INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DAT10503. Introduction LECTURER: PUAN ROSFUZAH ROSLAN ROOM...
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Transcript of INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DAT10503. Introduction LECTURER: PUAN ROSFUZAH ROSLAN ROOM...
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INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
DAT10503
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Introduction
LECTURER: PUAN ROSFUZAH ROSLANROOM NO: A-004-04OFFICE TELEPHONE NO: 07-4538269H/P NO: 016-7256485E-MAIL: [email protected]
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MODULE – compulsory!RM16.00
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HOW DO YOU FEEL TODAY?
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Rules for Class Attendance:Legitimate excuses for missing class
– I was injured and was taken to the hospital (and here is the note from the doctor/paramedic/ambulance driver)
– I was sick (and here is the note from the Dean/doctor) – I am on the verge of a nervous breakdown (and here is the note
from the Dean/licensed mental health care professional) – I play competitive sports and will be away that day for a match
(and here is a note from UTHM sports administration)– My dorm room flooded/burned down/fell over in an earthquake
(and here is the notice from the newspaper/the Dean/the Fire Marshal/the Army Corps of Engineers)
– A close relative was very sick/injured/dying/dead so I had to fly out of town (and here is the notice from my family/the Dean/the hospital/the funeral home)
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Dress Code
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Test your understanding
• What is a computer?• Give the definition of data, information
and information technology.
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Objectives
• Define the term data, information & IT• Explain the information processing cycle• Distinguish between input, output, system
unit, storage & communication device• Explain on the revolution of computer &
programming language• Categorize different types of computer
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– Electronic device that accept data, process the data according to specified rules, produce results and store the results for future use.
What is a Computer?
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Definition
Data - Collection of unprocessed itemsInformation - Processed dataInformation Technology - Methods & techniques used in information handling and retrieval by automatic means
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Data, Process & Information
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Information Processing Cycle
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Components of a Computer
–Input devices–Output devices–System unit–Storage devices–Communication device
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Video – Parts of a Personal Computer (PC)
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Input Devices• Any hardware that allows you to enter data &
instructions
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Output Devices
• Any hardware that conveys information to one or more people
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System Unit
• A case that contains electronic components used to process data.
• Two main components on motherboard:– Processor– Memory
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Storage Devices
• Holds data, instructions & information for future use.
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Communication Device
• Hardware component that enables a computer to send & receive data, instructions & information.
MOdulator DEModulatorA modem is a communications device that can be either internal or external to your computer. It allows one computer to connect another computer and transfer data over telephone lines
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Advantages of Using Computers
• Speed – process billions or trillions operations in a single second
• Reliability – rarely break or fail• Consistency – GIGO (Garbage In Garbage Out)• Storage – store data for future use• Communications – communicate with other
computers, often wirelessly
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Disadvantages of Using Computer• Violation of privacy – personal & confidential records
were not protected• Public safety – do not share information that would
allow others to identify & locate you• Labor force – companies outsource jobs to foreign
countries• Health risks – prolonged or improper computer use
will cause injuries (hands, wrists, elbows, eyes, neck)• Environment – computers discarded in landfills,
release toxic materials
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Revolution of Computer• Abacus
– Used for +, -, *, /
• Al-Khasi Calculating Machine– Used to calculate lunar eclipse, the longitude of
moon, sun & planet.
• Pascal Calculating Machine– Blaise Pascal
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Revolution of Computer
• Leibnitz Calculating Machine– Can be used to perform * and /
• Babbage Analytical Machine– Introduced by Babbage – Cannot be completed
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Revolution of Computer
• Hollerith Punch Machine– Created by Dr Herman Hollerith– Used to process the census in US
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Computer Programming Language• A programming language is a formal language designed to
communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer.
• Programming languages can be used to create programs that control the behavior of a machine and/or to express algorithms precisely.
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Revolution of Programming Language
• Two types:– Low level language
• Machine language• Assembly language
– High level language• Procedural language• 4GL
Swap: lw $t0, 0($a0) # t0 gets num1 lw $t1, 0($a1) # t1 gets num2
sw $t0, 0($a1) # num2 gets t0 sw $t1, 0($a0) # num1 gets t1
jr $ra
0010 1010 0001 11010011 1100 1010 11110101 0110 1101 01011101 1111 0010 1001
#include<stdio.h>
int main() {printf(“Welcome to Intro to IT Class");return 0; }SELECT customer_state,
COUNT(customer_id) As totalFROM customersGROUP BY customer_stateHAVING COUNT(customer_id) > 5
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Categories of Computers
• Personal computer
• Mobile computer & mobile devices
• Game consoles
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Categories of Computers
• Servers-responds to requests across a computer network to provide, or help
to provide, a network service. Servers can be run on a dedicated computer, which is also often referred to as "the server", but many networked
computers are capable of hosting servers.
• Mainframes-Mainframes are designed to handle very
high volume input and output (I/O) and emphasize throughput computing.Computers used primarily by corporate and governmental organizations for critical applications, bulk data processing such as census, industry and consumer statistics,
enterprise resource planning, and transaction processing.
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Categories of Computers
• Supercomputers• Supercomputers are often purpose-built for one or a very few specific institutional tasks (E.g. Simulation and Modeling).
• Embedded computers
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THE END