Introduction to Asylum Law - Junge Akademie: Home · Important: § 25a AufenthG & § 25b AufenthG...

Introduction to Asylum Law


Franziska G. Faßbinder

Agenda

• Basic Terms

• Asylum Procedure

Claim for Asylum

Application

Dublin Procedure

Hearing at the BAMF

Protection Status

• Alternatives for the Refugee Status

Franziska G. Faßbinder # 2



# 3 08.06.2016 Franziska G. Faßbinder

Basic Terms

BAMF / Bundesamt

Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge. Federeal Office for Migration and Refugees, responsible for the legal procedure of seeking asylum

Foreigners Office, enforces the decision from the BAMF, issuance of the residence permit, employment permit, carry out the removal.

BüMA Bescheinigung über die Meldung als Asylsuchender. Certificate on the notification as an asylum seeker.

Ausländer-behörde



Basic Terms

Sicherer Herkunfts-

staat

Residence permit for the duration of the asylum procedure, § 55 AsylVfG

Safe country of origin. EU member states, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ghana, Macedonia , Senegal, Serbia, Albania , Montenegro and Kosovo. Asylum applications from these countries are generally rejected as obviously unfounded. .

Aufenthalts-gestattung

GFK

Genfer Flüchtlingskonvention :Convention Relating on the Status of Refugees / 1951 Refugee Concention. Defines who is a refugee and sets out the rights of individuals who a granted asylum.



Basic Terms

Subsidiär Schutz-

berechtigter

Refugees under the Geneva Convention. Legal defined in § 3 I AsylVfG .

Person entitled to subsidiary protection. Person who is not a refugee, but that would threaten the country of origin of serious injury, § 4 I AsylVfG .

Tolerated person who does not enjoy protection status, but ( temporarily ) can not be deported. A temporary suspension of deportation is not a residence permit .

Flüchtling

Geduldeter

Asylum Procedure


Entry

Claim for Asylum

Application

Dublin Procedure

Hearing at the BAMF

Basis for the Decision

Protection Status

Decision


# 6

Das Asylverfahren


Einreise

Asylgesuch

Aktenanlage

Zulässigkeit Dublin-Verfahren

Anhörung beim BAMF

Entscheidungs-grundlage

Schutzstatus

Entscheidung


# 7

Claim For Asylum:

• “Expressed desire to seek protection”

• Beginning of terms

• BüMa

• Distribution to reception centres for immigrants

• „Residenzpflicht“ Residence obligation, § 59 AsylVfG


Entry


# 8

Claim for Asylum

BüMA:

Certificate on the notification as an asylum seeker



# 9

Application:

• At the branch of the BAMF

• „little interview“ about the escape route

• No questions about the reasons for the escape

• Residence permit (Aufenthaltsgestattung) § 55 I 1 AsylVfG


Entry

Claim for Asylum

Application


# 10

Residence permit:

Aufenthalts-gestattung



# 11

Dublin Procedure - Admissibility

• Objectives of the Dublin procedure

• General jurisdiction rules

• Responsibility by the deadline

• Special responsibility criteria

• Sovereignty clause


Entry Application

Dublin Procedure


# 12

Claim for Asylum

Dublin Procedure Objectives of the Dublin procedure

• Procedure efficiency

• Avoiding the so-called "forum shopping” and

“refugee in orbit”

Only one Member State is to carry out the asylum procedure



Dublin Procedure General jurisdiction rules

• The state which granted the foreigners a residence permit Art. 12 I Dublin III VO

• The state which granted the foreigner a visa , Art. 12 II Dublin III

• The state which borders the asylum seeker has passed coming illegally from a third country . Article 13 I Dublin III VO

• In which the asylum seeker has previously resided illegally at least five months Article 13 II Dublin III VO

• The state which let the foreigner enter without a visa, Art. 14 Dublin III VO

• The state which let the foreigners in the international transit area of an airport, Art. 15 Dublin III VO.




Dublin Procedure

Initiation

Consent

Deportation

Finger Prints

Results in the EURODAC database?

Admission

Notification

Initiation of the Dublin Procedure

Admission application to the (presumed) responsible state

Consent or fiction of consent

Notification about the responsibility of the concerned state

Deportation, if possible within time limit.



Dublin Procedure

Notification


Dublin Procedure Responsibility by the deadline

• Different starting points for the deadline

• Various conditions for the time period

• Hit in the EURODAC database

• Retrial procedure



Fingerprints

Initiation

Admission

Consent/ Fiction of Consent

Deportation

Requesting state becomes

responsible

Requesting state becomes

responsible

Requested state becomes responsible



Dublin Procedure Responsibility by the deadline

Notification

Dublin Procedure Special responsibility criteria

• Special protection of minors, Art. 6 Dublin III-VO (

Art. 8 Dublin III-VO)

• Family unity, Art. 9 bis 11 Dublin III-VO

• Dependent persons, Art 16 Dublin III-VO



Dublin Procedure

Sovereignty clause

• Risk of violations of rights in the responsible state

• Systematic failures: extreme poverty, basic needs are not covered obviousness of these failures is required

