical crustal entities within the COT, and constrain post-breakup crustal subsidence. These three holes will alsohelp constrain how soon after breakup did igneous crust start to form. A fourth 1102 m deep hole on the continental marginlandward of the COT will constrain the timing of rifting, rate of extension, and crustal subsidence. If serpentinized mantle isfound within the COT, this will lend support to the notion that the Iberia-type margin is not unique, and hence, that weakeningof the lithosphere by introducing water into the mantle may be a common process during continental breakup. If serpentinite isnot found, and alternatively, scientific drilling results for the first time are gained in support of an alternative model, this wouldbe an equally important accomplishment. Constraints on SCS formation and stratigraphy, including industry drilling, ODP Leg184 and IODP Expedition 349 drilling, the young (Paleogene) rifting of the margin, and absence of excessively thick post-riftsediments, allow us to effectively address these key topics by JOIDES Resolution drilling within a well-constrained setting.Initial spreading rate of ~ 2 cm/yr half-rate reduces the potential complexity of magma starved, slow-spread crust forming afterbreakup. The proposed drilling requires ~120 days of operations.

South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

[email protected]

Testing Hypotheses for Lithosphere Thinning During Continental Breakup: Drilling at the South China SeaRifted Margin

South China Sea RiftingAdd878

510301

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Site NamePosition

(Lat, Lon)

Water Depth (m)

Penetration (m)

Sed Bsm TotalBrief Site-specific Objectives

Scientific Objectives

Proposed Sites

-

Non-standard measurements technology needed to achieve the proposed scientific objectives.

1. Determine the nature of the basement within critical crustal units across the Continent-Ocean-Transition (COT) of the SouthChina Sea rifted margin in order to discriminate between different competing models of breakup at non-volcanic riftedmargins. Specifically, to determine if the sub-continental lithospheric mantle was exhumed during plate rupture.

2. To examine the scale of time-lag between plate rupture and asthenospheric upwelling that allowed decompression meltingto generate igneous ocean crust.

3. To address the kinematics of breakup in terms of rate of extension and vertical crustal movements.

4. To improve the understanding of the Cenozoic regional tectonic and environmental development of the Southeast Asiamargin through new as well as existing ODP/IODP sediment records from the South China Sea basin.

Add878

SCSII-1B 18.442, 116.1916 3718 1388 250 1638 Nature of basement: Exhumedserpentinized mantle? Or upper/lowercontinental crust, or igneousbasement? Time and environment offinal breakup, and subsequentsubsidence.High priority for proposal objective1,2,3,4.

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Proponent list:First name Last name Affiliation Country Expertise Role

Zhen Sun South China Sea Institute of Oceanology China Also data lead Lead Proponent

Hans Christian Larsen Visiting scholar at Tongji University China Lead Proponent

Chun-Feng Li Tongji University China Lead Proponent

Jian Lin Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution United States of America Lead Proponent

Pinxian Wang Tongji University China Lead Proponent

Wei-Wei Ding The Second Institute of Oceanography of theState Oceanic Administration

China Other Proponent

Nick Hayman Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas atAustin

United States of America Other Proponent

Shu-Kun Hsu National Central University China Other Proponent

Chi-Yue Huang National Cheng Kung University China Other Proponent

Xiao-Long Huang Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, ChineseAcademy of Sciences

China Other Proponent

Chao Lei China University of Geosciences (Wuhan); China Data Lead

Charles E. Lesher University of California, Davis United States of America Other Proponent

Jiabiao Li Second Institute of Oceanology China Other Proponent

Qianyu Li Tongji University China Other Proponent

Char-Shine Liu National Taiwan University China Other Proponent

Kirk McIntosh Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas atAustin


Yaoling Niu Durham University United Kingdom Other Proponent

Xiong Pang China National Offshore Oil Company China Other Proponent

Marta Perez-Gussinye University of London United Kingdom Other Proponent

Yan Qiu Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Other Proponent

Jianye Ren China University of Geosciences (Wuhan); China Other Proponent

Hesheng Shi China National Offshore Oil Company China Other Proponent

Joann Stock California Institute of Technology United States of America Other Proponent

