Introduction to Fuji Barium Ferrite Technology

FUJIFILM Confidential

Introduction to Fujif i lm’s Introduction to Fujif i lm’s

Barium Ferrite TechnologyBarium Ferrite Technology

December 2012

FUJIFILM Recording Media


“Management of exponential data growth continues to be one of the greatest challenges for IT managers in light of shrinking IT budgets and environmental concerns. Tape storage is indeed alive and is the key to success in meeting the data growth challenge in a reliable, cost effective and environmentally safe manner.”

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Nate ShibataGeneral Manager Recording Media Products Div.

FUJIFILM Corporation

Tape is the Key to Success


Increasing archival data.Tape’s advantage over HDD.Fujifilm’s leadership in Tape industry.Core technology “NANOCUBIC”.About Barium Ferrite.

- 3 advantages of Barium Ferrite. - 4 features of Barium Ferrite. - How the 4 features contribute to the 3 advantages.

Summary

Contents

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FUJIFILM Confidential 4

35ZB = 35,000,000PB

Data Explosion


-

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Amount of data archived is estimated to increase by more than 50% each year.

Unit: Petabytes

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Source: TSR report

Amount of Data Archived Worldwide


-

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Estimated amount of data archived on tape. Approximately 30% of data stored are and will be put on tape.

Unit: Petabytes

Source: ESG report

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Amount of Data Stored on Tape


0102030405060708090

100

Data access frequency decreases with the passage of time. In general, 70%~80% of data is rarely accessed again.Should this remain on disk?

Graph of t ime after data created vs data access frequency

Dat

a ac

cess

fre

quen

cy (%

)

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Source: TSR report

The Reality of Data


Studies show that…

the total cost of ownership of LTO5 tape system is 15X less than disk for long term data archives while disk

consumes 238X more energy to store the same amount of data.

Tape’s Advantage over HDD

Source: The Clipper Group


Tape VS HDD Archive cost comparison　 eg) Data amount increase from 3PB to 88PB in 12 year archive.

Cost (M

illion US$)

Source: Clipper Notes, December 23, 2010

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Reasons why People use Tape

1) Cost Benefit

0.00

20.00

40.00

60.00

80.00

Tape HDD

Running/ cool ing energy costSpace (area) costHardw are/ Media Maint ainance



2) Further Advantages of Tape

Greater capacity with potential density increases. Ease of removability.Ease of scalability. Supports WORM (Write Once Read Many). Supports encryption. LTFS (Linear Tape File Systems).

Tape system have further advantages such as below.It is truely the ideal solution for long term data storage, now and in the future.


Tape VS HDD Recording Density Growth

Tape

Hard Disk

CY

0.1

1

10

100

1000

2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018

Are

al　

Rec

ordi

ng　

Den

sity

[Gbp

si]

BF1

BF2

MP’s limit

100%/y

GMR→TMR

LMR→PMR 40 ％ / ｙ

20 ％ / ｙ

LMR 　limit

PMR 　 limit

L5L4

L3

L2

L1

BaFeMP

LTO Roadmap

T10KC

T10KA

T10KB

ATOMM

NANOCUBIC BaFeNANOCUBIC MP

HDDTape DemoLTOT10K

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<Tape / Disk comparison>

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Summary


FUJIFILMThe true leader of Tape Technology - Our Presence in the industry. - History of Tape. - Core technology NANOCUBIC.

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We managed to maintain the highest manufacturing share of approximately 50% through CY12 Q3.

50% 50%FUJ IFILMOt h e r s

LTO Manufacturing Share (CY 12 Q3)

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　 Source ：SCCG


16.4%

7.6%

3.7%

6.8%

2.5%

5.5%

8.2%

17.4%

32.0% HP

Fujifilm

IBM

Quantum

Maxell

Sony

TDK

Imation

Other

FUJIFILM 　 Source ：SCCG

LTO share by brand (CY 12 Q3)

Fujifilm brand has the largest share among media manufactures’ brand and is 2nd position in total after HP brand.

