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IDENTIFICATIO

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Narrative Description of Property: 21 Saint Catherines Court is a lot with a single family residence, located in the Elmwood district in Buffalo, New York. The house faces directly east, sitting on an irregularly-shaped parcel of land. The property is approximately 50-feet-wide along the east edge, 70-feet-wide in the west edge, and 108-feet-deep.1 There are two buildings located on the property. The main house is positioned in the center of the parcel, and a garage is located near the southwest corner of the lot; the garage has a flat roof and one carport. The main building is two-and-a-half stories in height. Built in the Tudor Revival style, the house has an exterior composition of stucco and dark wood half-timbering. Its floor plan is irregularly-shaped with ten corners. The main block of the building has a steeply-pitched side-gabled roof that intersects with a front-facing gable on the rear slope. A smaller two-story block with a front-facing gable is submerged within the southwest corner of the main block. The building has three chimneys. Two chimneys mirror one another at each end of the main roof; these are non-contributing, as they were added sometime after 1983 to replace the original chimneys, as evident in photograph 0003. The mirroring chimneys are clad in stucco as they extend to the tops of their respective gables, and then continue beyond the roof in brick. The third chimney is located along the rear slope of the main roof, nearing the southwest corner of the main block A narrow driveway runs along the south edge of the building. This driveway is shared with 25 St Catherines Court, which is the property immediately south of 21 St Catherine’s Court. The brickwork of the driveway is a recent addition and thus non-contributing. Front Elevation (east) Fenestration along the east face of the building is arranged asymmetrically, as with the rest of the house. The main block of the front elevation is divided into three bays. The left-most bay has an unclad first floor and narrow-studded half-timbering on the second. There are two fenestrations, both vertically aligned on the first and second stories of the house. The fenestration on the first story is a narrow casement window which utilizes a lattice styled glazing. The standalone window on the second story is a two-pane-wide and four-high casement window. A small one-and-a-half story block protrudes off the second bay from the left; this is where the main entrance is located. The entrance block dons a steeply-pitched front-facing gable roof, which has a slight overhang, and is adorned with small wooden brackets along the bottom edge.2 The gable extends from top of the first-story wall, at a steep angle, to intersect with the main block’s side-facing gable roof. Both the gable and first floor of the entrance block consist of narrow-studded half-timbering. A paired casement window, two-panes-wide and four-high on each sash, is centered on the gable. This pairing is of equal width and is perfectly aligned with the front door on the first story. The front door has fifteen square panels and a wide rectangular frame, which may be Tudor or Spanish eclectic. A small ashlar stone porch with three steps is extended from the entrance. Along the left and right edges of the porch is simple wrought-iron railing. The right-most bay is almost twice the length of the middle entrance bay. There are two fenestrations on each floor, aligned but asymmetrical. A narrow lattice-glazed casement window occupies the fenestration near the left corner on the first story (positioned close to the entrance bay). Near the right corner of the first story is a ribbon window with five sashes, two-wide and four-high on each. Irregularly cut ashlar stone has been used from the sill of the ribbon window to the base of the building. A casement window (identical to all of the other eight-paned windows) is positioned on the second story, aligned with the lattice-glazed window on the first story. 3 A paired casement window, with eight-paned sashes, is also located on the second story, centered with the first story ribbon window.4 Only a portion of the block located on the southwest corner of the property can be seen in the front elevation. From this angle, it deceives as a two-story extension with a shed roof. The east elevation of this block is adorned with one six-paned casement window on the second floor. Side Elevation (South) The gable roof of the main block faces the south elevation. The main gable is broken at its peak by a brick and stucco chimney, and then a third the way down towards the rear of the house by another intersecting gable. There are four fenestrations on the main block of the house, three of them to the right of the chimney, and another on the upper-left

1 The City of Buffalo, "City of Buffalo Property Viewer." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://gis.city-buffalo.com/cobapps/PublicApps/default.aspx . 2 The eight brackets in total are arranged symmetrically with a widened gap between the middle two brackets. 3 Together, the glazed window and eight-paned window above it mirror the windows located on the bay left of the entrance. 4 This paired window is identical to the paired window located on the entrance gable.


