Introduction to Digital Imaging

Introduction to Digital ImagingIntroduction to Digital Imaging

Part 2 - ScanningPart 2 - Scanning

Learn iT! Introduction to DigitLearn iT! Introduction to Digital Imagingal Imaging

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Shopping for ScannersShopping for Scanners

• Optical, not Interpolated Resolution 300- 1200dpiOptical, not Interpolated Resolution 300- 1200dpi• Color Depth 24-36 bitsColor Depth 24-36 bits• Image Sensor CMOS vs. CCDImage Sensor CMOS vs. CCD• Scanning SoftwareScanning Software• Connection - Serial, Parallel, USB, SCSI ($ - $$$)Connection - Serial, Parallel, USB, SCSI ($ - $$$)• Optical Density Optical Density

– commercial 2.8- 3.0commercial 2.8- 3.0– professional 3.0- 3.4professional 3.0- 3.4

• Color Management -$$$Color Management -$$$– Profiles, CalibrationProfiles, Calibration

• Transparency Adapters, Document feedersTransparency Adapters, Document feeders


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Types of scannersTypes of scanners

• Flatbed, Slide, Drum, handheld, documentFlatbed, Slide, Drum, handheld, document• Price rangesPrice ranges• What you getWhat you get• Using Flatbed scannerUsing Flatbed scanner• Placing photosPlacing photos

http://computershopper.zdnet.com/texis/cs/doframe.html?u=www.zdnet.com/computershopper/edit/howtobuy/


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Scanner softwareScanner software

• ResolutionResolution• Color depthColor depth• ScalingScaling• Color correctionColor correction• SharpeningSharpening


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ScanningScanning

• PhotosPhotos• Line ArtLine Art• Screened ArtScreened Art• ObjectsObjects• Text/OCRText/OCR

Part 3 Digital camerasPart 3 Digital cameras


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Basic elementsBasic elements• LensLens

– ViewfinderViewfinder / SLR; Optical / Digital Zoom / SLR; Optical / Digital Zoom• Image sensorImage sensor

– CMOSCMOS/ CCD/ CCD• Storage mediumStorage medium

– RAM, Floppy, Compact Flash, Smart MediaRAM, Floppy, Compact Flash, Smart Media• Camera featuresCamera features

– Exposure/ Focus Lock, LCD, Burst shExposure/ Focus Lock, LCD, Burst shooting/recovery timeooting/recovery time• Connection to PCConnection to PC

– Serial, Parrallel, USB, SCSISerial, Parrallel, USB, SCSI• Downloading optionsDownloading options

– To PC, Printer, VideoTo PC, Printer, Video• BatteriesBatteries

– Nickel Metal Hydride rechargablesNickel Metal Hydride rechargables


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Types of Digital CamerasTypes of Digital Cameras

Image Quality Features Price Use

Basic Low640x 4803 x 5 inch prints

PHD $100-350 Snaps, Web, email

DeluxePoint andShoot

Good1 mega pixel4 x 6 prints

Some control 400-800 Manuals, education,Web

Prosumer Better2 megapixel8 x 10 prints

More control $900-2000 Newsletters,documentation

Professional Best3+ megap’s

Many $3000-50,000

Advertising, news,fashion


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ComparisonComparison

FilmFilm• Lot of camera for the buckLot of camera for the buck• Film costsFilm costs• Processing CostsProcessing Costs• Battery usage lowBattery usage low• Film AgesFilm Ages• Delay for processingDelay for processing• Can carry lots of filmCan carry lots of film• Fast ShootingFast Shooting

DigitalDigital• Similar camera more Similar camera more

expensiveexpensive• No film to buy, processNo film to buy, process• Higher battery usageHigher battery usage• Can be archived on cdromCan be archived on cdrom• Instant gratificationInstant gratification• Review and deleteReview and delete• Storage/ Download Storage/ Download

challengeschallenges• Slower shootingSlower shooting• Cost of PCCost of PC


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Storage OptionsStorage Options

• Internal Memory Only - RAM (Basic models)Internal Memory Only - RAM (Basic models)• Floppy Disc Floppy Disc

– Big and slow, but cheap and unlimitedBig and slow, but cheap and unlimited• Removable memory cardsRemovable memory cards

– Compact Flash- Kodak, Compact Flash- Kodak, Nikon, CanonNikon, Canon– Smart Media - Olympus, Fuji, Agfa (smaller, not as high Smart Media - Olympus, Fuji, Agfa (smaller, not as high

capacity)capacity)– Sony Memory StickSony Memory Stick– Iomega Click drives- often an intermediate storageIomega Click drives- often an intermediate storage

