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  • Introduction

    Thisisabookabouttheevolution,contributionandimpactofthebodyofwork

    known as Discursive Psychology (DP). Beginning in psychology, over the past

    twentyfive years DP has developed into a massively influential field with

    trajectories throughout the range of academic disciplines and substantial

    nationalandinternationalimpactonhowweunderstandandstudypsychology

    andparticularlyhowweconceptualizelanguageandsocialaction.

    Fromits undisciplinedbeginnings(Billig,2012)DPdeveloped intoanoriginal

    andinnovativeprogramofresearchintothenormativeorderofeverydaylife

    (Edwards, 2012, p. 434). DPs early eclecticism has sprung into a systematic

    approach to all things social from everyday interactional encounters to

    institutionalsettingsandtheanalysisofwidersocialissuesandsocialproblems.

    To define DP, we borrow one from one of its founders and main

    proponents,DerekEdwards.TodoDPis todosomethingthatpsychologyhas

    not alreadydone in any systematic, empirical, andprincipledway,which is to

    examine how psychological concepts (memory, thought, emotion, etc.) are

    shaped for the functions they serve, in and for thenexus of social practices in

    which we use language (Edwards, 2012, p. 427). This volume takes DPs

    respecificationoftheseconceptsasitssubjectmatterandisdesignedtogivethe

    reader an enriched understanding of the particular background of discursive

    psychology.Themainaimofthisvolumeistoinviteaclearerrecognitionof,and

    engagementwith, theearly intellectualdebates,originstories, thathavedriven

  • the discursive psychological project forward. It also aims to give the first

    systematicrepresentationofitscontemporaryintellectualimage.

    We have collected in this volume commentaries and reflections on key

    ideas of the discursive project in social psychology found in classic studies

    writtenbycurrentandformermembersoftheDiscourseandRhetoricGroupat

    Loughborough University: Charles Antaki, Michael Billig, Susan Condor, Derek

    Edwards, Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell. The commentators are a

    mixture of both younger and established, internationally renowned, scholars,

    whose ownwork has been inspired and driven by ideas in these foundational

    texts.TheseclassicstudieshaveplayedakeyroleintheemergenceofDP;thatis,

    they are not only highly cited, but have defined the shape that discursive

    psychology takes today.Most of the studieswere conducted in the 1980s and

    1990sbutwehavealso includedsomemorerecentpaperswrittenafter2000.

    The various ways in which DP has developed its concepts, methodological

    apparatus,andsoon,canbetracedbacktoanumberofsuchstudies.DPsmain

    theoretical and methodological tenets have been explained and illustrated in

    various edited collections and special issues (Hepburn & Wiggins, 2005;

    Hepburn&Wiggins, 2007; teMolder & Potter, 2005;Wiggins & Potter, 2008;

    Augoustinos&Tileag,2012).However,thereisnocollectionofsystematicand

    criticalappraisalofitsfoundational,keyorclassicstudies.

    WhatmakesaDPclassic?

    Thepapersweincludedherearehighlycited,but,paradoxically,havenotbeen

    theconcernofdirectexegesis.Althoughtheyarediscussedinsomeintroductory

    textbooks(e.g.,McKinlay&McVittie,2008),withveryfewexceptions,theyhave

  • notbeen,routinely,subjectedtocriticalscrutiny.Weselectedthepapersaspart

    ofwhatwe are defining as DPs received canon. In asking our contributors to

    engagecriticallyandreflectivelywiththem,wewantedtorecuperatetheirvalue

    for discursive psychologys project, and also make their argument more

    accessibletoalargeraudience.Ouraimistoremindbothcolleaguesandcritics

    ofthevalueofcriticalengagementwithdiscursivepsychologysreceivedcanon.

    The studies arenot classics because of their age.Although someof the earlier

    papershaveagedwell,retainingtheirrelevance,itistheirsignificancetoanew

    discursivepsychologypublicthatguidedourselection.Theyarepapersthat, in

    somecases,containguidelinesfordoingDPbut,moreoften,DPscommitmentto

    following analytic recipes is downplayed. They are consciouslynot concerned

    with guidelines, but with providing a grounding for a certain philosophy,

    orientation, to researching social life. The studies explored in this book are

    challengingpsychologysreceivedideasaboutepistemology,theory,method,etc.

