INZ Conference 2014 Data management for Smart Irrigation
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Transcript of INZ Conference 2014 Data management for Smart Irrigation
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INZ CONFERENCE 2014DATA MANAGEMENT FOR SMART IRRIGATION
Jemma Mackenzie – Agri Optics NZ Ltd
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SMART Irrigation
• It’s about taking what we do currently and doing it SMARTER
• Putting the RIGHT INPUT in the RIGHT PLACE at the RIGHT TIME in the RIGHT AMOUNT and in the RIGHT MANNER
• Utilising technology to achieve more ‘precise’ irrigation practices
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What’s in the toolkit?• GPS – Trimble, John Deere, Topcon, Leica, Raven etc.
• EM Surveying – EM38 & DualEM
• Topographic Surveying – DEM, Slope, Aspect, Landscape Change etc
• Variable Rate Irrigation – Precision Irrigation, PGGW/IQ, Valley, Reinke etc
• Data Management – tying all the info together
• Yield Maps – all new combines equipped, often cheap upgrade!
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It’s all about building up the base data picture of what’s
happening on your farm
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Data Sources
Topography featuresEM Surveying
Soil Moisture Probes Weather Stations
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EM SURVEYING
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What is EM Surveying?• A very important layer!
• A map to quantify differences in ‘soil type’ across an area
• Used to create irrigation zones
• Can get accurate topography data at the same time
• No physical contact with the soil
• Measures up to 0-75cm and 0-150cm simultaneously
EM 0-60cm
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• EM38 generates a constant magnetic field that penetrates into the soil profile.
• Measures the bulk electrical conductivity of the soil profile.
• Responds to changes in relative amounts of:– Clay.– Salts (Electrolytes).– Rock.– Water.
• No physical contact with the soil.• Vertical mode to 1.5m, Horizontal mode to
0.75m.
EM38 – How it Works.
What is EM Surveying?
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What do you get from an EM Survey?
• A full report on differences in soil variability and topography features
• A better understanding of your soils and property
• Areas identified for closer monitoring and potential VRI zones
EM 0-60cm EM 0-135cm
Elevation Landscape Change
Slope Aspect
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• Neutron probes placed in different soil zones to enable fine tuning of management
• More than 100mm of WHC variation so need different management
EM Mapping for Irrigation Management
Full Point (mm)
Stress Point (mm)
Zone Area
Site 1 187 139.5 0.6
Site 2 233 178 3.0
Site 3 228 178 5.4
Site 4 232 178 7.2
Site 5 181 134 3.6
Site 6 106 70 0.6
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EM Mapping for Irrigation Management cont.
10/17
/2012
10/24
/2012
10/31
/2012
11/7/
2012
11/14
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11/21
/2012
11/28
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12/5/
2012
12/12
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12/19
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12/26
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1/2/20
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1/9/20
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1/16/2
013
1/23/2
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Soil Moisture - 0-300mm Profile - 17/10/12 onwards
Site 1Site 2Site 3Site 4Site 5Site 6
Neutron Probe Reading Date
Ava
ilabl
e W
ater
in to
p 0-
300m
m
prof
ile (m
m)
Sites 1, 4 and 5 had highest yields in 2012 Anticipated that sites 2 and 3 would have highest yield due to heaviest soils Over-watering occurred causing a yield penalty in zones 2 & 3 Loss of yield 3.71t/ha or $593/ha when averaged across the whole field
VARIABLE RATE IRRIGATION HAS BEEN APPLIED IN 2012 TO ELIMINATE THIS PROBLEM!!
2012/13 & 2013/14 yields were considerably less variable & overwatering eliminated
EM Mapping for Irrigation Management cont.
Full Point (mm)
Stress Point (mm)
2012 Wheat Yield (t/ha)
EM 0.75m (ms/m)
EM 1.5m (ms/m) Zone Area
Site 1 187 139.5 17.56 4.84 10.95 0.6
Site 2 233 178 12.31 9.28 16.30 3.0
Site 3 228 178 13.26 8.18 15.02 5.4
Site 4 232 178 15.58 7.85 14.71 7.2
Site 5 181 134 16.48 5.18 12.52 3.6
Site 6 106 70 10.00 3.80 10.32 0.6
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TOPO MAPPING
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EM vs. Slope
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EM vs. Slope & Probe Locations
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SOIL MOISTURE DATA
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Soil Moisture Data• Any data better than none
• Helps make future management decision not only this season but for infrastructure development ahead
• Place probes in known soil types
• Ideally more than one per farm or even one per crop
• Use soil moisture data to inform not only irrigation scheduling but also other inputs such as fert timing etc
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Telemetered Data
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Telemetered Data
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WEATHER DATA
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Weather Data & On-Farm Measurement
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Weather Data & On-Farm Measurement
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Weather Data & On-Farm Measurement
Lysimeter - ECan Eddy Co-variance Tower - NIWA
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VARIABLE RATE IRRIGATION DATA
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As-applied data
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Flow Rates & Volume
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DATA MANAGEMENTTying it all together, increasing efficiency, giving accountability and traceability in an ever changing environment.
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Data Rich Farming• All kinds of data available on farm today• Helps make decisions• Can start to use map nutrient & water input on a spatial
level for potential future use in models• Or more educated paddock or farm averages • Starts to fine tune your management decisions and put $$
$ around what your doing
• The more data the more control you have in your business!
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Summary• There is a wide range of data available for smarter
irrigating today – don’t wait!
• Using the core data elements – soil type, topography, soil moisture, weather - will fine tune your irrigation mangement & increase your long term business vaibility and environmental sustainability
• Utilising ‘Smart Irrigation’ techniques is the way to move New Zealand’s agriculture industry forward progressively into the 21st century
QUESTIONS?