Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems - CA

8/11/2019 Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems - CA

1/10

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems - CA Author: David Burtt

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems - CA

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems Activity

System Costs and Incentives Activity

Question 1: System Costs and Incentives Question.Question ID#: 2648

Question 1: Currently, approximately what percentage of PV systems installed are residential systems?A: 40%.B: 50%.C: 70%.D: 95%.


Question 2: What is the approximate total installed cost of a system?

A: $1.00 / watt.B: $3.00 / watt.C: $7.00 / watt.D: $10.00 / watt.

Question 3: System Costs and Incentives QuestionQuestion ID#: 2650

Question 3: Using $7.00 / watt, how much would an installed 4000 watt PV system cost after deducting a 30%federal personal tax credit and a 35% personal state tax credit (for North Carolina)?

A: $32,000.B: $9,800.C: $8,400.D: $5,800.


Question 4: Using the DSIRE web site, which of the following states does NOT offer a personal tax credit?A: Oregon.

B: Alaska.C: Utah.D: Hawaii.

Expires: 12/31/2013 Page 1 2013 JADE Learning, Inc.


2/10



Question 5: Which of the following is a major advantage of using a PV system to generate electricity?A: Cost of the system.B: Ease of installation.C: Renewable energy source.

D: Use of DC electricity instead of AC electricity.

Photovoltaic Components and System Design Activity

Photovoltaic Components and System Design Activity (Continued)

Question 6: Photovoltaic Components and System Design Question.Question ID#: 2655

Question 6: Which of the following is NOT a type of PV cell?A: Mono-phosphorous.B: Multi-crystalline.C: Mono-crystalline.

D: Amorphous.


Question 7: Each PV cell produces approximately how many volts?A: .25 volt.B: .5 volt.C: 1 volt.D: 5 volts.


Question 8: In a regular direct grid-tied PV system, which of the following is true?A: If the grid goes down, the system stops producing power.B: If the grid goes down, the system provides power to the building.C: If the gird goes down, the inverter continues to store energy from the system.D: If the grid goes down, the modules stop converting sunlight.


Question 9: Which of the following components monitors the voltage supplied by the utility in a grid-tied



3/10


system?A: AC disconnect.B: DC diconnect.C: Inverter.D: Combiner box.

Question 10: Photovoltaic Components and System Design Question.

Question ID#: 2659

Question 10: What exactly does an inverter do?A: It converts a square wave to a sine wave.B: It converts DC electricity to AC electricity.C: It converts sunlight into DC electricity.D: It converts AC electricity to DC electricity.


Question 11: Microinverters would work best for which of the following?A: Solar farm with 500 or more modules.B: Commercial project with 100-150 modules.C: Residential project with 50-70 modules.D: Residential project with 10-15 modules.


Question 12: Which of the following would be the worst direction for a PV module to face?

A: South.B: Southwest.C: North.D: West.


Question 13: Which of the following is a measure of irradiance?A: 1,250 kilowatt-hours.

B: 895 watts / hour.C: 975 watts / square meter.D: 1,500 kilowatts.


Question 14: Standard Testing Conditions (STC) are:A: 1,000 watts / square meter, 25 C cell temperature, 1.5 ATM.B: 1,250 watts / square meter, 35 C cell temperature, 1.5 ATM.C: 1,000 watts / square meter, 35 C cell temperature, 2.0 ATM.

D: 1,000 watts / square meter, 20 C cell temperature, 1.0 ATM.

Question 15: Photovoltaic Components and System Design Question.



4/10


Question ID#: 2664

Question 15: The I-V curve demonstrates the relationship between:A: Irradiance and visibility.B: Current and Irradiance.C: Current and Voltage.D: Standard testing conditions.


Question 16: If a module has an Imp (rated maximum operating current) of 9 amps and a Vmp (rated maximumoperating voltage) of 20 volts, what is the Mpp (maximum power point/rated power)?A: 150 watts.B: 180 watts.C: 29 watts.D: 209 watts.


Question 17: If the light intensity increases from 800 watts / square meter to 1,100 watts / square meter andcell temperature remains the same, what will happen to the energy output of a module?A: It will go up.B: It will go down.C: It will stay the same.D: It will spike and then return to the normal output.

Question 18: Photovoltaic Components and System Design Question. Question ID#: 2667

Question 18: If everything else stays the same, which cell temperature will allow the module to produce themost amount of energy?A: 35 C (95 F).B: 45 C (113 F).C: 55 C (131 F).D: 65 C (149 F).


Question 19: To take advantage of the most peak sun hours in a day, which technology would you use?A: Fixed latitude tilt.B: Fixed latitude + 50 tilt.C: Single axis tracking.D: Dual axis tracking.


Question 20: There are many methods available for mounting a PV system. Which of the following is NOT amounting method?



5/10


A: Pole mount.B: Ground mount.C: HIPV.D: Wall mount.

Installing a System - Background Activity

Question 21: Installing a System - Background Question.Question ID#: 2671

Question 21: You have 10 modules wired in series, and each one is rated 25 volts and 7 amps. What will thetotal voltage of your system be?A: 25 volts.B: 250 volts.

C: 70 volts.D: 175 volts.