corner of the unit; the latter is a small two-wide and two-high casement window, just above the secondary block’s side-facing gable. The upper-right-most window is a twelve-paned casement window, located on the gable roof. A large double-hung 8/16 sash window sits below the casement window, vertically situated between the first and second stories. A tiny casement window with a lattice glazing, slightly smaller than the casement windows on each side of the front entrance block, located on the first story wall, in alignment with the sash window There are four windows and one door on the block which projects from the main unit. Two narrow casement windows are symmetrically placed on the second story of the block, just below the roofline. A third identical window is located near the right corner of the block, placed in such a way that its top two panes are level with the other two windows’ bottom panes, thus this window is situated between the first and second stories of the building. A side entrance door is positioned directly below the offset window, slightly recessed into the wall. A three part casement window is located to the left of the door, also on the first story Narrative Description of Significance: Located in the Elmwood neighborhood, St Catherines Court penetrates a block bound by Cleveland Avenue to the north, Tudor Place, West Ferry Street, and Elmwood Avenue (going clockwise). The house at address 21 of Saint Catherines Court was built in 1927, the same decade in which many other houses on Saint Catherines Court were built.5 The house exhibits characteristics of Tudor eclectic architecture, which it shares with many of the neighboring properties along the cul-de-sac. Rather than being a landmark building, 21 Saint Catherines Court is a fragment which contributes to the historical fabric of the Elmwood neighborhood. It was constructed during a period of change, where massive parcels of land being divided to accommodate additional houses, the appearance of a garage was becoming more prominent, and the United States of America was falling into an economic depression (when massive homesteads were less apparent).6 Saint Catherines Court as a street did not exist prior to 1916.7 In its stead was a massive 13-acre parcel of land extending from the Chemical No. 5 Firehouse to Delavan Avenue, as part of John J. Albright’s private estate, and before that, Charles Wadsworth’s estate. John Albright John J. Albright was an industrialist who was born in 1848, in Buchanan, Virginia, and had grown up living in Scranton, Pennsylvania. In 1868, following his graduation Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Albright returned to Scranton from Troy, New York to become an entrepreneur in the coal industry. Albright amassed quite a profit from freight shipping, eventually selling coal under a partnership with Andrew Langdon in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and later starting an asphalt business with Anzi Lorenzo Barber when he moved again to Washington D.C. By 1883, Buffalo had become a major inlet for coal shipping from Pennsylvania. Still deeply involved in the coal industry despite his asphalt business, John Albright took his family to settle in Buffalo during that year.8 The Albright family moved into the former residence of Charles F. Wadsworth, a gothic revival house built in 1855, once easily recognized by its tower with castellation and glass conservatory. In 1901, the Wadsworth house was damaged in a fire, prompting John Albright to build a new house on the same property. John Albright commissioned architect Edward Brodhead Green to design his house at 730 West Ferry Street.9 E.B. Green completed projects for John Albright on several occasions, one of the most well-known of these buildings being the Albright-Knox Art Gallery (originally just the Albright Art Gallery).10 Saint Catherines Court Built in the Tudor style, John Albright’s new estate was designed by Green in reminiscence of a mansion near Bath, England. The English manor was named “Saint Catherines Court,” for which the cul-de-sac was named after.11 John Albright lived in his E. B. Green house until his passing in 1931, when he died with a significantly smaller fortune due to the recent economic depression. The house was demolished in 1935 and the property was divided into several lots and two streets, Saint Catherines Court and Tudor Place.12 The parcel of land where 21 Saint Catherines Court sits is immediately west of the original boundaries of John Albright’s estate. When John Albright moved to Buffalo in 1901, this parcel had extended from the Chemical No. 5 Firehouse to West Ferry Street, and was addressed as 694 West Ferry Street. The land was occupied by a single family residence, a carriage house, and a hen house.13 During the 1920s, this parcel had been divided into parts of 17, 21, 25, and 31 Saint Catherines Court, and the entire parcel of land occupied by 690 West Ferry Street.8 5 The City of Buffalo, "City of Buffalo Property Viewer." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://gis.city-buffalo.com/cobapps/PublicApps/default.aspx . 6 Insurance Maps of Buffalo, New York: Volume Five, (New York, NY: Sanborn Map Company, 1935), 442. 7 Insurance Maps of Buffalo, New York: Volume Five, (New York, NY: Sanborn Map Company, 1916), 455. 8 Betsy Taylor, The Ivy Grows Again: A History of the Albright Estate from 1890 to the Present, (Buffalo, NY: Nardin Academy, 1998). 9 Western New York Heritage Press, "John J. Albright Estate, West Ferry Street." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://wnyheritagepress.org/photosofweek/albrightestate.htm. 10 John Douglas Sanford, The Gallery Architects: Edward B. Green and Gordon Bunshaft, (Buffalo, NY: Albright-Knox Art Gallery, 1987). 11 LaChiusa, Chuck. "Buffalo Architecture and History." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://www.buffaloah.com/h/alb/index.html. 12 Western New York Heritage Press, "John J. Albright Estate, West Ferry Street." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://wnyheritagepress.org/photosofweek/albrightestate.htm. 13 Insurance Maps of Buffalo, New York: Volume Four, (New York, NY: Sanborn Map Company, 1900), 397.

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LaChiusa, Chuck. "Buffalo Architecture and History." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://www.buffaloah.com/h/alb/index.html. Savage, Virginia, and Lee McAlester. A Field Guide to American Houses. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1984. Sanford, John Douglas. The Gallery Architects: Edward B. Green and Gordon Bunshaft. Buffalo, NY: Albright-Knox Art Gallery, 1987. Severance, Frank. The Picture Book of Earlier Buffalo. 1912. Taylor, Betsy. The Ivy Grows Again: A History of the Albright Estate from 1890 to the Present. Buffalo, NY: Nardin Academy, 1998. The City of Buffalo, "City of Buffalo Property Viewer." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://gis.city-buffalo.com/cobapps/PublicApps/default.aspx . The City of Buffalo, "Real Property Tax Services." Accessed November 28, 2014. http://www2.erie.gov/ecrpts/index.php?q=real-property-parcel-search. Western New York Heritage Press, "John J. Albright Estate, West Ferry Street." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://wnyheritagepress.org/photosofweek/albrightestate.htm.