    Theyareconcernedwithhumanaccountability,humanaffairsinageneralsense,

    inandaspartofeverydayandinstitutionalpractices.

    In our selectionwewanted to capturewhatwe think is particular and

    original about discursive psychology: its diversity. Contrary to superficial

    impressions,DPisadiversefieldofenquiry.Thisisabookthatemphasizesthe

    diversityoftopics,issues,varietyandbreadthofassumptions,andtheirplacein

    thediscursivepsychologyproject. It is the first anthology to addressDP as an

    established field of study, which is developing an original and critical

    understandingoftheroleofdiscourseandsocialpracticesforthestudyofsocial

    andpsychologicalphenomenaandsocialissues.AlthoughsomecaricatureDPas

    ignoringissuesofpower,politics,socialproblems,etc.DPengagesdirectlywith

  • such issues as both resource and topic. The example of numerous applied

    interventions designed around researching and unpacking interactional

    practices (Stokoeetal.,2012)aswellas theexampleof researchstudiesusing

    interviewsorpublictextstoexplorethereproductionofinequalityandunequal

    power relations (Tileag, 2005; HansonEasey and Augoustinos, 2011), are all

    examplesofDPintheserviceofsomeparticularcriticalagenda.

    This book is therefore intended both as an introduction to discursive

    psychology for scholarsnew to the field, aswell asmoreadvanced intellectual

    toolforthosewhowishtounderstanddiscursivepsychologyinmoredepth.The

    chaptersareretrospective, lookingbackat the innovationsmade in thepapers

    underdiscussion,butalsoprospective,trackingtheimpacton,trajectoryof,and

    contributiontosubsequentwork.Thebookaskswhatcanstillbegainedfroma

    dialogue with these classic studies, and which epistemological and

    methodological debates are still running, or are worth resurrecting. What

    remains of the challenges set out by seminal texts and debates they have

    engendered?HowcanDP inspireanewgenerationof (social)psychologists to

    conductinnovativeandgroundbreakingstudieslookingatpracticalproblemsin

    therealworld?WhataresomeoftheintellectualthreadsthatcanpushDPinto

    the future? The upshot is to promote new ways of thinking about the

    epistemologicalandmethodologicalgroundsofwhatdiscursivepsychologistsdo,

    the ideas they explore, the critiques they develop, the research avenues they

    take,theimpactthatsomeoftheirideashave(ormighthaveinthefuture).We

    are extremely grateful to colleagues that have responded so positively to this

    project.

  • Understandingtheparticularbackgroundofdiscursivepsychology

    ThetermdiscursivepsychologywasfirstcoinedbyEdwardsandPotter(1992)

    in their book of the same title. DPs roots lie in a variety of theoretical

    philosophical and empirical traditions. In addition to ethnomethodology and

    conversation analysis, these include the language philosophy of Wittgenstein

    (1958)andAustin(1962),constructivistapproachestohumandevelopment(e.g.

    Vygotsky,1978),andsocialstudiesofscience(e.g.Gilbert&Mulkay,1984).

    DPsoriginalgoalwas tounpack, critiqueand respecify (Button,1991)

    thetopicsofsocial,developmentalandcognitivepsychology,andtheirmethods

    of investigation (Edwards & Potter, 2001). It therefore aimed to challenge

    mainstream psychology in much the same way that ethnomethodology and

    conversationanalysis challengedmainstreamsociology (seeBenwell&Stokoe,

    2006).DPcomprisesafundamentalshiftfromtreatingpsychologicalstates(e.g.

    anger, intention, identity) as operating behind talk, causing people to say the

    thingstheydo.Inthisway,DPchallengesthetraditionalpsychologicaltreatment

    of languageasachannel tounderlyingmentalprocesses,andtheexperimental

    study of those processes. Instead, it studies how commonsense psychological

    concepts are deployed in, oriented to and handled in the talk and texts that

    comprise social life. Thus language is not treated as an externalization of

    underlyingthoughts,motivations,memoriesorattitudes,butasperformativeof

    them.Notethatthesearenotontologicalclaimsaboutthestatusofinnerminds

    orexternalrealities.Theexternalworld,orpeoplestraitsanddispositions,are

    treated by speakers as common sense evidential resources for making

    inferences,buildingdescriptions,resistingaccusationsofinterest,andsoon.

