Introduction to islamic finance
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Transcript of Introduction to islamic finance
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Zubair MughalChief Executive Officer
AlHuda : Centre of Islamic Banking & Economics
Editor in Chief.Islamic Banking and Finance News , True Banking.
An Introduction to
Islamic Banking & Finance
Outline of Presentation
Introduction to Islamic Banking Riba ( Interest ) Difference between Islamic & Conventional Banking Product of Islamic Banking. Progress of Islamic Banking in Pakistan Islamic Banking Worldwide Worldwide.
Islam
Aqidah(Faith & Belief)
Shariah(Practices & Activities)
Akhlaq(Morality & Ethics)
IBADAT(Man to God Worship)
Muamalat(Man to Man Activities)
Political Activities Economic Activities Social Activities
Banking & Financial Activities
Islam and Shariah
Sources of Fiq’h in Islam (Islamic Finance)
Quran
Sunnah
Ijtehad / Qiyas
Ijama’e Ummah
Basic Difference between Islamic and Conventional Banking
ConventionalBank Client
Money
Money + Money(interest)
Bank ClientGoods & Services
money
Islamic Banking
Riba in Quran
“... God has permitted trade and forbidden interest...”(Sura Al-Baqara 2:275)
Fulfillment of Financial Needs
Own Capital Others’ Capital
Equity Financing Debt Financing
• Murabahah• Ijarah•Salam & Istisna etc
• Musharakah• Modarabahah• Other Products
Human Financial Needs
Debt MarketEquity Market
Bai’ al-Istisna’ (Sale on Order)
Bai’ al-Salam (Commodity Sale)
Al-Ijarah (Leasing)Others
Bai’ al-Murabaha
(Cost Plus Profit Sale)
Al-Musharakah (Joint Venture Profit Sharing)
Al-Bai’ Bithaman (Mu)Ajil (Deferred Installment Sale)
Al-Mudarabah
(Trustee Profit Sharing)
Uqud al-Muawadhat
(Deferred Contracts of Exchange)
Uqud al-Ishtirak
(Contracts of Profit Sharing )
Debt FinancingEquity Financing
External (Equity & Debt) Financing
PRODUCT TREE
Islamic Banking Modes
Trade Based Modes
Partnership Based Modes
Rental Based Modes
Musharaka(Joint Venture Profit Sharing )
Mudaraba( Trustee Profit Sharing)
Murabaha(Cost Plus Profit Sale)
Musawama(Bargain sale )
Salam(Commodity Sale)
Istisna(Sale on Order)
Ijarah ( Leasing )
Diminishing Musharaka( Transfer of Ownership)
ONUS SHIFTS!!
Customer to Halal Restaurant Owner
Halal Restaurant Owner to Halal Meat Supplier
Halal Meat Supplier to Halal Abattoir / Butcher
Customer to Islamic Banker
Islamic Banker to Shariah Scholars
Industry Progress in Pakistan
6 Full fledge Banks having 239 and 12 Conventional Banks have 167 SAIBBS and 10 Sub Branches till 1st January , 09
Total IB Branches = 519
Year 2001
•Meezan Bank•Al Baraka
•Meezan Bank•Al Baraka•MCB•Alfalah•SCB•Bank AlHabib•Habib AG Zur.•Metropolitan•Bank of Khyber•Soneri Bank
2002 2003
•Meezan Bank•Al Baraka•MCB
•Meezan Bank•Al Baraka•MCB•Alfalah
2 10
2007 - 09
•Meezan Bank (161) •Al Baraka (30) •MCB (8) •Alfalah(40) •SCB (11) •Bank AlHabib(4 ) •HMB(4) •Bank of Khyber(16) •Soneri Bank ( 5) •HBL(1) •Bank Islami(102) •DIB (25) •EGIBL (40) • Dawood(21) •NBP(5) •RBS (3) •Askari(18) •UBL (5)
2004 - 06
1843
Industry Progress & Mkt. Share
174870150289519**No. of Branches
379121212*Conventional Banks with Islamic Banking Branches
122666*Full Fledge Islamic Banks
0.5%1.3%1.8%2.4%3.6%4.7%%age of Banking Industry
10304872166185Financing. & Invest.