IDENTIFICATIO

Property name(

Address or Stre

County: Erie

Owner Paul B

Original use Si

Architect/Builde

DESCRIPTION

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Narrative Description of Property: The house at 54 Cleveland Avenue sits on a large rectangular parcel of land, facing north. This house is a two and a half story frame structure with an irregular floor plan; its plan is laid out with sixteen corners, somewhat resembling an “L” shape towards the front of the property. Being that the house was constructed in the mid-1920s, the style of architecture can best be classified as eclectic with elements of Colonial Revival, French Eclectic, and Italian Renaissance. The house’s rambling floor plan and presence of gabled roofs identify most closely with the Colonial Revival style of architecture. However, the house’s stucco façade and detailing such as its elaborate wrought iron railing on window balconets are prominent on Italian Renaissance and French Cclectic houses. Front Elevation (North) The main block of the house is two and a half stories in height, with a hip roof with a deck. A front-facing gable intersects with the hip roof on the second bay from the right, defining the entrance. A wing expands from the right side of the front face elevation, consisting of a two-story block with a front-facing gable, and in in front is the one-story garage block with a hip roof. The wing and main block meet at a corner, where there is yet another block that can be seen on the front facade. This block is extremely small, crowned with a parapet wall. The top edge of the parapet meets with the bottom left corner of the entrance gable. The bottom of the parapet is indicated with a molding that aligns with the eave on the two-story wing’s roof; this indicates a circa three-foot difference in height between the main elevation and the wing elevation. The main block of 54 Cleveland Avenue has five fenestrations, including windows and a door. This block has three bays. The central bay consists of the front entrance (a multiple-paned glass door with quoining), and two windows. A 6/6 double hung window with an iron-railed balconet is located on second story, centered above the entrance. A tiny arched casement with six panes of glass is centered on the front-facing gable, above the 6/6 window. A faint outline can be seen in the stucco on either side of the arched window, indicating that it once had shutters. The first story of the rightmost bay of the main block has one small casement window with six panes, not identical to the casement window on the gable roof. The left bay mirrors the right-most bay, save for a small 4/4 double hung window on the second story of the right bay, near the corner of the wall. The small block with the parapet is located to the right of the entrance unit. The front face of the block has three fenestrations, one on the first floor and two on the second. The first story has a pair of 4/4 double hung windows separated by a mullion, situated close to the left corner of the block. A pair of arched narrow casement windows with sixteen panes on each exists on the second story, aligned with the first story windows. A gable dormer with shingle exterior walls and 6/6 double hung window intersects with the main roof and is positioned in line with the parapet block. The two-and-a-half-story wing that projects from the left-most unit has but one small casement window positioned in the center of the front facing gable. An outline of shutters can be seen on each side of the window, along with their remaining shutter fasteners. A square is recessed into the stucco façade, located below the window as a crude attempt at filling in a gap in the wall. Another wing exists on the front elevation, projecting from the right of the main block; however, the second story of this wing is completely shrouded by an overgrown tree. A grouping of four casement windows with transoms can be seen on the first story elevation, each one being 6/15. Front Elevation (West) Three blocks appear on the west elevation which are still visible from the front of the property, the northeast wing that projects from the main block, the small block with parapets, and the one-story block where the garage is. Upon the west face of the garage block is one 6/6 double hung window, centered on wall. This window is barely visible between two large topiary balls, but it is still adorned with both louvered shutters. The wing can be seen to the right of the garage block, divided into two bays with a fenestration of six openings for windows, three on each floor. Two windows exist on the left bay of the wing, both of which are accompanied by louvered shutters. On the second floor near the left corner is a 9/9 double-hung window, with a smaller 6/6 double hung window is on the first story directly below. To the right of the first story window is a 6/6 double hung window with louvered shutters, repeated once to its right and once more on the second story, immediately above it. The sixth window is located on the second floor, close to the right corner of the block, where the wing meets the small block with parapet. This window is a tiny 4/1 double hung window, being the only window on the block without shutters. Above the right bay of the wing a gabled dormer, intersecting with the wing’s gabled roof. This dormer has wooden shingles, like the small dormer on the north elevation, but also a grouping of three 4/4 double hung windows. The small block with the parapet is completely bare on the west elevation. Narrative Description of Significance: 54 Cleveland Avenue is located in the Elmwood neighborhood of Buffalo on a block bound by Cleveland Avenue, to the north, Delaware