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19561956 First successful computer “FUJIC” made in Japan First successful computer “FUJIC” made in Japan

19651965 First memory tape made in JapanFirst memory tape made in Japan

19771977 First f loppy disk made in JapanFirst f loppy disk made in Japan

19941994 ATOMM Technology AnnouncementATOMM Technology Announcement

20002000 World’s first qualif ied LTO Ultrium 1 World’s f irst qualif ied LTO Ultrium 1

20012001 NANOCUBIC Technology AnnouncementNANOCUBIC Technology Announcement

20062006 FUJIFILM Technology (BaFe) contributed IBM demo of Worlds f irst Mult iple Terabyte storageFUJIFILM Technology (BaFe) contributed IBM demo of Worlds f irst Mult iple Terabyte storage

20102010 Joint Announcement about 35TB Tape with IBMLTO Ultrium 5 released (1.5TB)

Joint Announcement about 35TB Tape with IBMLTO Ultrium 5 released (1.5TB)

20122012 And Now LTO6…And Now LTO6…

History of Fujifilm Recording Media

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The Challenges for Tape

How small can magnetic particles be without losing their magnetic power?

How thin of a magnetic layer can be coated uniformly on tape?

How well are these smaller particles uniformly dispersed within new polymer compounds?

Let us show you our core technology,

the key to success.

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The Core Technology that supported the history of tape.

Fujifilm Core Media Technology

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NANO-Particle Technology

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NANO-Dispersion Technology

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achieved

adhere


NANO-Coating Technology

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Rec

ordi

ng　

Den

sity

　[G

bpsi

]

0.01

0.1

1.0

50-100nm1μm

１９９０

２０００

２０１０

10

0.2 ～ 0.3μm

3 ～ 5μm

2 ～ 3μm

1μm50-100nm

ATOMM

NANOCUBIC-MP

MP

NANOCUBIC-BaFe

0.25μm(Particle 　 Size)

0.1μm

35-45nm

10-20nm

Magnetic Layer

Magnetic Layer

Magnetic Layer

Magnetic Layer

Non Magnetic　 Layer

Non MagneticNon Magnetic 　　LayerLayer

Non MagneticNon Magnetic 　　LayerLayer

Substrate 　Film

Substrate 　Film

Substrate 　Film

Substrate 　Film

Expansion of Digital Recording

＜ Key factors ＞Thin magnetic layerSmall magnetic part icles

Progress of Media Technologies 　　

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We have been continuously improving each technology.Barium-Ferrite is a new material in NANO-Particle.

Fujifilm Core Technology

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Barium Ferrite Magnetic Particles

Fujif i lm’s Unique Technology


By applying Barium Ferrite particles to the advanced NANOCUBIC, we produced the;First LTO in the World with Barium FerriteLTO Ultrium 6Introduced on 21st November 2012

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LTO Ultrium Generation 6 Tape Cartridge

+ =


What is so great about Barium Ferrite?

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To begin,

let’s look at the fundamentals of magnetic recording…


Single Bit Cell These are “magnetic particles”

＋ bit cell ＋ bit cell ＋ bit cell－ bit cell－ bit cell

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Surface of Magnetic tape

Data tape consists of tiny microscopic “magnetic particles” uniformly dispersed and coated on the surface of tape, then small cells so called “bit cell” are written onto it.Each cell is magnetized as either positive or negative and multiple combinations become data (just as digital data is made up of 1s and 0s).

Bit Cell & Magnetic Particle


MP BaFe

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New Particle to Support Future Tapes

The biggest difference of LTO6 from the past generations is that this time Fujifilm elected to use Barium Ferrite magnetic particles instead of using the current metal particles.

Again, this is Fujifilm’s unique technology.