• Direct Cable connectionDirect Cable connection (Professional Models) (Professional Models)• File formats JPEG or TIFFile formats JPEG or TIF• ResolutionResolution

– 640 x 480, 1024 x 768, 1280 X 960640 x 480, 1024 x 768, 1280 X 960……


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Downloading OptionsDownloading Options

• Camera to PC CableCamera to PC Cable– Serial, USB common, SCSI, Firewire more expensiveSerial, USB common, SCSI, Firewire more expensive

– Serial ~ 1 minute per megabyte; USB 50x fasterSerial ~ 1 minute per megabyte; USB 50x faster

• Storage media to PC viaStorage media to PC via– PC card adapter for laptopPC card adapter for laptop $20-80 $20-80

– Floppy adapter for SmartMediaFloppy adapter for SmartMedia

– Card reader drive directly attached to PCCard reader drive directly attached to PC

– Click drive transfers from card to click disksClick drive transfers from card to click disks

• Printer, Printer, TV for direct outputTV for direct output


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Shooting TipsShooting Tips

• LimitationsLimitations– Fine details ie leavesFine details ie leaves

• LightingLighting– Avoid too high contractsAvoid too high contracts

• MovementMovement– Not as good at action photographyNot as good at action photography

• SubjectsSubjects– Large areas of color work better, recognizable objectsLarge areas of color work better, recognizable objects

• CompositionComposition– Closer; Details; Fore/Background; Rule of Thirds, SymmetryCloser; Details; Fore/Background; Rule of Thirds, Symmetry

• Use Fill FlashUse Fill Flash


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Using ImagesUsing Images

• RotatRotatinging• StitchingStitching• CroppingCropping• RetouchingRetouching• OrganizingOrganizing• Output for Web, PrintOutput for Web, Print

Part 4 Working with ImagesPart 4 Working with Images


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Downloading from the WebDownloading from the Web

• Right clickingRight clicking• Copy and pasteCopy and paste• Clip art sitesClip art sites• Emailing photosEmailing photos


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Microsoft Clip ArtMicrosoft Clip Art

• Shared by all MS Office ApplicationsShared by all MS Office Applications• Usually in WMF or EMF formats (vector based)Usually in WMF or EMF formats (vector based)• Scalable, editableScalable, editable• Others in BMP or GIF formatOthers in BMP or GIF format• Bitmaps- Not editableBitmaps- Not editable


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Stock agenciesStock agencies

• Most are online nowMost are online now

• Royalty free vs. paid artRoyalty free vs. paid art– unlimitedunlimited vs. vs. one time use one time use


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Dover booksDover books

• Public domain- royalty freePublic domain- royalty free• Scan and useScan and use• Scan as greyscale or black and whiteScan as greyscale or black and white• Adobe Streamline useful for turning bitmapped scans Adobe Streamline useful for turning bitmapped scans

into editable vector art in Illustratorinto editable vector art in Illustrator


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Film to disk processingFilm to disk processing

• Many film processing services will save your photos Many film processing services will save your photos to a diskto a disk

• UsuallUsually in JPEG formaty in JPEG format


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Kodak Photo CDsKodak Photo CDs

• High quality scans in variety of resolutionsHigh quality scans in variety of resolutions• Good for slidesGood for slides• More expensiveMore expensive• Two Quality LevelsTwo Quality Levels• Master: includes 5 different Resolutions of each 35 Master: includes 5 different Resolutions of each 35

mm slide.mm slide.• Turnaround time: 2 days, cost: $10 for the disc, plus Turnaround time: 2 days, cost: $10 for the disc, plus

$2 per scan$2 per scan• Pro: includes an additional hi-resolution scan Pro: includes an additional hi-resolution scan

Turnaround time: 2 days, cost: $18 per disc, plus $20 Turnaround time: 2 days, cost: $18 per disc, plus $20 per scan; less if longer waitper scan; less if longer wait


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Basic Image EditingBasic Image Editing

• CroppingCropping• SelectingSelecting• Copy/PastingCopy/Pasting• RetouchingRetouching• ColorizingColorizing• FiltersFilters• SharpeningSharpening• Special EffectsSpecial Effects


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Stitching softwareStitching software

• Has gotten much cheaper, simplerHas gotten much cheaper, simpler• Overlap photos by ~ 50%Overlap photos by ~ 50%• Keep your distanceKeep your distance• Watch for exposure changesWatch for exposure changes• Cylindrical vs. Perspective optionsCylindrical vs. Perspective options


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Special EffectsSpecial Effects

• Kai’s Power GooKai’s Power Goo• Plug-ins for applicationsPlug-ins for applications• Kai’s Power ToolsKai’s Power Tools• Alien Skin SoftwareAlien Skin Software

Introduction to Digital Imaging

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