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IDENTIFICATIO

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Narrative Description of Property: 64 Tudor Place is a rectangular parcel of land located on the southwest corner at the intersection of Cleveland Avenue and Tudor Place. Land is elevated, retained by short wall of quarry rock, laid out in a regular course, while the north edge is retained by deteriorated brick and concrete fence. The house is a two and a half story Tudor styled brick building with a basement, its front entrance oriented to the east. The floor plan of the house is irregular with fourteen corners, including porches. A prominent gable roof is located on the main block, facing eastward, which overlaps with another front facing gable on a secondary block for the entrance. Front Elevation (East) At first glance, the east elevation looks like the side of the building, for the entrance is not located on the main block, yet that unit is still the most prominent element on this elevation of the house. The main block has a medium pitched front gabled roof, which extends from the left-most wall to the top of a porch located on the first story (the segment of the gable atop the porch is clad with jagged-cut weatherboard). The side of a gabled dormer, clad with stucco and half timbering, can be seen intersecting with the left slope of the main roof, immediately above the porch. The main block has six symmetrically-arranged fenestrations. Windows are divided equally amongst the building’s left and right bays, mirroring one another on each side of an elaborate chimney. The first story consists of two casement windows with center openings. Both windows appear to be double-glazed, situated upon an alcove that protrudes from the main wall and intersects with the base of the chimney. Windows on the second story are centered with the first story windows. Both of the second story windows are 10/10 double-hung windows, which also appear to be double-glazed. Two quarter round windows mirror one another upon the gable roof to each side of the chimney (the three panes on each window are arranged into a sunburst design). A wing for the front entrance projects from the right side of the main block and is set further back. The front door is close to the corner of the wall perpendicular to the main block. A narrow casement window is positioned to the right of the front door. The window is crowned with a label mold, connected to the door’s hood mold. A side gable roof on the one story entrance block can be seen intersecting with the main block’s front gabled roof and wall. The pitch of the side gable gradually decreases towards the front of the elevation before cantilevering over the entryway. A brick and half-timbered gabled dormer, that almost reaches the edges of the first story walls, is situated on the second story of the entrance block. The main block’s gable overlaps with the dormer’s gable (overlapping gables are not uncommon amongst Tudor style houses). A glazed casement window three-wide and three-high is centered on the half-timbered dormer. Side Elevation (North) The most prominent element of the north elevation is the unit with the entrance. Upon this elevation, one can see the front face of the entrance block’s asymmetrical gable roof with varying pitch (the top-most portion of this roof is clad in a jagged-cut weatherboard, as seen on the east elevation). There are ten fenestrations of various sizes located upon the entrance block, all of which are divided amongst two bays (the left and right bay are split by a crevice in the brickwork offset to the left with the peak of the gabled roof). Three casement windows are spaced unevenly but still aligned along the first story of the left bay. A shallow oriel projecting from the main wall with a large transom casement window is located on the second story, centered with the right-most two casement windows on the first story. The first story of the right bay has a group of three 6/6 double hung windows, separated by mullions. Another identical 6/6 double hung window exists on the second story, aligned with the left-most window on the first story (this window is also centered with the peak of the roof). A small two-wide and-three high casement window is located above the standalone window and is positioned close to the top of the gable, and immediately above that is an even smaller window, which at first glance appears like an air vent. The main block projects from the right side of the entrance block; the wall on this face of the building is barren, save for an arch on the first story, and a shield-shaped ornament cast in plaster on the second story. A one-story block with a decked hip roof projects from the right of the main block. This block has three narrow garage ports, which do contribute to the historical fabric of the building. Narrative Description of Significance: Positioned at the southwest corner of Cleveland Avenue and Tudor Place, the house at 64 Tudor Place is significant both individually and as a contributing factor of the neighborhood around it. The house was completed in 1925, as designed by architect, Louis Greenstein, who had also lived in the residence with his family as its first owner.25 Prior to the erection of Greenstein’s house, the land

25 Muskat, Barry. "One sweet Tudor on Tudor." Buffalo Spree: The Magazine of Western New York, 2007. http://www.buffalospree.com/buffalospreemagazine/archives/2007_12/1207tudor.html (accessed November 23, 2014).


where 64 Tudor Place is now was a fragment of John J. Albright’s estate. During the years after 1916, Albright’s estate was subdivided into several parcels and two roads, Tudor Place and Saint Catherines Court, marking a new era for the neighborhood and suburbia as a whole.26 John J. Albright The Albright estate was located on a 13 acre parcel of land extending from the Chemical No. 5 Firehouse to Delavan Avenue, which had belonged to Charles Wadsworth prior to Albright’s arrival to Buffalo. John J. Albright was an industrialist who was born in 1848, in Buchanan, Virginia, and had grown up living in Scranton, Pennsylvania. In 1868, following his graduation Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Albright returned to Scranton from Troy, NY to become an entrepreneur in the coal industry. Albright amassed quite a profit from freight shipping, eventually selling coal under a partnership with Andrew Langdon in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and later starting an asphalt business with Anzi Lorenzo Barber when he moved again to Washington D.C. By 1883, Buffalo had become a major inlet for coal shipping from Pennsylvania. Still deeply involved in the coal industry despite his asphalt business, John Albright took his family to settle in Buffalo.27 The Albright family moved into the former residence of Charles F. Wadsworth, a gothic revival house built in 1855, once easily recognized by its tower with castellations and glass conservatory. In 1901, the Wadsworth house was damaged in a fire, prompting John Albright to build a new house on the same property. John Albright commissioned architect Edward Brodhead Green to design his house at 730 West Ferry Street.28 E.B. Green and Associates completed projects for John Albright on several occasions, one of the most well-known of these buildings being the Albright-Knox Art Gallery (originally just the Albright Art Gallery).29 Albright’s personalized estate was designed in a formal Tudor architectural style, reminiscent of a manor in Bath, England named “Saint Catherines Court.”30 John Albright lived in his E. B. Green house until his passing in 1931, when he died with a significantly smaller fortune due to the recent economic depression. The house was demolished in 1935 and the property was divided.4 Louis Greenstein A Buffalo native, Louis Greenstein was born in 1886, and had spent the earlier portion of his architectural career as a draftsman, working for McCreary, Wood and Bradney in 1907, then for Green & Wicks the following year (the same Green who had designed Albright’s estate), and then worked as Chief Draftsman for the Edgar E. Joralemon architectural firm. In 1909, Greenstein attended Columbia University in New York City to study architecture, and then returned to the city of Buffalo in 1914 to set up his own private practice.31 Greenstein had designed a number of residences throughout Buffalo, such as the house on 40 North Street and 239-241 Lombard Street.32 Louis Greenstein had also designed institutions such as Tapestry Charter School, Temple Beth David, and the Medical Arts Building, also in Buffalo. In 1924 Louis Greenstein designed the seal for the City of Buffalo, which was selected from 73 designs that had been submitted for a competition to design Buffalo’s new flag.7

Ownership According to the 1930 United States Census, Louis Greenstein lived at 64 Tudor Place with his wife, Irma, Irma’s mother, Elizabeth Aaron, and her brother, Abraham Aaron. At that time, the house was estimated to be worth $35,000. The most recent deed information indicates that the house has been under ownership of James Bangs and Sherry Willoughby since November of 2011. Bangs and Willoughby purchased the property from Mark Sebastian and David Hall who had acquired the property in 2003 from Richard Griffin.33