Towards the New Era of Data Storage

Barium Ferrite Magnetic Particles

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High Capacity

Recording Stability

Long Archival Life

3 Major Benefits of Barium Ferrite

To explain these benefits, we need to understand the 4 features of Barium Ferrite.

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1. Small Particle Size2. High Magnetic Property3. Perpendicularly Magnetized4. Oxidized Material

4 Features of Barium Ferrite

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1.Smaller Particle Size

Less Noise

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50 nm

MP BariumFerrite

LTO5

Particle Size 4040nm

LTO6

Particle Size 2020nm

1. Smaller Particle Size

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Bit CellMore

part icles in one bit cell.

Bit Cell


Less Signal Noise

Example: Compare high resolution picture and low resolution picture.

Smaller the particle, larger the data in one bit cell. More data in a cell results in less noise and clearer signal.

Small Particle = More Particles in single Bit Cell = Less Noise

High Resolution (More Particles)

Low Resolution (Less Particles)


2.Perpendicularly Magnetized+

3. High Magnetic Property

High Output

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Disadvantages of MP• MP’s magnetic property depend on it’s aspect ratio. As

the size gets smaller magnetic property becomes lower (performance as a magnetic particle becomes poor).

• MP is horizontally magnetized whereas Barium Ferrite is vertically magnetized.

2. Perpendicularly 　 Magnetized

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Advantages of Barium Ferrite• Barium Ferrite’s magnetic property does not

depend on it’s shape.• Barium Ferrite is perpendicularly magnetized.


2. Perpendicularly Magnetized

－ Bit Cell ＋ Bit Cell － Bit Cell＋ Bit Cell

－ Bit Cell ＋ Bit Cell － Bit Cell＋ Bit Cell

Because MPs are horizontally magnetized, the particles tend to cancel (demagnetize) each other → Output Loss.

Since Barium Ferrite is perpendicularly magnetized, above phenomenon does not occur.

Less Output Loss


3. High Magnetic Property

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Barium Ferrite magnetic particles has a higher magnetic property compared to metal particles.

High magnetic property leads to less output loss.


2 & 3 → High Output

－ Bit Cell ＋ Bit Cell － Bit Cell

＋ Bit Cell

Perpendicularly Magnetized

High Magnetic Property

Less output loss

Therefore…

Barium Ferrite tapes have a Higher Output when compared to MP tapes.

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Less Noise + High Output→High Performance

High Capacity&

Stable Recording

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- 80

- 70

- 60

- 50

- 40

- 30

- 20

- 10

0 10 20 30 40 50

Fre que nc y / MHz

Out

put

/ dB

m

C u r r e n t MP Ta p e

La t e s t Ba Fe Ta p e

Sy s t e m No is e

1+ 2 High Output & Low Noise

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Output

Noise

The gap between Output and Noise shows the performance of the tape. We call this Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR).

You can see from the graph how much better tape using Barium Ferrite is compared to tape using MP.


High Capacity(High Density)

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BaFe’s performance is greater than MP.

High SNR (= great performance)

This graph shows the change of SNR of MP and BaFe tape as the recording density changes.


Two Benefits that Arise from High SNR

- 80

- 70

- 60

- 50

- 40

- 30

- 20

- 10

0 10 20 30 40 50

Fre que nc y / MHz

Out

put

/ dB

m

Cu r re n t MP Ta p e

La t e s t Ba Fe Ta p e

Sy s t e m No is e

High SNR contributes to…

High CapacityStable Recording


High Capacity

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LTO-5 MP1.5TB

LTO6 BF2.5TB

BF-2nd

35TB

High Capacity “Bit Size and Capacity”

Barium Ferrite enables production of tapes with much smaller areal density resulting in tapes with much higher capacity.

This is possible because Barium Ferrite tape has great performance even when bit cells become small.

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29.5 bil l ion bits per square inch would result in a

35TB (native), tape cartr idge.

