Introduction to Scilab

Introduction to ScilabUse Scilab, not Matlab

Kannan M. MoudgalyaIIT Bombay

[email protected]

Coordinator Training10,000 Teacher Training Programme

IIT BombayJune 2012

Kannan Moudgalya Use Scilab, not Matlab 1/68

Outline

I Open Source Software

I History of Scilab

I Usage of Scilab

I Comparing other open source softwaresystems


FOSS: Free and Open Source Software

I Commercial software is expensiveI Heavy penalties if unauthorised software

is used by industryI Stories from Italy, HLL, WIPRO

I Our SME’s don’t use ANY software:I commercial software is expensiveI they are not aware of open source software

I Makes small companies uncompetitive

I There is no alternative to open sourcesoftware


Scilab

I A good substitute for Matlab

I About 95% compatibility


What is Scilab?

I Free and open source

I Easy to useI Excellent computational environment:

I LINPACK, EISPACK, LAPACK: same asMatlab

I Other software not available for Matlab:Dassl, ODEPACK, etc.


Scilab is created for mathematicians

I Matrices and vectors can be createdeasily - no typing, storage allocation, etc.

I Matrix-vector product,scalar-vector/matrix products are writtenwithout any fuss - like themathematicians do

I Belongs to Matlab family - originallycreated by Prof. Cleve Moler, who hadworked on Linpack and Eispack projects


History of Scilab

I Prof. Cleve Moler created Matlabthrough NSF funding

I As Government funded, source code hadto be made available

I Many companies started using this ideaI Matrixx

I CTRL-CI MatlabI Scilab

I Used extensively for linear algebra,simulation, control system design

I Scilab - a recent story


Scilab - other features

I Can call programs written in Fortran, C

I Good graphics capability

I Large installed base

I A lot of algorithms implemented ininterpreted language as well

I Free

I Check out www.scilab.org orwww.scilab.in


How reliable is Scilab?

I CNES - France’s ISRO

I CNES Arianne rockets

I CNES relies on Scilab for many criticalcalculations:trajectory, flight dynamics, orbit


CNES Talk

I Use of Scilab for Space Mission Analysisand Flight Dynamics Activities

I by Thierry Martin

I Senior Manager, CNES


Purchase of Matlab at IIT Bombay - AStory


Usage of Scilab


Simple Arithmetic - 1

4+6+12

ans =

22.

a = 4, b = 6; c = 12

a =

4.

c =

12.

a+b+c

ans =

22.Kannan Moudgalya Use Scilab, not Matlab 13/68

Useful Commands

I demosI Gives demos on several different things

I aproposI Helps locate commands associated with a

word

I helpI functional invocation with no arguments

I Helps draw plots

I diaryI Stores all commands and resulting outputs


Simple Arithmetic & Display

a = 4; b = 6; c = 12;

d = a+b+c

d =

22.

d = a+b+c;

d

d =

22.


Simple Arithmetic

x = sqrt(2)/2, y = asin(x)

x =

0.7071068

y =

0.7853982

y_deg = y * 180 /%pi

y_deg =

45.Kannan Moudgalya Use Scilab, not Matlab 16/68

Vector Operation - 2 I

-->a = 1:5, b = 1:2:9

a =

! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. !

b =

! 1. 3. 5. 7. 9. !

-->c = [b a]

c =

! 1. 3. 5. 7. 9. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. !Kannan Moudgalya Use Scilab, not Matlab 17/68

Vector Operation - 2 II

-->d = [b(1:2:5) 1 0 1]

d =

! 1. 5. 9. 1. 0. 1. !


Vector Operation - 3 I

-->a, b

a =

! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. !

b =

! 1. 3. 5. 7. 9. !

-->a - 2


Vector Operation - 3 II

ans =

! - 1. 0. 1. 2. 3. !

-->2*a-b

ans =

! 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. !


Logical Operators

== equal to< less than> greater than<= less than or equal to>= greater than or equal to<> or ∼= not equal to


Vector Operations Using LogicalOperators I

-->A = 1:9, B = 9-A

A =

! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. !

B =

! 8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. 0. !

-->tf = A==B


Vector Operations Using LogicalOperators II

tf =

! F F F F F F F F F !

-->tf = A>B

tf =

! F F F F T T T T T !


Transpose I

-->c = [1;2;3]

c =

! 1. !

! 2. !

! 3. !

-->a=1:3


Transpose II

a =

! 1. 2. 3. !

-->b = a’

b =

! 1. !

! 2. !

! 3. !


Submatrix I

-->A=[1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 9]

A =

! 1. 2. 3. !

! 4. 5. 6. !

! 7. 8. 9. !

-->A(3,3)=0


Submatrix II

A =

! 1. 2. 3. !

! 4. 5. 6. !

! 7. 8. 0. !


Submatrix I

A

A =

! 1. 2. 3. !

! 4. 5. 6. !

! 7. 8. 0. !

-->B=A(3:-1:1,1:3)


Submatrix II

B =

! 7. 8. 0. !

! 4. 5. 6. !

! 1. 2. 3. !


Submatrix

-->A

A =

! 1. 2. 3. !

! 1. 4. 7. !

! 7. 8. 0. !

-->B=A(:,2)

B =

! 2. !

! 4. !

! 8. !


Submatrix I

-->b=[5 -3;2 -4]

b =

! 5. - 3. !

! 2. - 4. !

-->x=abs(b)>2


Submatrix II

x =

! T T !

! F T !

-->y=b(abs(b)>2)

y =

! 5. !

! - 3. !