Xin Su Chinese University of Geosciences (Beijing); China Other Proponent

Xiaodong Tan� South China Sea Institute of Oceanology China Other Proponent

Harm Van Avendonk Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas atAustin


Shiguo Wu Institute of Oceanology China Other Proponent

Shaohong Xia South China Sea Institute of Oceanology China Other Proponent

Yi Yan Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry China Other Proponent

Bochu Yao Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Other Proponent

Yongjian Yao Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Other Proponent

Yi-Ching Yeh Taiwan Ocean Research Institute China Other Proponent

Xiangtao Zhang China National Offshore Oil Company China Other Proponent

Minghui Zhao South China Sea Institute of Oceanology China Other Proponent

Guangfa Zhong Tongji University China Other Proponent

Di Zhou South China Sea Institute of Oceanology China Data Lead

Addendum 1

Proposal 878: Testing Hypotheses for Lithosphere Thinning During Continental

Breakup: Drilling at the South China Sea Rifted Margin

The purpose of this addendum is to inform the IODP Science Evaluation Panel (SEP) and all other relevant IODP entities that we propose to slightly adjust the location of one of the 4 proposed main drill sites in Proposal 878. The location of all other proposed main and alternate drilling sites remains unchanged. The drilling objectives of the proposal also remain unchanged.

Following the SEP review comments (January 2015) we have carefully examined

all proposed drill site locations in preparations for the supplementary site survey planned for late March 2015. This survey will provide industry-quality MCS data across (cross-lines) all proposed sites within Proposal 878 prior to the JR Facility Board meeting of May 2015. Except for Site SCSII-1A, we found no reason to adjust site locations. However, in order to further optimize the chances of achieving the key drilling objective (nature of basement) of site SCSII-1A (18°27′17″N, 116°7′54″E), we propose to relocate it slightly (1537.5m) to a new site named SCSII-1B (18°26′32″N,116°8′21″E) (Figs. 1 and 2). The two sites are on the same seismic line “04ec1555”, on the same basement high, and with entirely similar objective as Site 1A. The original site SCSII-1A is at CDP number 1263, while the new site SCSII-1B is at CDP number 1140 (Figs. 1 and 2). The seismic reflection pattern around basement level at the relocated site (SCSII-1B) is somewhat simpler and cleaner compared to Site 1A. This will minimize the risk of interference with possible faulting or other potential complexities, and will therefore optimize the chances of seismic-core-logging integration. Water depth at Site 1B is 3m deeper, but drilling penetration below seafloor remains the same as for Site 1A (i.e., identical operations time). All the other sites of the original CPP878-Full are still active.

Figure 1. Seismic profile 04ec1555, showing the location of the original Site SCSII-1A

(black vertical line, at CDP 1263) and the proposed new location SCSII-1B (green

vertical line, CDP 1140). The somewhat clearer and simpler basement reflection

features of the new site SCSII-1B should minimize the risk of a complex transition into

basement, and improve the chances of seismic-core-log integration.

Figure 2. Map view for site locations. We propose to slightly adjust the location of the

original site SCSII-1A to a new location at SCSII-1B (green circle).

Site Name: Area or Location:If site is a reoccupation of an old DSDP/ODP Site, Please

include former Site#

IODP Site Summary Forms:

Form 1 – General Site Information

Section A: Proposal Information

Date Form Submitted:

Site Specific Objectives with

Priority(Must include general

objectives in proposal)

List Previous Drilling in Area:

Section B: General Site Information

Latitude:

Distance to Land:

Priority of Site: Water Depth (m):

Longitude:

Coordinate System:

Jurisdiction:Deg:

Deg:

Primary: Alt:

Title of Proposal:

-

(km)

381

SCSII-1B

18.442

WGS 84

ODP Leg 184: Asian Monsoon; IODP Exp. 349: South China Sea Tectonics.

Nature of basement: Exhumed serpentinized mantle? Or upper/lower continental crust, or igneousbasement? Time and environment of final breakup, and subsequent subsidence.High priority for proposal objective 1,2,3,4.