Photos 26 Insurance Maps of Buffalo, New York: Volume Five, (New York, NY: Sanborn Map Company, 1916), 455. 27 Betsy Taylor, The Ivy Grows Again: A History of the Albright Estate from 1890 to the Present, (Buffalo, NY: Nardin Academy, 1998). 28 Western New York Heritage Press, "John J. Albright Estate, West Ferry Street." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://wnyheritagepress.org/photosofweek/albrightestate.htm. 29 John Douglas Sanford, The Gallery Architects: Edward B. Green and Gordon Bunshaft, (Buffalo, NY: Albright-Knox Art Gallery, 1987). 30 LaChiusa, Chuck. "Buffalo Architecture and History." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://www.buffaloah.com/h/alb/index.html. 31 Walkowski, J. Clinton Brown Company Architecture ReBuild The Pierce Building in the Theater Historic District , "H. Seeberg Building Application for Listing on the State and National Registers of Historic Places." Last modified January 11, 2011. Accessed November 23, 2014. 32 Kost, Ellen. Daemen College, "Amherst Designates Curtis Hall on The Daemen Campus as Historic Landmark." Last modified August 17, 2011. Accessed November 24, 2014. http://www.daemen.edu/news/Newsreleases/Pages/AmherstDesignatesCurtisHallontheDaemenCampusasHistoricLandmark.aspx. 33 The City of Buffalo, "Real Property Tax Services." Accessed November 28, 2014. http://www2.erie.gov/ecrpts/index.php?q=real-property-parcel-search.

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City of Buffalo, Accessed November 24, 2014. http://www.ci.buffalo.ny.us/. Insurance Maps of Buffalo, New York: Volume Five. New York, NY: Sanborn Map Company, 1900. Insurance Maps of Buffalo, New York: Volume Five. New York, NY: Sanborn Map Company, 1916. Insurance Maps of Buffalo, New York: Volume Five. New York, NY: Sanborn Map Company, 1935. John Douglas Sanford, The Gallery Architects: Edward B. Green and Gordon Bunshaft, (Buffalo, NY: Albright-Knox Art Gallery, 1987). Josker, Karl. "Temple Beth-David 626 Humboldt Parkway, Buffalo." Last modified May 07, 2014. Accessed November 24, 2014. http://www.pbase.com/image/28726944. Kost, Ellen. Daemen College, "Amherst Designates Curtis Hall on The Daemen Campus as Historic Landmark." Last modified August 17, 2011. Accessed November 24, 2014. http://www.daemen.edu/news/Newsreleases/Pages/AmherstDesignatesCurtisHallontheDaemenCampusasHistoricLandmark.aspx. LaChiusa, Chuck. "Buffalo Architecture and History." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://www.buffaloah.com/h/alb/index.html. Muskat, Barry. "One sweet Tudor on Tudor." Buffalo Spree: The Magazine of Western New York, 2007. http://www.buffalospree.com/buffalospreemagazine/archives/2007_12/1207tudor.html (accessed November 23, 2014). Savage, Virginia, and Lee McAlester. A Field Guide to American Houses. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1984. Severance, Frank. The Picture Book of Earlier Buffalo. 1912. State University of New York at Buffalo, "JBIC015: Architectural drawing of new Beth El building and school, Eggert Road, Tonawanda, N.Y. (Louis Greenstein, Architect)." Last modified February 2012. Accessed November 24, 2014. The City of Buffalo, "City of Buffalo Property Viewer." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://gis.city-buffalo.com/cobapps/PublicApps/default.aspx . The City of Buffalo, "Real Property Tax Services." Accessed November 28, 2014. http://www2.erie.gov/ecrpts/index.php?q=real-property-parcel-search. United States Census, 1930 Walkowski, J. Clinton Brown Company Architecture ReBuild The Pierce Building in the Theater Historic District , "H. Seeberg Building Application for Listing on the State and National Registers of Historic Places." Last modified January 11, 2011. Accessed November 23, 2014. Western New York Heritage Press, "John J. Albright Estate, West Ferry Street." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://wnyheritagepress.org/photosofweek/albrightestate.htm.

