Introduction to Energy Efficiency, Approach and Working Steps
description
Transcript of Introduction to Energy Efficiency, Approach and Working Steps
Introduction to Energy Efficiency, Approach and Working Steps
Windsor Hotel, Bangkok27 October 2010
Training on “Reducing Carbon Foot Print in Textile Industries”
Dr. Balasankari B.E., M.Engg., Ph.DArul Joe Mathias B.E., M.Engg., MBA
Introduction to Energy Efficiency
ENERGY EFFICIENCY - DEFINITION
• Refers to how effectively energy is being used for a given purpose
• Represents how efficiently energy is converted from one form to another
• Method of using less energy to perform the same function
WHY ENERGY EFFICIENCY?
• Due to limited availability of fossil fuels
• To avoid wastage of resources, electricity, thermal energy
• To reduce climatic change impact
• To reduce environmental issues
BENEFITS
• Reduces energy consumption
• Reduce water and material consumption
• Improves productivity with given energy
• Increases profits
BENEFITS
• Reduces dependence on conventional resources
• Environmentally beneficial
• Reduces air pollution
• Reduces global warming
Energy Efficiency Approaches & Working Steps
APPROACHES
Energy Efficiency involves :
▪ Energy audit & report
▪ Setting up energy management program
ENERGY AUDIT
• First step to improve energy efficiency
• Tool for energy efficiency improvement
ENERGY AUDIT - TYPES
• Walk through audit
• Utility cost analysis
• Standard energy audit
• Detailed energy audit
WALK THROUGH AUDIT
• Short site visit of the facility
• Identification of areas of simple and inexpensive actions
possible
• Goal: Immediate energy and/or operating cost savings
UTILITY COST ANALYSIS
• Evaluation of metered energy uses, operating costs and
utility data for several years
• Identification of energy use, peak demand, weather
effects, and potential for energy savings
STANDARD ENERGY AUDIT
• Comprehensive energy analysis
• Development of baseline for the energy use of the
facility
• Identification of energy conservation measures
• Evaluation of energy savings and cost effectiveness
DETAILED ENERGY AUDIT
• Similar to standard energy analysis, but time consuming
• Use of instruments to measure energy use
• Analysis of measured data
• Identification of energy efficiency measures and
potential for energy savings
ENERGY AUDIT REPORTS
• Designed to encourage implementation
• Recommendations to achieve energy efficiency and
energy cost saving
CONTENTS OF AUDIT REPORT
• Energy management plan
• Energy action plan
• Energy financing options
• Maintenance recommendations
• Standard calculation and assumptions
• Audit recommendations
ENERGY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
ENERGY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
• Most successful and cost effective way
• It begins with strong organizational commitment to continuous improvement of Energy Efficiency
• It involves:
Assigning management duties to energy director
Establishing energy policy
Creating cross functional energy team
ENERGY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
• Steps to assess performance through:
Regular review of energy data
Technical assessment and
Bench marking
• From this, develop:
Baseline energy use
Goals for improvement (implementation of action plan)
MAKE COMMITMENT
• Commitment by management to energy management
program
• Assignment of energy management coordinator
• Creation of energy management committee of major
plant and department representatives
ASSESS PERFORMANCE
• Review of historical patterns of fuel and energy use
• Facility walk-through survey
• Preliminary analyses, review of drawings, data sheets, equipment specifications
• Development of energy audit plans
• Conduct of facility energy audit for processes, facilities and equipment
ASSESS PERFORMANCE
• Calculation of annual energy use based on audit results
• Comparison with historical records
• Analysis and simulation to evaluate energy management
options
• Economic analysis for energy management options (life
cycle costs, rate of return, cost benefit ratio)
SET GOALS
• Establish energy effectiveness goals for the organization
and individual plants
• Determine capital investment requirements and
priorities
• Establish measurement and reporting procedures
• Install monitoring and recording instruments
CREATE ACTION PLAN
Define technical steps and targets
Crete performance target for each facility, operation etc.
Set timelines for action
Establish monitoring system
Determine roles and resources
Internal roles (personnel in the plant)
External roles (consultant, service providers, vendors etc.)
Determine resources (in terns of human resource and cost)
IMPLEMENT THE ACTION PLAN
• To implement actions plan:
Create a communication plan with workers
Raise awareness to them
Build capacity
Motivate working personnel
Tract and monitor
EVALUATE PROGRESS
• Evaluate the progress in plants through:
Energy data
Review of activities as a part of action plan
Compare them to established goals
• Revise the action plan based on results
Introduction to Textile Industry
TEXTILE INDUSTRY
• Textile industry – one of the major energy consuming
industry
• Energy plays important role in manufacturing process
• Cost of energy is a major factor, next to chemical cost
SECTORS IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
• Spinning (blending, carding, combing, drawing, simplex and spinning)
• Weaving/Knitting
• Wet processing (desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerizing, printing, dyeing and finishing)
• Garment manufacturing
TEXTILE INDUSTRY
• Spinning and Weaving/knitting – large scale
• Spinning and Weaving/knitting combine together known as composite unit
• Wet processing – small scale
• Garment Manufacture – medium scale
RAW MATERIALS
Natural fibers :
• Cotton
• Wool
• Silk
• Flax
• Jute
Man-made & synthetic fibres:
•Polyester (PES)
•Polyacrylonitrile (PAC)
•Polyacrylonitrile (PAC)
•Polypropylene (PP)
•Elastane (EL)
PRODUCTION PROCESSES
• All processes do not occur in a single facility
• Processes and technologies differ across factories
• Numerous technologies
• Depends on type of raw material and expected product output
PRODUCTION PROCESSES
• Different methods available (for spinning, weaving, dyeing, printing etc.)
• Uses large quantity of electricity and fuel
• Electricity or fuel depends on type of industry
Spun yarn spinning – electricity use is more
Wet processing – fuel use is more