0.4%1.2%1.9%2.8%4.1%5.2 %%age of Banking Industry
8305083169198Deposits
0.5%1.4%2.1%2.9%4.2%5.3 %%age of Banking Industry
134472118235271Total Assets
Dec-03Dec-0
4Dec-05Dec-0
6Dec-0
7Dec-08
@Description
(Rs. in Bn)
City - Wise Breakup
City - Wise Breakup
Industry Progress in Pakistan
Islamic products and services offered by 300+ Financial Institutions around the world
.
United States: 20- Al Manzil Financial Services- American Finance House- Failaka Investments- HSBC - Ameen Housing Cooperative
Germany:4- Bank Sepah- Commerz Bank- Deutsche BankSwitzerland: 6
UK: 26- HSBC Amanah Finance - Al Baraka International Ltd- Takafol UK Ltd- The Halal Mutual Investment Company- J Aron & Co Ltd (Goldman Sachs)
Bahrain: 26 - Bahrain Islamic Bank- Al Baraka- ABC Islamic Bank - CitiIslamic Investment Bank
Malaysia: 492 - Pure Islamic Banks (Bank Islam, Bank Muamalat)Rest - conventional banks
Saudi Arabia: 17- Al Rajhi - SAMBA- Saudi Hollandi - Riyadh Bank
UAE: 13- Dubai Islamic Bank- Abu Dhabi Islamic Bank- HSBC Amanah
Qatar: 4- Qatar Islamic Bank- Qatar International Islamic
Kuwait: 9- Kuwait Finance House
Iran: 8
Egypt: 12- Alwatany Bank of Egypt- Egyptian Saudi Finance
Indonesia: 4
Sudan: 9
Pakistan: 21India: 3Bangladesh:9
Turkey: 7- Faisal Finance Institution- Ihlas Finance House
Yemen: 5
International Overview
The size of Islamic Financial Industry has reached US$ 300 Bln. and its
growing annually @ 15% per anum.
70 countries have Islamic Banking Institutions
37 Muslim countries including Bahrain, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia,
Brunei and Pakistan
34 non-Muslim countries including USA, UK, Canada, Switzerland,
South Africa and Australia
International Overview
Leading foreign Banks have opened Islamic
Banking windows or subsidiaries such as:
• Standard Chartered Bank
• Citibank
• HSBC
• ABN AMRO
• UBS
International Overview
In Feb 1999, Dow Jones introduced the Dow Jones Islamic
Market Index (DJIM) of 600 companies world wide whose
business complies with Islamic Shariah laws
At present there are more than 105 Islamic Funds operational
through out the world with a total fund base of over USD 3.50
billion
International Overview
Governments of Bahrain ,Malaysia and now Pakistan have
issued Islamic Bonds (Sukuk) in order to facilitate Islamic Banks
in managing their liquidity.
Issuance of these bonds has also paved the way for Shariah
compliant Government borrowings
International Overview
Institutions like Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic
Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) and Islamic Finance Services Board
(IFSB) have been formed.
These institutions are playing a key role in setting up and standardizing
Shariah , Financial and Accounting standards for Islamic Financial
Institutions.
Due to these collective efforts Islamic banking is now recognized by
IMF, World Bank and Basel Committee.
Encourage asset-based financing and based on commodity trading & Services
Based on money trading. Money is a medium of exchange and not a commodity
Partners, investor and traders, buyer or seller relationship
Creditor-Debtor relationship
Aim at maximising profit but subject to Sharia'h restrictions
Aim at maximising profit without any restrictions
Promote risk-sharing between provider of capital (investor) and user of funds (entrepreneurs)
Investor is assured of pre-determined rate of interest
Functions and operations are based on Sharia’h principles
Functions and operations are based on fully man made principles
Islamic banking Conventional banking
Deal in ZakatDo not Deal in Zakat ( Non Muslim Countries )
Islamic banks have no provision to charge any extra money from the defaulters
It can charge additional money in case of defaulters
No right of profit if there is no risk involved.
It is almost risk free banking and depositor has no risk of losing its money because interest is guaranteed.
Islamic banking Conventional banking
Thank You.