Introduction to basics of the electronics components

Robotics Activities

Ahmed Farag

Agenda

• Resistors

• Capacitors

• Transistors

• Diodes - LEDs

Electronic elements

• Resistors

• Capacitors

• Transistors

• Diodes - LEDs

Resistor ( resistance )

-for more info…

http://library.thinkquest.org/C006657/electronics/resistors.htm

An electrical device that resists the flow of

electrical current , measured by ohm ( Ω )

Model

Symbol

Resistors - Continued

• What can a resistor do ?

Resistors can help divide voltages, and when

combined with other elements can help convert

voltages for a specific electrical design.

Resistors can also be used to provide intense light

or heat.

For example, the heating element in a household

cooking range is a resistor, as is the tungsten

filament in a common incandescent lamp.

Resistors - Continued

• Types of Resistors

•carbon

•metal oxide

•coil

Resistors - Continued

Resistors - Continued

• How to read the resistance value ?

Resistors - Continued

• Connection and value of resistance

Capacitor (condenser)

• The capacitor is a device for storing an electrical

charge measured by microfarads ( µ )

Model

Symbol

-for more info…http://library.thinkquest.org/C006657/electronics/capacitor.htm

Capacitor - Continued

• What can a capacitor do ?

Fixed-capacity and variable-capacity

capacitors are used in conjunction with

coils as resonant circuits in radios and

other electronic equipment. Large

capacitors are also employed in power

lines to resonate the load on the line and

make it possible for the line to transmit

more power.

Capacitor - Continued

• Capacitor types:

•Air

•Mica

•Ceramics

•Paper

•Oil

•vacuums

Capacitor - Continued

Capacitor - Continued

• Connection and value of capacitance

Transistors

• A device used to amplify a signal or open

and close a circuit (switch) . In a

computer, it functions as an electronic

switch

Model

Symbol-for more info…

http://library.thinkquest.org/C006657/electronics/transistor.htm

Transistors - Continued

What can a transistor do ?

• Transistors are used as amplifiers,

oscillators, or switches in communication,

control, and computer systems.

Transistors - Continued

• Transistors types

Transistors - continue

Transistors - Continued

• Connecting Transistors

Diodes

• Diode, electronic device that allows the

passage of current in only one direction

Model

Symbol

Diodes - Continued

What can a diode do … ?

• Because this electronic device allows passage of

current in only one direction , it is used in

rectification, process of converting an alternating

current (AC), which flows back and forth in a

circuit, to direct current (DC), which flows only in

one direction. Light-emitting diodes are used in

many common devices, such as the tuning

indicator on a radio. Any number from 0 to 9 may

be displayed on a seven-segment arrangement (an

arrangement often used on calculators and digital

watches), in which each LED lights one segment.

Diodes - Continued

• Types of Diodes:

− Junction-type diodes consist of a junction of

two different kinds of semiconductor material.

The Zener diode is a special junction-type

diode, using silicon, in which the voltage

across the junction is independent of the

current through the junction. Because of this

characteristic, Zener diodes are used as

voltage regulators. Another special junction-

type diode is used in solar cells; a voltage

appears spontaneously when the junction is

illuminated.

Diodes - Continued