IDENTIFICATIO

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Narrative Description of Property: 690 West Ferry Street is located in Elmwood Village of Buffalo, New York. The property rests on a long quadrilateral shaped parcel of land, about 70-feet-wide and 281-feet-deep, its front oriented to the south. There are two buildings on this parcel, consisting of a large house in the center of the property, and a three stall garage on the northeast corner of the lot. The main building is a two and a half story residence with an irregular floor plan. Its exterior is composed primarily of burnt clay brick with some stucco and dark wood half-timber elements; the roofing is clad in slate shingles. The material composition and the building’s two prominent front-facing gable roofs epitomize the Tudor architectural style. Front Elevation (South) The front elevation of the house is namely comprised of two blocks with parallel front-facing gables. There are five fenestrations arranged symmetrically on the left block. A semi-hexagonal bay window with transoms is centered on the first story of said block. The bay window consists of seven multi-paned units with trefoil arches, two units on each side and three in the center. A low-pitched oxidized metal roof rests atop the bay window, its green color matching that of the gutters and eaves on the house. Three windows are seen on the second story of the block. A group of four casement windows, three wide and six high on each, is centered on the wall. On both sides of the group window are standalone casement windows with diamond-patterned glazing. The glazed casement windows are aligned at the top, but do not extend to the bottom edge of the grouped-window. Herringbone brick is used on the gable roof, juxtaposed with black half-timbering. A rectangular oriel protrudes slightly from the center of the gable. The oriel divided into three casement windows with diamond-patterned glazing, the central unit slightly wider than the side units. The extrusion is supported by a plaster corbel with a floral motif. The right block consists of two window openings and a wide chimney centered at the front elevation. The portion of wall between the chimney and the second floor of the left block is slightly recessed, leaving a small alcove for a shed roof between the first and second stories and a small casement window directly above it. The wall is also slightly recessed the right of the chimney on both the first and second story. A casement window with transom is positioned on the second story, near the right corner of the chimney. A tiny one-story block with a front-facing gable can be seen right of the main unit, projecting diagonally from the east elevation (the entrance faces southeast). This unit defines the entryway, which can be accessed through a gothic pointed arch with concrete molding. A metal lamp fixed above the point of the arch highlights the entrance block. Side Elevation (East) The east face of 690 West Ferry Street is a complex mass of units, which can be divided into four bays on the right, and one wing on the left, behind the diagonal entrance block. A front-facing gable with an overhang sits atop the two bays on the right side of the elevation, adorned with half timbering and beige-colored stucco. A double-glazed three-wide and five-high casement window is centered upon said gable. Another gable rests on the left-most bay, overlapping yet another gable (the latter being half-timbered and adorned with a casement window, as well). A wide shed dormer is positioned in between the front facing gables of the left and right-most bays, intersecting with the side of the main block’s gable roof. The dormer consists of three evenly-spaced paired casement windows, three-panes-wide and five-high on each sash. Five fenestrations can be seen on the right-most bay. The first story consists of two identical windows, partially concealed by a brick wall, more than likely three-wide and five-high casement windows to match the other windows on the building. An alcove, which protrudes from the main wall but is still shaded by the overhanging gable, is positioned on the second story in the upper-left corner of the block. The alcove is irregularly-shaped and clad with half-timbering. Half timbering divides the unit into four panels that run parallel to the main wall, and a smaller panel on the right, that intersects with the main wall at an acute angle.34 A glazed casement window with an arched top adorns each but the left-most panel (the right-most window is narrower than the others, to correspond with the dimensions of the diagonal alcove panel). A Quatrefoil design is beveled into solid wood panels between each window and the roof.35 The second bay from the right is a semi-hexagonal protrusion from the main elevation, which meets the edge of the gable roof where parallel. There are three fenestrations. A small casement window, three-wide, and three-high, is centered at the top edge of the bay. A casement window three-panes-wide and five-high is vertically aligned with the small window and positioned between the first and second stories of the building. An antique lantern fixture is centered and positioned below the lower window, identifying a point of entry on the first floor. The third bay from the right is the largest component of the east elevation; it is positioned in line with the long shed dormer. The bay has 34 Many alcoves throughout the façade are “supported” by large wooden brackets, for aesthetic purposes. 35 A quatrefoil is a symbol with ties to Christianity and High Gothic Architecture. “Quatrefoil” means “four leaves,” represented as four overlapping circles.


ten fenestrations, with four windows on the first floor and six on the second. A group of three casement windows is located on the first story, positioned at least a foot away from the right edge of the bay. The greater portion of these windows is concealed by a brick wall, but judging by the windows on the second story, it can be assumed that the first story windows are three wide and four high. A small casement window with diamond-patterned glazing is positioned near the left edge on the first story. Two casement windows, three-panes-wide and four-high, are located on the right half of the second story elevation. A box-shaped alcove divided into four panels through half-timbering is located near the upper-left corner of the bay on the second story. Upon each of the four panels are an arched-top casement window, three-wide and six-high. A metal shed roof is exposed, hanging over the alcove. A two-story window rests upon the left-most bay of the east elevation. The window is divided into nine units, 3x3. Each unit is a casement window, three-wide and five-high for the bottom three units, and three-wide and four-high on the middle and top units.36 A trefoil-shaped arch adorns each of the top-most windows, while the transoms that divide each row of windows are carved with a vine pattern. A stained glass panel with an abstract design breaks the grid on the center-most window. A narrow opening with wooden louvers for ventilation is centered on the front-facing gable roof immediately above the massing of windows. The front entrance block can be seen where the “wing” intersects with the series of bays (the wing is really the main unit seen on the front elevation of the building, though it is not as prominent on the side elevation). A small casement window with a diamond pattern glazing is located on the second story of the wing, near the edge of the entrance block’s gable roof. A two-story alcove meets the left corner of the entrance block, where it the entrance intersects the wing. Like many of the other wall projections, this alcove is divided into eight panels shared amongst the first and second stories by half-timber cladding. The first story of the alcove consists of four casement windows with central transoms; glazing consists of a simple geometric stained glass pattern, which does not appear consistently throughout the house. The second story of the alcove is also composed of four windows, but these windows have basic rectangular panes with arched tops. Said windows are double-glazed and thus likely to be altered since construction. Narrative Description of Significance: The Rudolph Flershem House is situated at 690 West Ferry Street in the Elmwood Historic District of Buffalo, New York. The house was constructed in 1930, designed in the Tudor Revival style, built adjacent to the former site of John J. Albright’s estate. Flershem commissioned Harold LeRoy Olmsted (a distant relative of Frederick Law Olmsted) to landscape the property. The house is highly ornamented, and some of the leaded-glass used in the building’s more elaborate windows appears to be intact. The architecture of the Flershem House is significant in that it epitomizes Tudor revival architecture in a neighborhood of post-World-War I houses. Harold Olmsted completed an array of landscaping projects for affluent clients, such as James F. Foster at 12 Saint Catherines Court and John P. Wickser at 245 Nottingham Terrace. In 1924 Harold Olmsted also designed the house of James and Fanny How at 41 Saint Catherines Court, despite not being a licensed architect.37 According to the Sanborn insurance maps of Buffalo, 690 West Ferry Street was actually part of a larger parcel of land addressed as 694 West Ferry Street. In the 1920s, the property divided into parts of 17, 21, 25, and 31 Saint Catherines Court, in addition to the entire lot at 690 West Ferry Street.38 The property shared boundaries with the John J. Albright estate at 730 West Ferry Street; today 690 West Ferry Street shares a brick wall with the Nardin Academy, where part of the Albright estate used to be. John Albright John J. Albright was an industrialist who was born in 1848, in Buchanan, Virginia, and had grown up living in Scranton, Pennsylvania. In 1868, following his graduation Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Albright would return to Scranton from Troy, NY to work in the coal industry. Albright amassed quite a profit from freight shipping, eventually selling coal under a partnership with Andrew Langdon in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and later starting an asphalt business with Anzi Lorenzo Barber when he moved again to Washington D.C. By 1883, Buffalo had become a major inlet for coal shipping from Pennsylvania. Still deeply involved in the coal industry despite his asphalt business, John Albright would take his family to settle in Buffalo during that year, and acquire a large portion of land in the Elmwood district.39 Rudolph Flershem In 1930, a businessman by the name of Rudolph Byford Flershem purchased 690 West Ferry Street to live there with his family. Hailing from Chicago, Illinois, Flershem was an esteemed industrialist and an alumnus of the Harvard graduating class of 1898. In 1920, Rudolph Flershem married Alice Jamieson Donnell; the couple had had three children, Jane, Anna, and Robert.40 The Flershems were especially affluent; their house on West Ferry Street had an estimated value of $80,000 in 1930, where they lived with a cook, two maids,

