Introduction to Management Information Systems Lecture 1: Why IS Matter – Introductory thoughts...
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Transcript of Introduction to Management Information Systems Lecture 1: Why IS Matter – Introductory thoughts...
Introduction to Management Information
SystemsLecture 1: Why IS Matter – Introductory thoughts and
goalsJ.-S. Rayson Chou, P.E., Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
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Agenda
1. Define and understand the term Information Systems (IS)
2. Explain the technology, people, and organizational components of information systems
3. Describe the types of jobs and career opportunities in information systems and related fields
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Agenda (Cont’d)
4. Describe the various types of information systems
5. Describe the dual nature of information systems in the success and future of modern organizations
6. Understand and plan for the future of managing IS
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What are Information Systems?
- A combination of technical components - Built and used by people to collect, create, and
distribute useful data - Used typically in organizational settings but are
evolving for personal use
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Information Systems Components: Data
InformationSystems
InformationSystems
HardwareHardware TelecommunicationsTelecommunications
PeoplePeopleDataData
SoftwareSoftware
• The raw inputs for entry into information systems
• Organized, processed and stored by an IS to support user information needs
• Provides basis for qualitative/quantitative analysis
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Information Systems Components: Hardware
InformationSystems
InformationSystems
HardwareHardware TelecommunicationsTelecommunications
PeoplePeopleDataData
SoftwareSoftware
• The physical components of information systems
• Hardware components include processors, input and output devices, and storage devices (Pentium 4)
• Typical configurations based on application include micro, mid-range, mainframe, and super computers
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Information Systems Components: Software
InformationSystems
InformationSystems
HardwareHardware TelecommunicationsTelecommunications
PeoplePeopleDataData
SoftwareSoftware
• The instructions that operate the information system
• System software controls the hardware (WindowsXP)
• Application software allows user tasks to perform specific tasks to increased productivity (MS Word)
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Information Systems Components:
Telecommunications
InformationSystems
InformationSystems
HardwareHardware TelecommunicationsTelecommunications
PeoplePeopleDataData
SoftwareSoftware
• The communication mechanism of information systems
• Allows two or more computers to communicate (Internet)
• Utilizes standard protocols for IS communication
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People: Levels of the Organization
• Management Information Systems
• Executive Information Systems
• Decision Support Systems (both levels)
• Transaction Processing Systems
• Functional Area Information Systems (Across all levels within a function)
• Expert Systems
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Information System Is A System
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Information Society Evolution: Periods of Change
Agricultural Industrial
(Prior to 1890’s) (1890’s to 1960’s)
Informational
(1960’s to Present)
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Information Society Evolution: Terms and Issues
New Economy (Wired Magazine - Late 1990s)• Similar to “knowledge society” but more descriptive• Describes a society where people use their brains more
than their hands in their work and personal lives • Where communications technology and other IT systems
will create global competition for all products and services• Other names: Digital Economy, Network Era, Internet Era
New Economy (Wired Magazine - Late 1990s)• Similar to “knowledge society” but more descriptive• Describes a society where people use their brains more
than their hands in their work and personal lives • Where communications technology and other IT systems
will create global competition for all products and services• Other names: Digital Economy, Network Era, Internet Era
1960 2000
Information Society
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Digital Economy – “New” Economy
• E-Business: The use of electronic technologies to transact business.
• Collaboration: People and Organizations interact, communicate, collaborate and search for information
• Information Exchange: Storing, processing and transmission of information.
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Digital Business
Your Domain/URL
Internet
POS
Appliance ServerStore 3
PCThin Client
Appliance
On-line Multi-station Store
Net Appliance
Store 1
On-lineSingle-station Store
On-line CustomersConsumer & Business
Commercial
E-commerce
Hub
AccountingPhone OrdersMail Orders
Order Fulfillment
STARS
Thin ClientThin Client
In-house operations
PCPC
PC
Purchasing
On-line Salesperson
Linux Credit Card Approval
Apache Server
Cold Fusion
Sybase ASE Database
Linux SSL
Apache Server
Beacon Hill's Stars
Tarentella
SCO UnixLinuxUnix
Business to BusinessServer
E-Commerce Server
Windows 2000
Offi ce Suite Video Conferencing
Server
IP Address 1
IP Address 2
IP Address 3
STARS
Networks
Internet
Telecommunications
ConsumerIn-office
Field Sales
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The Old Economy – Taking Photo’s
1. Buy film in a store2. Load your camera3. Take pictures4. Take roll of film to store for processing5. Pickup the film when ready6. Select specific photos for enlargement7. Mail to family and friends
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The New Economy – Taking Photo’s
• 1st Generation Digital Photography– Old economy except 6 and 7 were replaced
by using a scanner and emailing
• 2nd Generation Digital Photography– Use a Digital Camera, no film, no processing.
• 3rd Generation Digital Photography– Your Digital Camera is now your mobile
phone, in your binoculars or a palmtop computer.
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Forms of TechnologyTechnology – any mechanical and/or electrical means to supplement, extend, or replace human manual operations Examples: building heating/cooling systems, car brakes, etc.
Information Technology – any machine technology that is controlled by or uses information for operationExample: a programmable industrial robot receiving instructions from a computer-based database
Computer- based Information Systems – any computer-based technology that provides information for use by persons or machines to make decisions or control processes Example: Software that controls CD burning hardware
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Information Systems: Turn Data into Information
Data Information• Raw material• Unformatted information• Generally has no context
Examples
• Processed material• Formatted information• Data given context
Individual time cards for factory workers entered into the payroll system
Department Labor Report, Project Status Report, Employee Payroll Checks
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Computer Based Information System
• Hardware• Software• Data• Network• Procedures• People
Hardware
Software
PeopleDataApplicationApplication
More than hardware More than hardware and software and software
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Typical Careers in Information Systems
Careers in information systems require high technical competence and generally pay well
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