• Beyond dispute: Greek

• In dispute: Italy, Bulgaria, Malta, Poland, Romania and Hungary

• Important: current jurisdiction



Dublin Procedure - Admissibility

• Objectives of the Dublin procedure

• General jurisdiction rules

• Responsibility by the deadline

• Special responsibility criteria

• Sovereignty clause


Entry Application

Dublin Procedure


# 21

Claim for Asylum

Hearing at the BAMF:

• Personal hearing at the branch of the BAMF

• Explanation of individual reasons for flight

• Right to be heard in the native language, § 17 AsylVfG

• Person of trust § 25 I AsylVfG


Entry Application

Dublin Procedure

Hearing at the BAMF


# 22

Claim for Asylum

Basis for the decision:

• Protocoll of the hearing

• No personal identity between the interviewer and the decision maker

• Substantination for the reasons of the flight


Entry Application

Dublin Procedure

Hearing at the BAMF

Basis for the decision


# 23

Claim for Asylum

Protection Status:


Entry Application

Dublin Procedure

Basis for the Decison

Protection Status


# 24

Claim for Asylum

Hearing at the BAMF

§ 60 II - VII AufenthG Prohibition of Deportation

Art. 16 a

GG

§ 3 I AsylVfG

Refugee Status

§ 4 I AsylVfG

Subsidiairy Protection

Art. 16a GG – Right of Asylum according to the Constitution

• Fulfilling the conditions for the granting of refugee status

• Without flight alternative within the country of origin

• No entry via a "safe third country"


Entry Application

Dublin Procedure


Protection Status


# 25

Claim for Asylum

Hearing at the BAMF

§ 3 I AsylVfG – Refugee Status:

• Outside the country of nationality or stateless persons

• From founded fear of persecution

• Because of race, nationality ,political opinion or membership in a particular social group

• Protection not possible in the country of origin

• No exclusion (§ 3 II AsylVfG)


Entry Application

Dublin Procedure


Protection Status


# 26

Claim for Asylum

Hearing at the BAMF

§ 4 I AsylVfG – European subsidiary Protection:

• Threat of serious injury in the country of origin

• Protection is not possible in the country of origin

• No exclusion


Entry Application

Dublin Procedure


Protection Status


# 27

Claim for Asylum

Hearing at the BAMF

§ 60 AufenthG Prohibition of Deportation:

• Obstacles for deportation caused by the country of destination specific conditions in the country of destination of the deportation

• Ex officio review

• § 60 V AufenthG: Danger of violation of human rights

• § 60 VII AufenthG: Danger for life, health or freedom

• Within the Asylpaket II significant restriction of § 60 VII AufenthG


Entry Application

Dublin Procedure


Protection Status


# 28

Claim for Asylum

Hearing at the BAMF

§ 60 a AufenthG „temporary suspension of deportation“:

• domestic related obstacles for deportation.

• § 60a II 1 AufenthG deportation is not enforceable by facts

• §60a II 2 AufenthG urgent humanitarian reasons

• Not a residence permit!


Entry Application Protection Status


# 29

Dublin Procedure


Claim for Asylum

Hearing at the BAMF


Entry Application Hearing at the BAMF

Protection Status

§ 25 I 1 AufenthG § 25 II 1 Var. 1 AufenthG § 25 II 1 Var. 2

AufenthG § 25 III AufenthG


# 30

Decision Dublin

Procedure Basis for the

Decison Claim for Asylum

§ 60 II - VII AufenthG Prohibition of Deportation

Art. 16 a

GG

§ 3 I AsylVfG

Refugee Status

§ 4 I AsylVfG

Subsidiairy Protection

Asylum Procedure


Entry

Claim for Asylum

Application

Dublin Procedure

Hearing at the BAMF

Basis for the Decision

Protection Status

Decision


# 31

Duration of the Asylum Proceedings From 2014, in Months

# 32 08.06.2016


Unprocessed Asylum Applications

# 33 08.06.2016


Alternatives to the Refugee Status


Residence Permit

Asylum Right of Residency


# 34


Residence permit according to § 7 AufenthG

• Apprenticeship, §§16,17 AufenthG.

• Employment, §§ 18 und 21 AufenthG ( for § 18 AufenhG the approval of the Federal Employment Agency is required

• § 18a AufenthG, § 60a II S 4 AufenthG during or after a apprenticeship.

• Research, § 20 AufenthG.


Important: § 25a AufenthG & § 25b AufenthG


# 35

• Four years residence permit or temporary suspension of deportation

• Education or apprenticeship

• Below 21 years old

• Positive integration perspective

Parents § 25a II 1 AufenthG

• Eight or six years residence permit or temporary suspension of deportation

• Livelihood assured

• German language knowledge



§ 25a AufenthG § 25b AufenthG


# 36

Contact:

[email protected]

Thank you for listening!



# 37

mailto:[email protected]



Introduction to Asylum Law - Junge Akademie: Home · Important: § 25a AufenthG & § 25b AufenthG...

Documents

Transcript of Introduction to Asylum Law - Junge Akademie: Home · Important: § 25a AufenthG & § 25b AufenthG...