! - 4. !


Special Matrices I

-->zeros(3,3)

ans =

! 0. 0. 0. !

! 0. 0. 0. !

! 0. 0. 0. !

-->ones(2,4)


Special Matrices II

ans =

! 1. 1. 1. 1. !

! 1. 1. 1. 1. !

-->rand(2,1)

ans =

! 0.2113249 !

! 0.7560439 !


Go for Vector Computation


Go for Vector Computation I

-->a = ones(10000,1);

-->timer()

ans =

0.02

-->for i = 1:10000, b(i)=a(i)+a(i); end

-->timer()


Go for Vector Computation II

ans =

0.31

-->c = a+a;

-->timer()

ans =

0.03


Plots

Go through the Demos!


Comparing Matlab and Scilab

I Capability comparison - a correctquestion?

I Is Matlab required for class students?

I Matlab and versions

I Mathworks: 2,000 employees

I Scilab: 23 full time employees


Hardware Interfacing through FOSS

I ScilabI Xcos, HART, COMEDI

I GNURadio


Scilab for Hardware Interfacing

I COMEDI has device drivers for 150 A/Dand Digital I/O cards

I We can call ALL of them from ScilabI Using Xcos (' Simulink), HART

I Devices not in COMEDI, but with Cdrivers

I Devices without device drivers


GNURadio for Hardware Interfacing

I Open source software

I Uses C++ and Python

I Can call OpenCVI Has graphic front end

I Has sliders, etc. - allows change ofparameters in real time

I Calling Scilab functions from GNURadioI Calling Xcos functions from GNURadio

I LabView does not allow Simulink calls!


Control of Single Board Heater Systemthrough Scilab and GNURadio


Replacement for ORCAD?

I KiCAD + NGSpice + ... – a replacementfor ORCAD?


SAGE - a Replacement for Mathematica


OpenFoam - a Replacement for Fluent


Other Projects


Lab migration project: Matlab to Scilab

I Help code lab assignments into ScilabI Examples:

I IIT BombayI Delhi UniversityI SASTRA UniversityI Anna UniversityI The list is growing


Problems with open source software

I Good documents are missing

I Lack of support

I Wrong impression about the quality


Textbook Companion Project



I Creation of documents is difficult

I Code creation is easier

I Create code for existing documents



I Choose any standard textbook

I Code worked out examples into Scilab

I Get the correctness certified by thesubject expert

I Get honorarium - Rs. 10,000

I Summer internship to create textbookcompanion

I See the web page


Internship project during summer of 2010

I Fluid mechanics by Fox and McDonald -NIT Trichy, 4th year B.E. student

I Control system design by Smarajit Ghosh- NIT Srinagar, 4th year B.E. student

I Engg. mathematics by Kreyszig - BITRanchi, 2nd year B.E. student

I Three more created by IIT Bombaystudents


Textbook companions created by CollegeProfessors

I Prof. Raajan, SASTRA UniversityI Digital image processing by Gonsalves

I Prof. Senthilkumar, IRTT, ErodeI Signals and Systems by Oppenheim, Willsky

and YoungI DSP by Proakis and ManolakisI Optical communication by KeiserI Electromagnetics - in pipeline


List of books for companion project

I Completed books - 100

I Books in progress - 50

I Expect many summer interns to do this

I See the web page


Availability

I Every textbook companion is available asa pdf file

I Can be downloaded free of cost fromscilab.in

I Can be printed as a book as well -samples will be shown to you

I Need the original textbook to understand

I No copyright violation


Spoken Tutorials


Spoken Tutorials

I It is an instructional methodology

I Based on IT

I Available also in local languages

I Available free of cost - thanks to MHRDfunding

I Will help bridge digital divide

I Make our country IT literate

I Make our children employable


Demo of creating a spoken tutorial


What is a Spoken Tutorial?

I It is a recording of a computer session,along with a running commentary

I It is an audio-video tutorial

I It is typically ten minutes long

I Suitable for self learning


Target Audience

A remote child, working alone, at midnight,without anyone to help her


Steps in creating spoken tutorials

I Outline for a software by an expert

I Script for a tutorial by an expert

I Novice check

I Recording

I Verification and acceptance

I Translation of spoken part into otherlanguages

I Dubbing the voice


Dubbing into Our Languages

I Dub only audio

I Video remains the same

I If original spoken tutorial is made properly,dubbing is easy


Benefits of dubbing

I Useful for students weak in EnglishI esp. school students in vernacular medium

I Can provide high technology solutions toeven minority population groups


Sample Tutorials in Our Languages

Assamese (dubbing) Bodo (geo)Bengali (Sci) Bhojpuri (dubbing)Indian English (PHP) Gujarati (Xfig)Hindi (Linux) Kannada (CS)Khasi (CS) Konkani (CS)Malayalam (dubbing) Marathi (Sci)Mythili (CS) Oriya (dubbing)Rajasthani (CS) Sanskrit (LATEX)Sindhi (CS) Tamil (LATEX)Telugu (Sci) Urdu (Sci)


Conclusion

I Open source efforts are not only idealistic,but make economic and commercial senseas well

I It has a potential to empower ALL Indianchildren to collaborate and make us adeveloped nation

I IIT Bombay is working on several opensource projects

I We invite you to join us


Funding for our work

I Funded by National Mission on Educationthrough ICT, MHRD, Government ofIndia

I http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro


Thanks

I [email protected] http://spoken-tutorial.org

/What is a spoken tutorial


Introduction to Scilab

Documents

Transcript of Introduction to Scilab