36 The center-most window’s grid is broken by a stained-glass panel with an abstract design. 37 Shelgren, Olaf, and Francis Kowsky. "Rider-Hopkins Farm and Olmsted Camp Nomination for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places." Accessed November 24, 2014. http://buffaloah.com/a/kowsky/camp/hp/hp.html. 38 Insurance Maps of Buffalo, New York: Volume Five, (New York, NY: Sanborn Map Company, 1935), 442. 39 Betsy Taylor, The Ivy Grows Again: A History of the Albright Estate from 1890 to the Present, (Buffalo, NY: Nardin Academy, 1998). 40 Thayer, William. The Harvard Graduates' Magazine, Volume 28.

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IDENTIFICATIO

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Narrative Description of Property: The George A. Forman House is located at 1260 Delaware Avenue in Elmwood Village in Buffalo, New York. The parcel is irregularly-shaped, 173-feet-wide and 72-feet deep; it used to consist of the lot that is now addressed at 836 Auburn Avenue, which is now being used for multiple residences. The front entrance of the Forman House faces the southwest side of the parcel, thus the building opens up onto Auburn Avenue rather than onto Delaware Avenue, which runs along the southeast side of the property. The architecture of the house at 1260 Delaware Avenue can be described as Colonial Revival, a style which had flourished during the earlier 20th Century. The floor plan of the Forman House is irregular, though its main unit is symmetrical. A side-gabled roof with parapets at the ends can be seen atop the main unit; a two-story wing projects from the northwest face of the main block, also capped with a side-gabled roof with parapets. Many of the building’s architectural features, such as windows and shutters, are painted green, giving the façade an earthy presence in combination with the off-white stucco wall covering. Most of the stucco walls are deteriorated and blackened from damage caused by the ivy that covered the house (the ivy now appears to be withering, marring the beauty of the architecture). Front Elevation (Southwest) The front elevation of the Forman house’ is divided into three blocks. The main block is on the right side of the elevation, with the two-story wing projecting from its left. A small one-story block with a flat roof is located where the wing meets the main unit. The main unit is divided into three bays (separated by the presence of downspouts) and is almost completely symmetrical. The right-most bay consists of four fenestrations. A casement window with a transom light is located on the first-story elevation, near the right-corner of the block. The window opens from the center, two-panes-wide and four-high on both its left and right sash; the transom light has four panes going across. Functional shutters accompany the window; each one divided into a top panel and bottom panel, whereas the top panel is louvered. A balcony with cast-iron railing is located on the second story, aligned with the first story window. A set of doors which are identical to the massive first-story transom window opens onto the balcony. A 6/6 double hung window with shutters is located on the first story, to the left of the transom window. The shutters on this window are completely louvered. Another 6/6 double hung window with shutters can be seen on the second story directly above the first double hung window (this window is slightly wider than the one located on the first story). The wider of the double hung windows is repeated on the center bay and the left-most bay, all three vertically-aligned upon the second story elevation and evenly spaced apart. In addition, every other window on the right bay is mirrored on the left bay of the block. The main entrance, a double-door with unpedimented entablature cast in concrete, is located below the double hung window on the center bay. The door itself is constructed from an oxidized copper, a material which appears on a lot of the house’s detailing. A narrow 4/4 double hung window is positioned to the right of the front door. Five concrete steps lead up to the entrance, lined by a concrete retaining wall, which encompasses the shrubberies in front of the house. As previously noted, the left-most bay of the main block is a mirrored version of the right-most bay, with exception to the addition of a small 1/1 double hung window in between the large double hung window and balcony door on the second story. Three identical shed-roof dormers intersect with the main roof, aligned with the front entrance in the central bay and the second-story balcony doors on the outer bays of the elevation. Each dormer has a detached pair of small casement windows, two-wide and two-high each. An unadorned stucco chimney is positioned on the front slope of the roof, to the right of the left-most dormer. A small one-story block is positioned at the corner where the wing of the house intersects with left side of the main block. An arrangement of three windows, separated by short pilasters, can be seen on the front elevation of the one-story block. The central unit is six-wide and three-high, and atop is a transom with six panes running across the width of the window. Narrow casement windows are positioned on each side of the central unit; both are one-wide and three-high with a single-paned transom light. A square alcove is positioned at the corner between the one-story block and the west wing of the building. With exception to the small alcove, the block has a decked roof with eaves constructed from green oxidized metal. The two-story wing projects from the left of the main block. A casement window that is four-wide and two-high (where the upper panes are shorter than the lower panes) is located on the second story. The window has barred shutters and opens onto the decked block below. The same type of window repeated twice to its left on the second story wall. The other two windows are evenly-spaced with the first window, but lacking the barred shutters. A glass door with an aluminum frame is located on the first story and is aligned with the left-most window (this door is non-contributing, as it has not been cast in oxidized copper). A concrete ramp, which was added later for accessibility, leads to the aluminum-framed door. Side Elevation (Southeast) The parapet which outlines the front face of the main block’s gable roof can be seen on the southeast elevation of the building. The


