Introduction to the Web of Things - World Wide Web ... · IoT SDOs and Alliances Landscape Source:...
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Building the Web of Things Standards for Semantic Interoperability and End to End Security Dave Raggett, W3C IoTW Berlin, 19 th September 2016
Transcript of Introduction to the Web of Things - World Wide Web ... · IoT SDOs and Alliances Landscape Source:...
BuildingtheWebofThingsStandards for Semantic Interoperability
and End to End Security
DaveRaggett,W3C
IoTW Berlin,19th September2016
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MassivePotentialfortheInternetofThings
SmartHomes Wearables
Power&Environment SmartCities
Healthcare
Manufacturing
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TheInternetofThings– BridgingtheSilos
Stillveryimmature,andalongwaytogo
Lackofinteroperabilityattheapplicationlevel
Manyplatformsandassociatedstandardsl Addressingbroadrangeofdifferentrequirementsl Endtoendsecuritychallengingacrossplatforms
FragmentationandSilosareholdingbackthepotentiall Thisiscausingproblemsforstart-upsandSMEs
Openorclosedsystem?l Closedsystemsincentive:controll Opensystemsprompt:reducedcostsandincreasedmarketsize
l Needforwideadoptionofsharedopenstandards
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IoT Landscape
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IoTSDOsandAlliancesLandscape
Source:AIOTIIoTStandardisationreportrelease2.6
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WorldWideWebConsortium
Mission:leadtheWebtoitsfullpotentiall TheWebistheworld'slargestvendor-neutraldistributedapplicationplatform
FoundedbySirTimBerners-Lee,inventoroftheWebl 400+Membersl Member-fundedinternationalorganisation
DevelopsstandardsforWebandsemantictechnologiesl HTML,CSS,scriptingAPIs,XML,SVG,VoiceXML,
SemanticWebandLinkedDataetc.l Developeroriented,enablingcooperationbetween
organisations withverydifferentbackgroundsl W3Cpatentpolicyforroyaltyfreestandardsl W3Cstaffofengineersactivelyparticipatinginstandardisationl Increasinglyinvolvedinverticals:Mobile,TV,Automotive,Digitalpublishing
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Whatwewanttoavoid…
https://xkcd.com/927/
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WebofThings– Inter-Platformstandardsforinteroperability
TheWebwillenableatransitionfromcostlymonolithicsoftwaretoopenmarketsofapps
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Analogywithearlydaysofnetworking
BeforetheInternet,thereweremanynon-interoperablenetworktechnologies
l IPmadeitsimpletointerconnectnetworksandcreateinteroperableservicesindependentofthenetworktechnologies
l TheInternetgrewexponentiallyastheopportunitieswererealisedl LikewisefortheWebwhichtookoverfromisolatedinformation
services
Directanalogywithtoday’sIoT silosandtheirlackofinteroperability
l TheWebofThingsistheequivalentofIPforsemanticinteroperabilityandendtoendsecurity
l TheWebofThingswillenableexplosivegrowthasthebarrierstointeroperabilityaretorndown
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TheWebofThings– counteringfragmentationwithstandardisedmetadataandAPIsl Simplifyingapplicationdevelopmentbydecouplingtheunderlyingprotocolsl ByanalogytothecrossplatformsocketsAPIforthe
InternetProtocol
l MakingIteasytowriteappsthatcanbeeasilyportedacrossplatforms
l Enablinginteroperabilityacrossdifferentplatformswithstandardisedmetadatal Describingtheinterfacesexposedtoapplicationsl Describingthecommunicationandsecurityrequirements
foraccessingthingsl Describingthesemanticmodelsanddomainconstraints
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WebofThings
