Introduction to Government. The “Preamble” “We the People of the United States, in Order to...
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Transcript of Introduction to Government. The “Preamble” “We the People of the United States, in Order to...
Introduction to Introduction to GovernmentGovernment
The “Preamble”The “Preamble”
““We the People of the United States, We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility [peace], provide domestic Tranquility [peace], provide for the common defence, promote for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity [future generations], do our Posterity [future generations], do ordain and establish this Constitution ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.”for the United States of America.”
DemocracyDemocracy Word is from ancient Greek words Word is from ancient Greek words
demosdemos, meaning the people, and , meaning the people, and kratiakratia, meaning authority., meaning authority.
Citizen is any member of a political Citizen is any member of a political system in which the people have a system in which the people have a voice in their government.voice in their government.
A person who is not a U.S. citizen by A person who is not a U.S. citizen by birth can become a citizen through birth can become a citizen through the process of Naturalization the process of Naturalization
A government that is shaped by what A government that is shaped by what the people believe and what the the people believe and what the people do is called people do is called popular popular sovereigntysovereignty..
Government is a Government is a social institutionsocial institution that is created to hold the society that is created to hold the society together. together.
It does so by using informal rules and It does so by using informal rules and formal rules to govern society.formal rules to govern society.
Constitution of the United StatesConstitution of the United States
Separation of PowersSeparation of Powers – Divided – Divided into 3 branches: Judicial, Executive into 3 branches: Judicial, Executive and Legislativeand Legislative
FederalismFederalism – sharing of powers – sharing of powers between the national government between the national government and the state governmentand the state government
BicameralBicameral – Legislative branch is – Legislative branch is divided into 2 sub-categories: Senate divided into 2 sub-categories: Senate and House of Representativesand House of Representatives
U.S Government compared to U.S Government compared to Georgia State GovernmentGeorgia State Government
Executive Branch: Executive Branch: PresidentPresident 4-year 4-year term; term; Vice-PresidentVice-President – elected 4-year term– elected 4-year term
Legislative Branch Legislative Branch (Congress): (Congress): Senate Senate 6-6-year term; year term; HouseHouse 2- 2-year termyear term
Judicial Branch (9 Judicial Branch (9 Supreme Court Judges): Supreme Court Judges): Appointed for life by Appointed for life by the president with the president with Senate confirmationSenate confirmation
Executive Branch: Executive Branch: GovernorGovernor 4-year 4-year term; term; Lt. Governor Lt. Governor 4-4-year termyear term
Legislative Branch Legislative Branch (General Assembly): (General Assembly): SenateSenate 2-year term; 2-year term; HouseHouse 2 –year term 2 –year term
Judicial Branch: Judicial Branch: Elected 4- or 6-year Elected 4- or 6-year termsterms
Checks and BalancesChecks and Balances
Distribution of PowersDistribution of Powers
Powers Reserved Powers Reserved to the National to the National GovernmentGovernment
Shared PowersShared Powers Powers Reserved Powers Reserved to the Statesto the States
Authority to issue coins and Authority to issue coins and paper moneypaper money
Declaration of WarDeclaration of War
Set up a Post OfficeSet up a Post Office
Establish rules for CitizenshipEstablish rules for Citizenship
Power to regulate business Power to regulate business between statesbetween states
Make treaties with other Make treaties with other nationsnations
Maintain an army and navyMaintain an army and navy
Other powers that Congress Other powers that Congress deems “necessary and deems “necessary and proper”proper”
Power to levy (set) and collect Power to levy (set) and collect taxestaxes
Establish courtsEstablish courts
Regulate public utilities,Regulate public utilities,
Take property for public useTake property for public use
Build highwaysBuild highways
Define crimesDefine crimes
Create local governmentsCreate local governments
Regulate marriage and Regulate marriage and divorcedivorce
Operate public schools and Operate public schools and collegescolleges
License occupations and License occupations and businessesbusinesses
Conduct electionsConduct elections
Regulate political partiesRegulate political parties
Protect persons and propertyProtect persons and property
Regulate traffic on public Regulate traffic on public roadsroads
Police powerPolice power: pass laws to : pass laws to protect public health, morals, protect public health, morals, safety and welfare safety and welfare
Political PartiesPolitical PartiesDEMOCRATDEMOCRAT REPUBLICANREPUBLICAN
SymbolSymbol DonkeyDonkey ElephantElephant
PhilosophyPhilosophy LiberalLiberal ConservativeConservative
Economic Economic IssuesIssues
Favor Favor minimum minimum wages and wages and progressive progressive taxation i.e. taxation i.e. higher tax higher tax rates for rates for higher income higher income brackets brackets
Believe taxes Believe taxes shouldn't be shouldn't be increased for increased for anyone anyone (including the (including the wealthy) and wealthy) and that wages that wages should reflect should reflect free market. free market.
Political PartiesPolitical PartiesDEMOCRATDEMOCRAT REPUBLICANREPUBLICAN
Military IssuesMilitary Issues Decreased Decreased spendingspending
Increased Increased spendingspending
Death PenaltyDeath Penalty Support for the Support for the death penalty is death penalty is strong among strong among democrats but democrats but opponents are a opponents are a substantial substantial fraction. fraction.
A large majority A large majority of Republicans of Republicans support the support the death penalty. death penalty.
Social and Social and Human IdeasHuman Ideas
Community and Community and social social responsibility responsibility based based
Individual rights Individual rights and justice and justice based based