Question 22: You have a string of 10 modules wired in series, and each one is rated 25 volts and 7 amps. Youhave a total of 5 strings combined in parallel. What will the total amperage of your system be?A: 7 amps.B: 35 amps.C: 50 amps.

D: 125 amps.


Question 23: You have 40 modules that you would like to use. Each one is rated at 200 watts, 22 volts, and 9amps. What is the best way to wire the system so that the array will stay within a 300 - 500 volt inverter inputvoltage window?A: 2 strings of 20 modules.B: 3 strings of 13 modules.C: 4 strings of 10 modules.

D: 5 strings of 8 modules.


Question 24: Which part of PV system wiring should be installed last, after wiring the modules together?A: Connecting the PV power source by completing the circuit.B: Wiring the DC disconnect to the inverter.C: Wiring the inverter to the AC disconnect.D: Wiring modules together, positive to positive.




6/10


7/10


Question 30: Which of the following wire types are used to connect PV modules?A: PV wire or USE-2.B: RHW-2 or THHN.C: XHHW or PV wire.D: RHW-2 or RHH.

Question 31: 7 kW System Design - Array Question.

Question ID#: 2682

Question 31: Which of the following is true about connectors on PV modules?A: They must be labeled "Sunlight Resistant".B: They must be a latching or locking type.C: They cannot be a latching or locking type.D: They must contain the marking: "AC Source Circuits."

Question 32: 7 kW System Design - Array Question.Question ID#: 2683

Question 32: Which of the following does NOT affect wire sizing?A: Location.B: Continuous duty.C: Voltage drop.D: Cell type.


Question 33: Which of the following is the multiplier used to account for irradiance when sizing PV circuit

conductors?A: 1.16.B: 1.25.C: 1.56.D: 1.78.


Question 34: The 2011 NEC requires that the disconnecting means be within sight of the location of the fuseor integral with fuse holder. Which of the following pieces of equipment has been developed to deal with this

issue?A: Bipolar PV modules.B: Combiner box with integrated disconnect.C: DC disconnect.D: AFCI protection device.


Question 35: Inside a building, wiring cannot be installed within 10 inches of the roof decking unless:

A: It is in metal raceways.B: It is directly below PV modules or associated equipment.C: It is routed along a structural member like a beam.D: The roof is brand new or less than 2 years old.



8/10


9/10


Question 41: 7 kW System Design - Signage Question.Question ID#: 2693

Question 41: Which of the following is required if a building has both a utility service and a PV system?A: A permanent plaque or directory identifying the location of each power source disconnecting means.B: The contact information for the PV installer.C: The nameplate rating of the inverter.

D: A label with the location of the AC disconnecting means.


Question 42: A warning label applied by the _________ must be on the utility-interactive inverter stating thefollowing: WARNING ELECTRIC SHOCK HAZARD--- IF A GROUND FAULT IS INDICATED, NORMALLYGROUNDED CONDUCTORS MAY BE UNGROUNDED AND ENERGIZED.A: Home owner.B: Inspector.

C: Installer.D: Power company.


Question 43: PV power source conductors must be marked with which of the following phrases?A: Photovoltaic Power Source.B: Photovoltaic DC Wiring.C: Photovoltaic Conductors.D: Source Circuit Wiring.


Question 44: A permanent label must be applied by the installer at the PV DC power source disconnect andmust indicate all of the following EXCEPT:A: The rated maximum power point current and voltage.B: The maximum system voltage.C: The short circuit current.D: The number of modules wired in series.


Question 45: PV systems with Ground Fault protection shall have a label stating the following (generallylocated at the inverter):A: WARNING ELECTRIC SHOCK HAZARD.B: WARNING ELECTRIC SHOCK HAZARD IF A GROUND FAULT IS INDICATED, NORMALLY GROUNDEDCONDUCTORS MAY BE UNGROUNDED AND ENERGIZED.C: WARNING ELECTRIC SHOCK HAZARD - LINE AND LOAD MAY BE ENERGIZED IN OPEN POSITION.D: THIS PANEL FED BY MULTIPLE SOURCES WHICH INCLUDE GROUND FAULT PROTECTION.



10/10


Grounding Activity

Question 46: Grounding Question.Question ID#: 2699

Question 46: A(n) ____________________ must be installed between a photovoltaic array and otherequipment.A: Equipment grounding conductor.B: Grounded conductor.C: Main bonding jumper.D: System bonding jumper.


Question 47: Equipment grounding conductors for PV circuits having overcurrent protection must be sized to

the rating of the PV circuit overcurrent device in accordance with ________.A: 250.121.B: 250.52.C: Table 250.122.D: Table 250.66.


Question 48: The DC Grounding Electrode Conductor is sized in accordance with _______.A: 250.122.B: 250.166.C: 250.121.D: 250.66.


Question 49: Where exposed and subject to physical damage, array equipment grounding conductors smallerthan _______ AWG must be protected by a raceway or cable armor.A: #10.B: #8.C: #6.D: #4.


Question 50: Which of the following statements about system grounding for PV systems is true?A: The PV grounding system and the utility AC system should be kept separateB: The PV grounding system and the utility AC system should be bonded together.C: The PV grounding system is required to have a separate grounding electrode.D: The PV grounding system cannot have a separate grounding electrode.

Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems - CA

Documents

Transcript of Introduction to Photovoltaic Systems - CA