Applicationsactonsoftwareobjectsthatstandforthings
l Local“things”l Remote“things
Richdescriptionsforevery“thing”l EachthinghasaURIforitsnamel Thisprovidesaccesstoitsdescriptionl Ontologiesthatdescribe“things”
Thingsdon’tneedtobeconnectedl Abstractentitiesandunconnectedphysicalobjects
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SensorDataStreamsandtheCloud
l Device– Gateway– Cloudl IoTdeviceswithlocalconnectivityl Gatewaysthatstreamsensordatatothecloudl Powerfulscalablecloudbasedplatforms
l Opportunitiesforservicesacrossmanyapplicationdomains
l Bigdata,streamanalyticsandadvancedAIl Machinelearningandpersonalisedservices
l Needforopenstandardstocreateopenmarketsofservicesthatspancloudplatformsoperatedbydifferentvendors
Google’sCloudPlatformfortheIoT
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HubsasPlatformsforSmartHomeApps
l Webstandardscancreateopportunitiesforvendorneutralplatformsforamarketofappsforinstallationonyourhomehub
l Yoursmartphoneprovidesthehumanmachineinterfacefortheseapps
l Improvedsenseofprivacycomparedwithhavingyourpersonaldatabeingsenttothecloud
l Appsbaseduponyoursocialconnectionsl Peertopeerwithyourfriend’shomehubs
Samsung’sSmartThings
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SmartManufacturing
l Greaterflexibilitytoaddressthetrendtohighlypersonalisedproducts
l Reactingfastertochangingmarketconditions
l Verticalintegrationfromproductioncellstotheboardroom
l Horizontalintegrationacrossboththesupplychainandthevaluechainwithinabusiness
RobotsmanufacturingTesla’selectriccars
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Whatkindsofmetadatadoweneed?
l Thinglifecycles,dataandinteractionmodelsl Asexposedtotheapplications
l Properties,actionsandevents
l Howtointeroperatewithanotherplatform?l Protocols,dataformatsandsoforth
l Whatcommunicationpatternstouse?l Push,pull,pub-sub,peertopeerl Real-timerequirementsl Transactionalrobustness&rollbacksl Multiplexingandbufferingl Sleepyambient&batterypowereddevices
l Semanticmodelsofthingsandtheirconstraints
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SemanticModels
l Neededtoensurethatplatformssharethesamemeaningforthedatathattheyexchange
l Fordiscoveringthingsbasedupontheirpropertiesandrelationshipsl SearchenginesthatcanindextheWebofThings
l Forverifyingthatathingisconsistentwithgivenmodels
l Fordesigningservicecompositionsbasedupontheknowledgeofwhichservicesarecompatible
l Thismayinvolvetransformationofdataformatsl Automaticgenerationofgluecodefromthemetadata
W3Chasarichsuiteofrelatedstandards16/25
IoTSecurityShouldWorryUsAll
l Breachesofprivacy
l Cybercrime
l Physicalsafetyinthehome,acrossthecityandwithinbusinesses
l Threatstonationalinfrastructure
l Loomingrisksofcyberwar
Needforjointworkonbestpracticesandtechnicalstandards17/25
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W3CWebofThingsActivity
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W3CWebofThingsInterestGroup
WorkshopinBerlin(June2014)l LaunchofWebofThingsIGin2015l ChairedbyJörg Heuer,Siemensl Taskforces
ThingdescriptionsAPIsandprotocolsDiscoveryandprovisioningSecurity,privacyandresilienceCommunicationsandcollaboration
Strongemphasisonimplementationexperiencel Demosandplug-festsl Helpstobuildasharedunderstanding
BeijingFacetoFace,11-14July201619/25
MembersoftheWebofThingsInterestGroup
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WhereNext?W3CWebofThingsActivity
l W3CischarteringaWebofThingsWorkingGrouptodevelopinitialstandardsl ChartercurrentlyunderreviewbyW3CMembers