Fujifilm’s Barium Ferrite magnetic tape particles established the world’s highest areal density of 29.5 bi l l ion bits per square inch .

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Barium Ferrite is Way Over Market Requirement


Fujifilm’s Barium Ferrite technology has already exceeded the requirement for LTO Generation 8.

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Potential to Achieve LTO Future Generations


Stable Recording

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Barium Ferrite tape cartridges can be read/written to properly even when the drive head is worn down after repeated use.

ＭＰ

ＢａＦｅ

Tape

Tape

Tape

Tape

ＯＫ

ＯＫ

Head Wear

Head Wear

Hard to read each cell and may become an error.

Stable Recording

??

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Tape’s performance covers the diminished drive

performance.


Stable Recording

Error

Rate

Head Wear

MP

BaFe

Using Barium Ferrite tape will extend the life of your drive.

End of Drive Life

As drive head wear down, error rate

increases.

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*This is an image.


Oxidized Material

Long Archival Life

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MP is mainly made of iron (Fe) therefore it will oxidize after time and it’s magnetic property will deteriorate. In order to slow that down, outer layer of MP is intentionally oxidized from the beginning.

3. Barium Ferrite is an Oxide (=stable material)

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Barium Ferrite is mainly made of an oxide, therefore it does not lose it’s magnetic property due to oxidization.


＋ bit cell ＋ bit cell－ bit cell

＋ bit cell ＋ bit cell－ bit cell

Can no longer read/write in this cell…ＭＰ

Barium Ferrite

The performance becomes lowand at some point the bit cell becomes invalid.

Since Barium Ferrite is an oxideit does not deteriorate due tooxidization and can maintain it’s performance.

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What Happens when Particle Oxidizes?


Can used effectively after more than 30 years

【 Accelerated evaluation 】　 Measured change of tape’s magnetic property under temperature of 60 degrees and humidity of 90%. It is said that 1 day under such environment corresponds to 1 year in ambient

Change of magnetic property.

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Barium Ferrite has Longer Archival Life


Advanced Coating Technologyfor Barium Ferrite

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Current coating with MP

New coating technology for Barium Ferrite

Thin and Uniform Magnetic Layer

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Magnetic layer

Non-magnetic layer

Non-magnetic layer

Magnetic layer

Thin and uniform magnetic layer enables stable output resulting in stable recording (unstable output cause noise).


Head

Head

Average center line

Spacing Loss

Surface contact

Average spacing

Point contact

Current MP Coating Technology

New Coating Technology for BaFe

Smaller undulation with small and uniform protrusions.

Excellent surface design contributes to stable recording.

Concept to reduce spacing loss with low friction

Surface Design

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Summary

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0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

20082009

20102011

2012

LTOT100003592

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Tape Roadmap ~ BaFe Supports the Future ~

LTO1LTO2LTO3

3592 JA/J2T10K-A

LTO4

T10K-B 3592 JB/J3

LTO5

LTO6

T10K-C

2.5TB

3592 JB/J2

3592 JC/J4


-Tape storage is proved to be the ideal solution for high capacity, high reliability, efficiency and low cost archiving.

-Technology to support tape’s largest benefit “high capacity” has been continuously improving. Now with the Barium Ferrite, tape proved it’s potential to support another 10 year roadmap and in 2011, StorageTek’s T10000 (5TB) and IBM’s JC media for TS1140, the two first tape cartridges using Barium Ferrite were introduced.

-Fujifilm is determined to continuously contribute to future development of tape to meet increasing demand of data recovery and data archive requirements.

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Summary


High Capacity Recording Stability

Long Archival Life

1. Small Particle Size2. High Magnetic Property

3. Perpendicularly Magnetized

4. Oxidized Material

Less Noise High Output

High Performance

+

Improved Coating Technology for BaFe

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Introduction to Fuji Barium Ferrite Technology

Devices & Hardware

Transcript of Introduction to Fuji Barium Ferrite Technology