Add878

no

The north South China Sea basin

Testing Hypotheses for Lithosphere Thinning During Continental Breakup: Drilling at the South China SeaRifted Margin

yes

116.1916

3718

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Sediments Basement

ProposedPenetration (m):

Total Sediment Thickness (m)

Total Penetration (m):

General Lithologies:

Coring Plan: APC VPC XCB MDCB PCS RCB Re-entry

Wireline LoggingPlan:

Standard Measurements Special Tools

WL Magnetic Susceptibility

LWD Magnetic Field Formation Image(Acoustic)

Porosity Borehole Temperature Formation Fluid Sampling

Density Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Formation Temperature& Pressure

Gamma Ray Geochemical VSP

Resistivity Side-Wall CoreSampling

Sonic (∆t)

Formation Image (Res)

Check-shot (upon request)

Others:

Max. Borehole Temp.: °C

Mud Logging:(Riser Holes Only)

Cuttings Sampling Intervals

from m to m m intervals

from m to m m intervals

Basic Sampling Intervals:5m

Estimated Days: Drilling/Coring: Logging: Total On-site:

Observatory Plan: Longterm Borehole Observation Plan/Re-entry Plan

Potential Hazards/Weather:

Shallow Gas Complicated Seabed Condition

Hydrothermal Activity

Hydrocarbon Soft Seabed Landslide and Turbidity Current

Shallow Water Flow Currents Gas Hydrate

Abnormal Pressure Fracture Zone Diapir and Mud Volcano

Man-made Objects (e.g., sea-floor cables, dump sites)

Fault High Temperature

H2S High Dip Angle Ice Conditions

CO2 Sensitive marine habitat (e.g., reefs, vents)

Other:

Preferred weather window

Section C: Operational Information

APC

Coring Plan:(Specify or check)

✘

1388

✘

250

✘

Serpentinite/Basalt/upper or lower continentalcrust

1638

✘

✘

✘

3.8

✘

39.6

Not in Monsoonseason (June toOctober)

✘

1388

APC to refusal, RCB to target depth.

✘

✘

Mudstone, siltstone, sandstone

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High resolution seismic reflection

IODP Site Summary Forms: Form 2 - Site Survey Detail

Swath bathymetry

Side-looking sonar (surface)

Photography or Video

Heat Flow

Magnetics

Gravity

Other

Water current data

Sediment cores

Ice Conditions

OBS microseismicity

Navigation

Rock sampling

Side-looking sonar (bottom)

Deep Penetrationseismic reflection

Seismic Velocity

Seismic Grid

Refraction (surface)

Refraction (near bottom)

1

2

3

4

5a

5b

6

7

8a

8b

9

10

11a

11b

12

14b14b

15

14a

13

16

17

3.5 kHz

SSP Require-ments *

Existsin DB

* Key to SSP Requirements

X=required; X*=may be required for specific sites; Y=recommended; Y*=may be recommended for specific sites; R=required for re-entry sites; T=required for high temperature environments; † Accurate velocity information is required for holes deeper than 400m.

Location of Site on line (SP or Time only)




Crossing Line(s)

Crossing Line(s)

Primary Line(s)

Primary Line(s)


Proposal #: Site #: Date Form Submitted:

No such data in hand.


Available at ODP Leg 184 and IODP349 sites. Also Piston cores by R/V Vema and R/V Conrad (Damuth, 1980).

no

SCSII-1B

CDP 5532

no

04ec1555

no

CDP 1140

yes Stacking velocity data for 08ec2660 and the stacking velocity image profile for 04ec1555.Sonic velocity from ODP1148.

yesOBS1993 by SCSIO and Tokyo Univerisy (Yan et al., 2001);OBS2006-3 and otherneighbored profiles collected by SCSIO and the SIO(Zhao et al., 2011; Wei et al., 2011).

yes

yes

no

yes

Refraction(surface) Profiler-Sonobuoy measurements by Ludwig et al.( 1979).


