Introduction to Wildlife - Burlington, Wisconsin 53105 · 2014-03-12 · Wildlife...

Introduction to Wildlife Introduction to Wildlife

Exploring the History and Exploring the History and Importance of Wildlife Importance of Wildlife

ManagementManagement

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

Explain the history of wildlife Explain the history of wildlife conservation.conservation.

Describing the national policies that Describing the national policies that impact wildlife conservation.impact wildlife conservation.

Identify historical people related to Identify historical people related to wildlife conservation.wildlife conservation.

Describe the values of wildlife.Describe the values of wildlife. Define wildlife conservation and wildlife Define wildlife conservation and wildlife

management.management.

Terms to KnowTerms to Know

Aesthetic valueAesthetic value Commercial valueCommercial value DomesticationDomestication Ecological valueEcological value EcologyEcology Endangered species actEndangered species act ExploitationExploitation Forest serviceForest service Game valueGame value

Terms to KnowTerms to Know

Lacey ActLacey Act Migratory Bird Conservation ActMigratory Bird Conservation Act Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp ActMigratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act National Park ServiceNational Park Service Pittman-Robertson ActPittman-Robertson Act Scientific valueScientific value WildlifeWildlife Wildlife conservationWildlife conservation Wildlife managementWildlife management Wildlife Refuge ServiceWildlife Refuge Service

Explain the history of wildlife conservationExplain the history of wildlife conservation

In the 1600’s, when the pilgrims arrived, In the 1600’s, when the pilgrims arrived, wildlife was plentiful and was able to wildlife was plentiful and was able to meet the needs of the people.meet the needs of the people.

Needs turned into wants, which led to Needs turned into wants, which led to exploitationexploitationᾷthe use of natural ᾷthe use of natural resources for profit.resources for profit.

By the 1800’s, people began to see a By the 1800’s, people began to see a need for conservation of our natural need for conservation of our natural resourcesresources

What is the history of wildlife What is the history of wildlife conservation?conservation?

Morrill Act of 1862Morrill Act of 1862 Established colleges to Established colleges to

teach agriculture. teach agriculture. Made “land grant Made “land grant

universities” such as the universities” such as the University of Illinois.University of Illinois.

What is the history of wildlife What is the history of wildlife conservation?conservation?

Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone National Park First national park in the world.First national park in the world. Its purpose was to preserve the natural Its purpose was to preserve the natural

resources of the area.resources of the area. 18721872 Located in Idaho, Montana & WyomingLocated in Idaho, Montana & Wyoming 3,472 sq. miles3,472 sq. miles 2,221,773 sq. acres2,221,773 sq. acres

What are the national policies that impact What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation?wildlife conservation?

National Park ServiceNational Park Service Enacted in 1916.Enacted in 1916. Federal agency responsible for the care of Federal agency responsible for the care of

the national parks.the national parks. Lacey Act Lacey Act

Regulates the shipment of illegally killed Regulates the shipment of illegally killed animals.animals.

Made it illegal to trade protected wildlife.Made it illegal to trade protected wildlife.

What are the national policies that What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation?impact wildlife conservation?

Migratory Bird Conservation Act Migratory Bird Conservation Act First step in protecting migratory birds.First step in protecting migratory birds. 19291929

Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp ActMigratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act Requires people planning on hunting Requires people planning on hunting

migratory birds to purchase special stamps.migratory birds to purchase special stamps. 19371937 Has raised over $1 billion to date.Has raised over $1 billion to date.


Pittman-Robertson ActPittman-Robertson Act Raises money in the form of taxes on Raises money in the form of taxes on

hunting equipment and ammunition hunting equipment and ammunition 19371937


Endangered Species ActEndangered Species Act Identifies and manages rare, Identifies and manages rare,

threatened and endangered species.threatened and endangered species.Threatened-population is in danger of Threatened-population is in danger of

becoming endangered.becoming endangered.Endangered-population is in danger of Endangered-population is in danger of

becoming extinct.becoming extinct.

What are the national policies that impact What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation?wildlife conservation?

Wildlife Refuge SystemWildlife Refuge System A system of wildlife A system of wildlife

refuges across the United refuges across the United States.States.

A part of the US Fish and A part of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.Wildlife Service.

19661966

What are the national policies that impact wildlife What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation?conservation?

Forest ServiceForest Service Part of the USDA that manages Part of the USDA that manages

156 forests covering 191 million 156 forests covering 191 million acres of forests and grassland.acres of forests and grassland.

Historical People in Wildlife ConservationHistorical People in Wildlife Conservation

John James Audubon (1785–1851)John James Audubon (1785–1851) Watched and studied birds.Watched and studied birds. Published a book about his bird Published a book about his bird

studies.studies. 1905 the National Audubon Society 1905 the National Audubon Society

was formed.was formed.


John Muir (1838–1914)John Muir (1838–1914) Partly responsible for the development Partly responsible for the development

of Yellowstone and Sequoia National of Yellowstone and Sequoia National Parks.Parks.

Encouraged President Roosevelt to Encouraged President Roosevelt to establish these parks.establish these parks.

Started the Sierra Club.Started the Sierra Club. California forest named after him.California forest named after him.


Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919)Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919) Known as the “Father of the Known as the “Father of the

Conservation Movement”.Conservation Movement”. Passed legislations to help protect Passed legislations to help protect

natural resource.natural resource.


Aldo Leopold (1886–1948)Aldo Leopold (1886–1948) Applied ecology to wildlife.Applied ecology to wildlife.

Ecology is the study of how organisms Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with their environment.interact with their environment.

Wrote a book called Game Wrote a book called Game Management that was used to help Management that was used to help further educate wildlife biologists.further educate wildlife biologists.


Gifford Pinchot (1865–1946)Gifford Pinchot (1865–1946) One of the first leaders of what is now One of the first leaders of what is now

known as the U.S. Forest Service.known as the U.S. Forest Service. Wrote a book called The Fight for Wrote a book called The Fight for

Conservation.Conservation. His efforts focused on the conservation His efforts focused on the conservation

of forests.of forests.

Historical People in Wildlife ConservationHistorical People in Wildlife Conservation Hugh Bennett (1881–1960)Hugh Bennett (1881–1960)

Father of soil conservation.Father of soil conservation. First person to run the Soil Conservation First person to run the Soil Conservation

Service.Service. Jay Darling (1872–1962)Jay Darling (1872–1962)

Designed the first migratory bird stamp.Designed the first migratory bird stamp. Drew cartoons of wildlife and natural Drew cartoons of wildlife and natural

resources.resources. His cartoons made the public aware of the His cartoons made the public aware of the

need for wildlife conservation.need for wildlife conservation.

The work of Jay DarlingThe work of Jay Darling ᾿̓ Land, water and vegetation Land, water and vegetation

are just that dependent on one are just that dependent on one another. Without these three another. Without these three primary elements in natural primary elements in natural balance, we can have neither balance, we can have neither fish nor game, wild flowers nor fish nor game, wild flowers nor trees, labor nor capital, nor trees, labor nor capital, nor sustaining habitat for humanssustaining habitat for humans ῀͂

Jay “Ding” Darling Jay “Ding” Darling

The work of Jay DarlingThe work of Jay Darling

What are the values of wildlifeWhat are the values of wildlife

Plants and animals that have not Plants and animals that have not been domesticated are called been domesticated are called wildlife.wildlife. Domestication is being under control of Domestication is being under control of

humans.humans.

There are five basic values of wildlifeThere are five basic values of wildlife

Five Basic Values of WildlifeFive Basic Values of Wildlife

Aesthetic value—the enjoying of Aesthetic value—the enjoying of wildlife’s beauty and pleasurewildlife’s beauty and pleasure

Scientific value—studying and Scientific value—studying and research of wildlife for their use in research of wildlife for their use in medications, integrated pest medications, integrated pest management, etc…management, etc…

Ecological Value—the interaction of Ecological Value—the interaction of wildlife in naturewildlife in nature

Five Basic Values of WildlifeFive Basic Values of Wildlife

Commercial—using wildlife to earn Commercial—using wildlife to earn moneymoney

Game Value—the enjoyment value Game Value—the enjoyment value gained through hunting and fishinggained through hunting and fishing

What are wildlife conservation and wildlife What are wildlife conservation and wildlife management?management?

Wildlife ConservationWildlife Conservationᾷᾷ the wise use of the wise use of natural resources in our environment.natural resources in our environment.

Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 parts.parts. Education—learning how to conserve Education—learning how to conserve

wildlife and its resources.wildlife and its resources. Research—using science to better Research—using science to better

understand the needs and understand the needs and requirements of wildlife and its habitat.requirements of wildlife and its habitat.

What are wildlife conservation and What are wildlife conservation and wildlife management?wildlife management?

Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 parts (continued)parts (continued) Law Enforcement—ensures that all Law Enforcement—ensures that all

laws related to wildlife are followed.laws related to wildlife are followed. Wildlife Management—manipulation of Wildlife Management—manipulation of

wildlife to achieve a positive goal.wildlife to achieve a positive goal.

North America Model of Wildlife North America Model of Wildlife ManagementManagement

6 Principles of Wildlife Management6 Principles of Wildlife ManagementWildlife is public propertyWildlife is public propertyWildlife can’t be used for Commercial use.Wildlife can’t be used for Commercial use.Wildlife is allocated by law.Wildlife is allocated by law.Wildlife is taken by legal and ethical meansWildlife is taken by legal and ethical meansWildlife is an IntWildlife is an International resourceernational resourceWildlife management should be based on Wildlife management should be based on sound scientific knowledge and principles. sound scientific knowledge and principles.

Goal of Wildlife ManagementGoal of Wildlife Management

Maintain healthy wildlife populationsMaintain healthy wildlife populations Keep numbers in balance with Keep numbers in balance with

habitathabitat Keep track of historical trends, Keep track of historical trends,

current habitat conditions, breeding current habitat conditions, breeding populations. populations.

Essential Component of WL Essential Component of WL ManagementManagement

Habitat ManagementHabitat Management Food and WaterFood and Water CoverCover SpaceSpace Ideal ArrangementIdeal Arrangement Limiting FactorsLimiting Factors

Introduction to Wildlife - Burlington, Wisconsin 53105 · 2014-03-12 · Wildlife...

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