elevation is divided into two bays, separated by a massive stucco chimney, centered with the gable. The left and right bays mirror one another precisely, with six fenestrations. Two balconies are located upon the second story, one on each side of the chimney’s mass. The doors opening onto each balcony resemble the doors leading to the second story balconies on the front elevation of the house (double doors with transom lights and shutters). The doors are repeated again twice on the first story opening onto a crude concrete deck, with each set of doors centered under the balconies. A 4/4 double hung window can be seen positioned on the front facing gable, on each side of the chimney mass. The small double hung windows do not include shutters. A two-story wing can be seen projecting from the right side of the main block. The first story of the “wing” is partially-open, simply there to support a second story unit. From this elevation, one can see three Doric columns on the first story of the block: one on the left near the main block’s wall, and two near the right corner. A wall can be seen beyond the columns, adorned with a geometric framework made from cast iron. Simple entablature rests atop the first story columns, a modern adaption of the architecture on Ancient Greek Temples. The architrave of the entablature is cast in concrete whereas its cornice is constructed from oxidized copper. A four-wide and three-high center-opening casement window with a transom, but no shutters, is positioned in the middle of the second story wall, above the cornice. A parapet wall is seen directly above the top of the window, intersecting with the lower portion of the main block’s roof. A three-foot-high wall, clad in stucco with concrete molding, sits in front of the house. The title of the organization associated with the building “The Foundations of Kaleida Health” is set on the wall with brass lettering; the signage is of course non-contributing. Rear Elevation (Northeast) The right side of the rear elevation at the Forman House is obstructed by a stucco wall and trees; however, the left portion of the elevation can be seen clearly from the parking lot of 1272 Delaware Avenue. The left-most bay on the elevation consists of two fenestrations, a door opening onto a balcony, on the second-story, and a door opening onto the lawn, on the first story. These two units are identical to the other balcony doors seen throughout the property, with multiple panes, a transom light, and shutters. A downspout separates the left-most bay from the bay to its right. The second bay from the left has eight fenestrations. Three windows are arranged symmetrically on the second story, each unit spaced apart by approximately five feet. The windows at either end are 4/4 double hung windows, while the center unit is a large four-wide and three-high casement window with a center opening and transom light, adorned with a barred window grille, but no shutters. A completely unadorned version of the four-wide three-high casement window with transom light is repeated five times on the first story, closer to the right edge of the bay. These windows are separated by pilasters and are crowned with entablature. The second story wing projects from the front of the third bay from the right, supported by four evenly-spaced Doric columns located on the first story. Three windows exist on the second story, evenly spaced apart. Two-wide three-high casement windows with transom lights exist at the ends, while the middle unit is a four-wide three-high window with a center opening and a four-wide transom light. The remainder of the rear elevation, on the right, is obstructed by trees and the stucco wall. Side Elevation (Northwest) The parapet gable on main block can be seen on the northwest elevation. The front-facing gable of the building’s west wing overlaps the main unit’s gable. The one-story block with an alcove is positioned to the right of the wing, at the corner of where the wing meets the main block. There are three windows on the main block’s elevation, all of them positioned on the gable. A small 4/4 double hung window is centered below the peak of the roof. A 6/6 double hung window is immediately below the tiny window, and is repeated again to its right. Two fenestrations exist upon the one-story block at the intersection of the main unit and the wing. A four-wide and three-high window with a four-wide transom light can be seen near the right corner of the small block. A multi-paned double door with a six-wide transom light sits to the left of the window, separated by a pilaster. Another pilaster is positioned to the left of the door, separating it from the alcove, which dons a 6/6 double hung window along its northwest elevation. A patio room, which appears to suffered severe weathering damage, exists in front of the west wing. Four fenestrations, arranged symmetrically, are positioned on the second story of the wing (above the patio room). Two 6/6 double hung windows, spaced evenly apart occupy the second story wall. Two smaller 6/6 double hung windows, close together yet not connected, are positioned between the second story and the gable. The upper portion of the wall has suffered from deterioration over the years, refinished with a material that does not match the color of the building’s stucco façade. Narrative Description of Significance: Located at the intersection of Auburn Avenue and Delaware Avenue in Elmwood Village in Buffalo, New York, the George A. Forman

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Western New York Heritage Press, "John J. Albright Estate, West Ferry Street." Accessed November 10, 2014. http://wnyheritagepress.org/photosofweek/albrightestate.htm.

inventory Forms

Documents

Transcript of inventory Forms