l W3CWebofThingsInterestGrouphasjustrecharteredl ExpectedtoboostitsworkonreachingouttoindustryalliancesandSDOsl Interoperabilitytestsacrossplatformsusingopensourceimplementationsl Furtherworkonsemantics,securityandprivacy
l PlansforanIoTontheWebBusinessGroupl Focusingonbusinesslevelrequirementsacrossdomainsl Buildingasharedunderstandingthroughcollaborationwithexternalgroups
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IoTSDOsandAlliancesLandscape
Source:AIOTIIoTStandardisationreportrelease2.6
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AgileProcessesforStandardisation
l Today,severalIoTalliancesandstandardsdevelopmentorganisationsareworkingonmodelsasdescriptionsofdevicesandservices
l Organisationsareworkingonthisinisolationwithriskoffragmentation
l Jointwhitepaperonsemanticinteroperabilitytocounterthisl Buildingasharedunderstandingoftheroleofsemanticinteroperabilityl Seehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.25758.13122
l Discussionunderwayonnextstepstokeepthemomentumflowing
l WeneedagileprocessesforvocabularydevelopmentthatmeetsthetimescalesandbusinessrealitiesfacingSMEsl Experimental,earlycommercialuse,widespreadusel Encouragingre-usewherepractical
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TheBottomLine
TheWebisessentialforrealizingthefullpotentialoftheIoT
TheWebprovidesaunifyingframeworkforsemanticinteroperability
TheWebactsasaglobalmarketplaceforsuppliersandconsumersofservices
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WorkshopAgenda
IndustrialPerspectivel Needs,gaps,currentstateandfutureapproaches
l BorisMaurer,Connctdl ColinI’Anson,HPEl FrankReusch,RWE/Lemonbeatl DieterWegener,Siemens
l DiscussionleadbyDaveRaggett&GeorgRehm
HowtoCoordinate?l Viewsfromdifferentorganisations
l StefanHoppe,OPCFoundationl StefanWeisgerber,DINl ThomasHahn,Plattform Industrie 4.0
l DiscussionleadbyDaveRaggett&GeorgRehm
l Workshopconclusionsandwrap-up
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Theindustrialperspective– needsandgaps,currentstate,futureapproachesl Isthereasharedunderstandingofwhatsemanticinteroperabilityisandwhyitisimportant?
l Eachplatformhasbyandlargeapproachedsecurityindependently,whatarethekeyconsiderationsforenablingendtoendsecurityacrossplatforms?
l Industry4.0hasbeenveryhighleveltodate,howdoweproceedtoarichsetofusecasesthatadddetailtothevisionwewanttorealize,pointtotherequirements,andfacilitateabetterunderstandingofwhichexistingstandardsareappropriateandwhatnewstandardsareneeded?
l Canyoutalkaboutthedifferentkindsofplatformsandstandardsthatareneededtoreachfromtheproductionscellstotheboardroom,toreachacrosssupplylinesandcorporatevaluechains,andacrossthelifecyclefromproductdesign,productionplanningandoperation,andlifetimesupport?
l HowdoweconvincecompaniestocommittheresourcestodrivenewtechnicalstandardsfortheIIOT?
l WhatisneededforcompaniestocollaborateonbuildingcommerciallyrelevanttestbedsfortheIIOT?
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Howdowecoordinateourselvestostandardizesemanticinteroperability?l Whyiscoordinationessential,andacrosswhichbodiesshouldittakeplace?
l Whataretheappropriatemechanismsforcollaboration?Forexample,jointwhitepapers,workshops,jointtestbeds,plugfests,bilateralmeetings,etc.
l Whatkindsofpeopledoweneedtoinvolveandwhataretheargumentsthatareneededtoconvincebusinessestomakethenecessarycommitments?
l WhatistheroadmapfortheIndustrialInternetofThings?Canwecombineabroadlongertermvisionwithreadilyachievablemilestonesalongtheway?
l Moreconcretely,whatisneededforbuildingasharedvisionbetweentheIndustrialInternetConsortium,Industrie 4.0,OPCFoundationandW3C,amongstothers?
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