Regional compilation by Shi et al. (2003) and Li et al. (2010). Heat flow data are also available from the nearby sites of ODP Leg 184(Wang et al., 2000) and U1432 of IODP349 (Li and Lin et al., 2014).

08ec2660

yes

CNOOC 2004 and 2008 long-cable multi-channel seismic lines.

1' free-air gravity grid (V. 21.1) from Sandwell and Smith (2013).

no

No ice in this region.

878

yes


The data is collected and provided by GMGS.

no

Provided by CNOOC. The original navigation data will upload in the format of linename.p190. The navigation data after stacking were listed in column 2 of relative seg-y files.

yes

no

no

No such data presently.

no

yes

Data grids from Geological Survey of Japan and Coordinating Committee for Coastal and Offshore Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia (CCOP).

no

Data Type In SSDB SSP Req. Details of available data and data that are still to be collected1a Highresolutionseismicreflection(primary)

Location:

1b Highresolutionseismicreflection(crossing)

Location:

2a Deeppenetrationseismicreflection(primary)

yes 04ec1555

Location: CDP 1140

2b Deeppenetrationseismicreflection(crossing)

yes 08ec2660

Location: CDP 5532

3 SeismicVelocity

yes Stacking velocity data for 08ec2660 and the stacking velocity image profile for04ec1555.Sonic velocity from ODP1148.

4 Seismic Grid yes CNOOC 2004 and 2008 long-cable multi-channel seismic lines.

5a Refraction(surface)

no Refraction(surface) Profiler-Sonobuoy measurements by Ludwig et al.( 1979).

5b Refraction(bottom)

yes OBS1993 by SCSIO and Tokyo Univerisy (Yan et al., 2001);OBS2006-3 and otherneighbored profiles collected by SCSIO and the SIO(Zhao et al., 2011; Wei et al., 2011).

6 3.5 kHz no No such data presently.

7 Swathbathymetry

yes The data is collected and provided by GMGS.

8a Side lookingsonar (surface)

no No such data in hand.

8b Side lookingsonar (bottom)


9 Photographyor video


10 Heat Flow yes Regional compilation by Shi et al. (2003) and Li et al. (2010). Heat flow data are alsoavailable from the nearby sites of ODP Leg 184(Wang et al., 2000) and U1432 ofIODP349 (Li and Lin et al., 2014).

11a Magnetics yes Data grids from Geological Survey of Japan and Coordinating Committee for Coastaland Offshore Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia (CCOP).

11b Gravity yes 1' free-air gravity grid (V. 21.1) from Sandwell and Smith (2013).

12 Sedimentcores

no Available at ODP Leg 184 and IODP349 sites. Also Piston cores by R/V Vema and R/VConrad (Damuth, 1980).

13 Rocksampling


14a Watercurrent data

no

14b IceConditions

no No ice in this region.

15 OBSmicroseismicity

no

16 Navigation yes Provided by CNOOC. The original navigation data will upload in the format oflinename.p190. The navigation data after stacking were listed in column 2 of relativeseg-y files.

17 Other

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IODP Site Summary Forms: Form 3 – Detailed Logging and Downhole Measurement Plan

Estimated total logging time for this site:

Are high temperatures or other special requirements (e.g., unstable formations), anticipated for logging at this site?

Scientific ObjectiveMeasurement TypeRelevance

(1=high,3=low)

Proposal #:

Water Depth (m):

Site #:

Sed. Penetration (m):

Date Form Submitted:

Basement Penetration (m):1388

878 SCSII-1B

3.8

3718 250

Check Shot Survey N/A 0

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance N/A 0

Geochemical N/A 0

Side-wall Core Sample N/A 0

Formation Fluid Sampling N/A 0

Borehole Temperature To constrain the heat flow. 1

Magnetic Susceptibility To know the magnetic properties of relative sediments and rocks 1

Magnetic Field N/A 0

VSP N/A 0

Formation Image (Acoustic) N/A 0

Formation Pressure &Temperature

N/A 0

Other (SET, SETP, ...) N/A 0

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IODP Site Summary Forms: Form 4 – Environmental Protection

1 Summary of Operations at site:

(Example: Triple-APC to refusal, XCB 10 m into basement, log as shown on form 3); include # of holes for APC/XCB, # of temperature deployments)

Based on previous DSDP/ODP/IODP drilling, list all hydrocarbon occurrences of greater than background levels. Give nature of show, age and depth of rock.

