Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and...
-
Upload
rudolph-nash -
Category
Documents
-
view
223 -
download
3
Transcript of Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and...
![Page 1: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction to Biology
Chapter One
![Page 2: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is Biology?
Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world
Biology- the study of life
![Page 3: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Themes of Biology
Cell Structure and Function
Stability and homeostasis
Reproduction and Inheritance
Evolution
Interdependence of organisms
Matter, energy and organization– *Can Sally Remember Every Idea Matters
![Page 4: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Cell Structure and Function
Cell is the basic unit of life
Two categories– Unicellular- one cell– Multicellular- many
cells• As cells develop they
become different from each other (differentiation)
Source One
![Page 5: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Stability and Homeostasis
Homeostasis- maintaining stable level of internal conditions– Example- body
temperature
Source two
![Page 6: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Reproduction and Inheritance
Reproduction- process in which new organisms are produced
DNA- form in which genetic information is passed to offspring
Two Types of Repro– Asexual- only one
organism contributes• Example- bacteria
– Sexual- two organisms contribute to offspring
• Example- humans, frogs
![Page 7: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Evolution
Evolution- study of the changes in organisms over time
Natural Selection- how evolution occurs
Natural Selection acts upon characteristics that are favorable to environment leading to more reproduction
![Page 8: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Interdependence of Organisms
Ecology- study of the interactions of organisms
Ecosystem- environmental community
Source three
![Page 9: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Matter, Energy, Organization
Photosynthesis- process in which organisms capture energy from the sun– Process that allows
all life on Earth to exist
Autotroph- organisms that make their own food from sun– Example- plants
Heterotroph- organisms that must consume others to meet energy needs– Example- humans
![Page 10: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
http://youtu.be/juxLuo-sH6M
![Page 11: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Characteristics of Life
Reproduction
All cells
Respond to environment
Energy (obtain and use)
Homeostasis
Organized with DNA
Growth and development
![Page 12: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Reproduction– Sexual– Asexual
All Cells– Unicellular– Multicellular
Respond to Environment– Stimulus- signal to
which an organisms responds
• Example- temperature, moisture, predators
![Page 13: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Energy- all organisms must take in materials and energy to grow, develop, reproduce– Metabolism- sum of
all the reactions occurring in the body
Homeostasis- stable level of internal conditions
DNA- universal genetic code, stores information needed to live, grow and reproduce
![Page 14: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Growth and development– All organisms grow
as a result of cell division and development
Cell Division- forming new cells from existing cell
Development- produced by repeated cell divisions and cell differentiation (cells becoming different from one another)– Example- heart cells,
bone cells, nerve cells
![Page 15: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Scientific Method
Ask Question
Form hypothesis
Set up controlled experiment
Record and analyze results
Draw conclusion
Publish
![Page 16: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Ask Question- based on something you have seen or noticed (observation)
Form hypothesis- statement that explains the observation and can be tested (prediction or educated guess)
![Page 17: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Setting up Controlled Experiment
Experiment is conducted by gathering data under controlled conditions
Control group- group that contains all the norms
Experimental group- group that has just one variable different from control– Independent variable-
one factor that is purposely changed in experiment
– Dependent variable-change that occurs in response to independent variable
![Page 18: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Record/Analyze Results
Data-any and all information gathered to try and answer original question– Quantitative-
numbers, measurements
– Qualitative- descriptions of observations
Recording- done in table or chart
Analyzing- looks at data to determine trends and is reliable– Type of analysis
varies depending upon experiment
![Page 19: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Draw Conclusion- looks at analysis to determine if hypothesis is supported or rejected
Publish- write a scientific paper or lab report to publish in journal
![Page 20: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Microscopes
Microscope- instrument that produces an enlarged image of an object
Source Four
![Page 21: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Magnification- is the increase of an objects apparent size– Must multiply
eyepiece with objective lens to get total magnification
Resolution- ability to show details clearly, higher resolution= better picture
Good microscopes have both high magnification and high resolution
![Page 22: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Types of Microscopes
Light- uses a light source to shine through specimen
– Most common type used by biologists
Electron- uses beams of electrons to produce enlarged image– Produce high
magnification, but can not be living
Two types– Transmission (TEM)– Scanning (SEM)
![Page 23: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Source Five
![Page 24: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Measurements
Metric System (SI)- system used around the world– Kept standard so no
conversions are required
We will always use Metric System in class
Length- meter (m)
Mass- gram (g)
Time- seconds (s)
Volume, liquids - liter (L)
Temperature- Celsius (C )
![Page 25: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Metric System
All based upon the power of 10– Start at base unit,
use prefixes to determine number
– Example 5 kilometers; kilo=1000 so 5 km= 5000 meters
Giga=1,000,000,000
Mega= 1,000,000
Kilo= 1,000
Hecto= 100
Deka= 10
Deci= 1/10
Centi= 1/100
Milli= 1/1,000
Micro= 1/1,000,000
![Page 26: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Level of Bodily Organization
Molecular- atoms together make organelles
Organelles- different parts of the cell that have specific job making up the cell
Cell- basic unit of life
![Page 27: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Cont.
Tissue- group of cells working together to perform a specific function
Organ- two or more tissues working together to perform a specific function
Organ System- two or more organs working together for a common purpose
![Page 28: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Organism- all the organ systems working together
– Heart cell, cardiac muscle tissue, heart, circulatory system, human
![Page 29: Introduction to Biology Chapter One. What is Biology? Science- an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Biology- the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649f435503460f94c62ebe/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.sarahwray.com/USERIMAGES/blastocyst.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.sarahwray.com/page6.htm&usg=__8uXudWyXlf1kcuDNJVNMaCK2zk4=&h=411&w=404&sz=34&hl=en&start=22&zoom=1&tbnid=P6uRqtjFmXruvM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=117&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dhuman%2Bbody%2Bcell%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26gbv%3D2%26biw%3D1280%26bih%3D559%26tbs%3Disch:10%2C490&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=770&vpy=175&dur=5260&hovh=226&hovw=223&tx=130&ty=136&ei=pepzTKA8xf-WB86micgI&oei=nOpzTLyEA8T68Ab68bm9CA&esq=2&page=2&ndsp=23&ved=1t:429,r:12,s:22&biw=1280&bih=559
http://www.pgbeautygroomingscience.com/assets/images/wosc/Chapter%202/Function%20Dermis%201.jpg
http://susty.com/image/ecosystem-diagram-wedged-tailed-eagle-kookaburra-bird-rabbit-mouse-grass-snake-grasshopper-food-web-illustration-arrows-image.gifhttp://ettc.lrhsd.org/archives/Pictures/138-microscopes-lg.jpg
http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTYPgGxDk9P5HfX5pwLcr1oKtcAzT4fmcVNKIOPsDQE1eeULPI&t=1&usg=__eSc-0FvoG-oKlPESZIoheyZOLTE=