Introduction to Community Health Nursing %28CHN%292011

8/4/2019 Introduction to Community Health Nursing %28CHN%292011

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N A N C Y N A D E A U R N , B S N , M S N

N U R S I N G F A C U L T YF A L L 2 0 1 1

INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNITYHEALTH NURSING (CHN)


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CHAP 1: PRESENT, PAST AND FUTURE

Healthcare changes in the 21st century

Characteristics of community and

public health nursing Public health nursing roots

Challenges for practice in the 21st

century


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OPPORTUNITIES

Callen et al. Essentials of Baccalaureate NursingEducation for Entry-Level Community Public HealthNursing Public Health Nursing Vol.27 No.4 pp. 371-382.

Historical foundations

Core professional Values

Community/population as client

Prevention

Partnership

Healthy environment

Diversity


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OPPORTUNITIES

Illness and disease management

Information and health care technology

Environmental Health

Global Health

Human Diversity

Ethics and Social Justice

Coordinator and manager

Emergency preparedness, response, recovery


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OPPORTUNITIES

Education Issues Integration C/PHN essentials in the course

Teachers: sufficient educational and experiential

preparation Teaching/learning methods and technologies

Learning experiences appropriate for understanding

Education-service collaboration and mentoring

Interdisciplinary learning and collaboration


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OLDEST SPECIALTY NURSINGPRACTICES

Entering this field will encounter the complex

challenge of working with populations rather than just

individual client

Carry on the heritage of early public health nursing

efforts with the benefit of modern sensibilities

Focus from the individual and family to encompass

communities and the opportunity to affect the healthstatus of populations

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YOU ARE BEING ASKED TO LEAVE THEFAMILIARITY

Use the non tangible skills of listening, assessing,planning, teaching, coordinating, evaluating, andreferring

Draw on the skills you have learned.

Need to combine creativity, ingenuity, intuition, andresourcefulness

Work holistically with clients of all ages, at all stagesof illness and wellness

Use of your critical-thinking skills A study of Community health competency among public

health nurses Journal of Nursing Research Vol.16, No 4. 2008pp. 286-296.


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CHANGES IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Great public health achievements in USA?

New concepts:

Social determinants of health

Health disparities

Is the following statement True or False?

Health care disparities are social conditions in whichpeople live and work.

Role of government Pt/client-centered care

Technology

Personal responsibility for health


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PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY

The patient should be made tounderstand that he or she musttake charge of his won life. Donttake your body to the doctor as if

he were a repair shop.

Regestein, psychiatrist, Harvard

University p.7


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HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010 US DEPARTMENT OFHEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES WWW.HEALTHYPEOPLE.GOV/2020

There are used in measuring the health of the USpopulation

Increase the quality and years of healthy life

Eliminate health disparities

28 focus area

467 objectives stated in measurable terms that specifytargeted incidence and prevalence changes and addressage, gender, and culturally vulnerable groups along withimprovement in public health systems

Can you name some?


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HEALTHY PEOPLE GOALS

2010

It provides a framework for prioritizing andaddressing specific health needs in designated

communities

2020

To provide a framework to address risk factors and

determinants of health and the diseases anddisorders that affects our communities


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2020

1. Eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury,and premature death

2. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, andimprove the health of all groups

3. Create social and physical environments thatpromote good health for all

4. Promote healthy development and healthybehaviors across every state of life


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IS THERE A DIFFERENCE?

Community-based nursingminor acute andchronic care that is comprehensive andcoordinated where people work, live or attend

school; illness care provided outside the acute caresetting

Community health nursinguse of systematic

processes to deliver care to individuals, families andcommunity groups with a focus on promoting,preserving, protecting, and maintaining health


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DO COLLECTIVELY TO ASSURE THE CONDITIONS IN WHICH

PEOPLE CAN BE HEALTHY

Public health nursingpopulation-based practice,defined as a synthesis of nursing and public healthwithin the context of preventing disease and

disability and promoting and protecting the healthof the entire community


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8 DOMAINS OF PUBLIC HEALTHNURSING PRACTICE

Analytic assessment skills

Policy development and program planning skills

Communication skills

Cultural competency skills

Community dimensions of practice skills

Basic public health science skills

Financial planning and management skills

Leadership and systems thinking skills From: ANA 2007. Public health Nursing: Scope and Standards of

Practice.


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COMMUNITY AND PUBLIC HEALTHNURSING TODAY

Scope and Standards of Practice

Educationentry into community and public healthnursing practice as a generalist requires a

baccalaureate degree CompetenciesQuad Council of Public Health

Nursing Organizations has set competencies forboth generalist and advanced practice nurses in

public health Certification for specialty practice


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ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES

Direct Services

Caregiver, Case manager, advocate, educator, counselor,collaborator, information broker

Population-Based Services

Coalition builder, change agent, policy advocate/political

activist, case finder, researcher


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CAN I REALLY DO SOMETHING TO MAKE ADIFFERENCE IN THE LIVES OF MY CLIENTS?

Feel shocked and discouraged by the crushingpoverty and overwhelming sense of helplessness

many of your clients experience

By the continual recurrence of substance abuse,domestic violence, job failure, and criminal

activity

Introduction to Community Health Nursing %28CHN%292011

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