From available information, list all commercial drilling in this area that produced or yielded significant hydrocarbon shows. Give depths and ages of hydrocarbon - bearing deposits.

Are there any indications of gas hydrates at this location? Give details.

Are there reasons to expect hydrocarbon accumulations at this site? Please give details.

What “special” precautions need to be taken during drilling?

What abandonment procedures need to be followed:

Please list other natural or manmade hazards which may effect ship's operations:

(e.g. ice, currents, cables)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Summary: What do you consider the major risk in drilling at this site?

9

Proposal #: Site #: Date Form Submitted:

no

no

878

Per IODP standard operating procedure.

No.

APC to refusal, then RCB to target depth or refusal.

None

Sites of ODP Leg 184 and IODP Leg 349 to the north and east have no hydrocarbonoccurrences of greater than background levels.

Weather, not in Monsoon season (June to October)

SCSII-1B

Continuous monitoring under IODP safety standards.

Pollution & Safety Hazard Comment1. Summary of Operations at site. APC to refusal, then RCB to target depth or refusal.

2. All hydrocarbon occurrencesbased on previous DSDP/ODP/IODPdrilling.

Sites of ODP Leg 184 and IODP Leg 349 to the north and east have no hydrocarbonoccurrences of greater than background levels.

3. All commercial drilling in this areathat produced or yielded significanthydrocarbon shows.

No.

4. Indications of gas hydrates at thislocation.

no

5. Are there reasons to expecthydrocarbon accumulations at thissite?

no

6. What "special" precautions will betaken during drilling?

Continuous monitoring under IODP safety standards.

7. What abandonment proceduresneed to be followed?

Per IODP standard operating procedure.

8. Natural or manmade hazards whichmay effect ship's operations.

None

9. Summary: What do you considerthe major risks in drilling at this site?

Weather, not in Monsoon season (June to October)

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IODP Site Summary Forms: Form 5 – Lithologies

-Proposal #: Site #: Date Form Subm.:878 2015-03-19 06:24:18SCSII-1BAdd

Subbottomdepth (m)

Key reflectors,Unconformities,faults, etc

Age Assumedvelocity(km/sec)

Lithology Paleo-environment Avg. rateof sed.accum.(m/My)

Comments

0-1260 Top Early Miocene 0-23 1.9 Siltstone andsandstone

Deep marine 55 Ages and lithology areestimated from publisheddata, and fromcorrelations of seismicfacies.

1260-1388 Top breakupunconformity (BU)

23-32 3.0 Siltstone andsandstone

Shallow to deepmarine

14 Sedimentary rates areonly very rough estimates.

1388-1638 Basement >32Ma 6.0 Basalt orserpentinite

Serpentinizedmantle, orupper/lowercontinental crust, origneous

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(user 0.5588)

IODP Site Summary Forms: Form 5 – Lithologies

-Proposal #: Site #: Date Form Subm.:878 2015-03-19 06:24:18SCSII-1BAdd

Form 6 - Site Summary Figure

Site SummaryFigure Comment

Page 1 of 1 - Site Summary Figure generated: Tue Mar 24 18:11:16 2015 by if356_pdf / kk+w 2007 - 2012 (user 0.4309)

Site SCSII-1B

Fig.1 Locations of Site SCSII-1A and SCS II-1B (indicated by CDP number) and

two related seismic profiles on bathymetry.

Fig.2 The original (up) and interpreted (down) primary line (04ec1555) and cross line

(08ec2660) of site SCSII-1A and SCS II-1B.

IODP Proposal Cover Sheet 878 Add - J-DESCj-desc.org/jpn/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/878-Add.pdf ·...

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