Introduction to Genetics
-
Upload
vanessa-celine-gabaldon -
Category
Technology
-
view
777 -
download
3
description
Transcript of Introduction to Genetics
INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS
By:Samantha Rose BernardoVanessa Celine Gabaldon
AAPD2F
What is Genetics? It is the science that deals with the study
of heredity and variation. GENETICS came from the word gen,
genetikos meaning generative and genesis meaning beginning.
HEREDITY: transmission of traits from parent to offspring.
VARIATION: similarities and differences
SCIENTISTS WHO CONTRIBUTED TO
GENETICS
CHARLES DARWIN
Idea of natural evolutionOrigin of Species Pangenesis Theory
also contributed in Pangenesis Theorygemmules
ARISTOTLE
Father of modern Genetics
He used Pisum Sativum (Graden Pea) in his study.
There are 7 characteristics of pea in his study
LAW: Mendelian Laws of Inheritance (Law of Segragation and Independent Assortment)
GREGOR MENDEL
WHO DUPLICATED THE WORK OF MENDEL
(1900)
CARL CORRENS
HUGO DE VRIES
ERICH VON ISCHERMAK
FRIEDRICH MIESCHER
He said that within the chromosomes, there is weak acid.
WILLIAM HENRY SUTTON
Affiliated the behavior of chromosomes to the genes.
SCIENTISTS WHO CONFIRMED DNA
OSWALD AVERY
COLIN MUNRO MACLEOD
MACLYN McCARTY
ROSALIND FRANKLIN
Gave an idea that the structure of DNA is a helical structure.
SCOPE AND BRANCHES
CYTOGENETICSScience that deals with the physical basic of
heredity (cell)
MOLECULAR GENETICSChemical basis of heredity
Newest and most advanced field of Genetics
BRANCHES OF MOLECULAR GENETICS
GENOMICS Study of genes of an organism
PROTEONICS study of proteins coming from DNA replication.
CLASSICAL GENETICS Study of analysis of offspring to mating (parents to
offspring)
POPULATION GENETICS Deals with the transmission of trait with a large group
of individual through a passage of time.
BEHAVIORAL GENETICSStudy of behavior of an organism.
BEHAVIORAL GENETICS
Study of behavior of an organism.
METHODS OF GENETIC STUDY1. Pedigree Analysis Transmission of trait through the use of
pedigree. Pictorial representation
2. Karyotyping Detect chromosomal abnormality karyogram/ karyotype (pictorial
representation of chromosomes)
3. Planned Experimental BreedingDominant trait- can be seen and
manifested trait.Recessive- hidden traitHomozygous- two identical allelesHeterozygous- two unidentical alleles
4. Twin Study Study of twins
Kinds of Twins:Praternal- Dizygotic twinIdentical- Monozygotic twinConcordance twin(praternal)-
possess a trait or do not or bothDisconcordance(identical)- if one
possesses the other is not.
5. Statistical AnalysisMake use of several dataUse for population data
Null Negative guess
Alternative Positive guess
2 Kinds of Hypothesis
GENETIC ENGINEERING
Key factor for biotechnologyCome up with a desirable traitManipulating a certain trait
APPLICATION OF GENETICS
1. Field of Medicine2. Agriculture/Food Production/Industry3. Legal Application4. Genetic Counseling5. Genetic Code
The End