Subphylum: MiriapodaGeneral characters: Mainly terrestrial, some aquaticBody: head and trunk distinct head with:1. Simple eyes 2. 2 Antennae3. 2 Mandibles 4. 1: 2 pairs of maxillae Carnivorous (e.g. Scolopendra) or Herbivorous (e.g. Julus) Respiration by: trachea Dorsal heart with ostia Excretion by : Malpighian tubules Nervous system: dorsal brain and ventral nerve cord Separate sexes Direct development

Comparison face Chilopoda Diplopoda

Genital pore AnteriorPosterior

Below the gutAbove the gutGonads

Body Head + Trunk Head + Thorax + Abdomen

Dorso-ventrallyFlatness Cylindrical

Feeding Carnivorous Herbivorous

Poisonous Jaws Present Absent

Development Epimorphic Anamorphic

Scolopendra morsitans

• Habitat and Habit:1. Common in Egypt2. Nocturnal3. painful poisonous bite but not fatal to man

• External features:1. Dark greenish brown color2. 7: 30 cm in length3. Head: 6 fused segments, 2 groups of 4 ocelli

• The mouth parts:1. One labrum2. Mandibles belong to segment 43. Maxillule belong to segment54. Maxilla belong to segment 65. The Maxillipeds (poisonous claws)belong to the first

trunk segment

• The trunk:1. Dorso-ventrally compressed2. 22 alike segments3. Each segment from 2- 22 carries a pair of walking legs4. Each leg ends in a terminal claw and consists of 7 joints:i. coxaii. trochanteriii. femuriv. tibiav. 3 tarsi

• The Digestive system:1. Simple long tube2. Three main regions: very long stomodaeum, short

mesentron and short proctodaeum3. The stomodaeum: buccal cavity, pharynx, oesophagus,

crop and gizzard4. Anus opens on the last segment

• Excretory System:• Two long delicate convoluted Malpighian tubules

• Respiratory System:• fine trachea• 9 pairs of stigmata on the pleura of segments No. 4, 6, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 and 21

• Circulatory System:• Open type• Heart + anterior aorta+ several arteries

• Nervous System:• Two cerebral ganglia: to eyes and antennae• Suboesophageal ganglia: to mouth parts and the rest of head segments• Double nerve cord: carries 21 ganglia to each body segment

Subphylum: Chelicerata

General characters:Body: Prosoma (6) and Opisthosoma (12) A pair of chelicerae on the 1st prosomal segment One pair of pedipalps + 4 pairsof walking

legs Three classes:1. Arachnida2. Merostomata3. Pycnogonida

Class: ArachnidaGeneral characters:Includes: scorpions, spiders, ticks and mites All are terresterial No antennae or true jaws Head is not distinct The body: prosoma (6) + opisthosoma Respiration by: 1. lung books or tracheae in terresterial forms2. through skin in parasitic forms3. gill books in aquatic forms Excretion by Malpighian tubules or coxal glands Open Circulatory system Separate sexes. Viviparous or Oviparous Mostly carnivorous but some are ectoparasites

Anatomy of spider