  • DPunderstandsdiscourse asactionoriented,whereby actions are to be

    analysedintheirsituatedcontextratherthanasdiscreteunitsofactivity(Potter,

    2003). Discourse is both constructed: people talk by deploying the resources

    (words, categories, commonsense ideas) available to them, and constructive:

    peoplebuildsocialworldsthroughdescriptionsandaccountsthereof(Wetherell,

    2001). DP therefore examines members situated descriptions of persons,

    categories,eventsandobjects,drawingheavilyonconversationanalysis for its

    analytic method. It investigates, for example, how factual descriptions are

    produced in order to undermine alternative versions, to appear objective and

    reasonableorweakandbiased,anddealwiththespeakersandothersmotives,

    desires,intentionsandinterests(Billig,1987;Edwards&Potter,1992).

    Sinceitsinceptioninthelate80sandearly90s,DPhasdevelopedalong

    two main trajectories. DPs original engagement with ethnomethodology and

    conversationanalysissubstantially influenced theevolutionof itsmethodsand

    analyticfocusand,inrecentyears,has,inturn,influencedmanyinconversation

    analysis, particularly with regards to debates about action description (e.g.,

    Edwards,2005)andcognition(seethespecialissueofDiscourseStudies,2006).

    Asecond, criticalDPstrandismorecloselyalignedtopoststructuralism,with

    approachestoanalysiscombiningattentiontoconversationaldetailwithwider

    macro structures and culturalhistorical contexts (Wetherell, 1998). The two

    trajectories,andtheclassicdebatebetweenWetherellandoneofthefounders

    of conversation analysis, Emanuel Schegloff, is revisited in Chapter one of this

    book.

    The two traditions have resulted in quite distinct bodies of empirical

    work. On one hand, CAaligned DP focused studies on understanding theway

  • psychologicalmatters,understoodasorientedtoissuesininteraction,impacton

    thedesignandorganizationofeverydayandinstitutionalencounters,fromchild

    protection helplines (e.g., Hepburn & Potter, 2012) to police interviews with

    suspects(e.g.,Stokoe&Edwards,2007),andfrominteractionincarehomesfor

    disabledpersons(e.g.,Antaki,2013)toinvestigatingpsychiatricassessmentsof

    differentpatientgroups(e.g.,Speer&McPhillips,2013).Ontheotherhand,DP

    studiesofhow interaction, conversationand textsoperatewithinwider social,

    culturalandpoliticalcontexts(Tileag,2011;Augoustinosetal.,2011),

    It isperhapsappropriate tonote thatmostof themisunderstandingsof

    the discursive psychology project are, arguably, misunderstandings of its

    particular background and subsequent trajectory. Novices sometimes find the

    landscapeofDPbewildering.Thereareat least three importantcharacteristics

    thatshouldfindtheirwayinanydescriptionofDP.ThesedealwithwhatDPis

    not.

    First,asPotterargues,DA/DPisneitheraselfcontainedparadigmnora

    standalonemethod that canbeeasilymixandmatchedwithothers (2003,p.

    787). Edwards notes that DP rests upon a very different, and noncausal

    conception of what makes social actions orderly and intelligible. Rather than

    conceivingofpeoplesthoughtsandactionsasresultingfromtheinterplayofa

    range of causal variables,DP approaches themas thingsdone andunderstood

    with regard to an empirically and conceptually tractable normative order.

    (Edwards,2012,p.432).

    Second,DPisnotauniversalapproachtodiscourse,talkininteraction,or

    ideology,butisconcernedwithparticularclaimsinparticularsettingsthathave

    particular consequences.DPoffersparticularisticanswers togeneralquestions

  • and reframes debates around psychologys central quandaries (experience,

    mindbody,thenatureofselfandidentity,categorization,prejudice,andsoon).

    WearguethatitisDPsparticularismthatconstitutesDPsoriginalcontribution

    topsychologyandthesocialsciences.ThosewhoequateDPsparticularismwith

    reductionism routinely miss its central epistemological thrust and theoretical,

    andempirical,diversity.

    Third, there is a tendency to pigeonhole DP among qualitative

    approaches.Althoughitcanbebroadlysituatedwithin qualitativepsychology,

    itdoesnotshareitsoverallontologicalandepistemologicalorientation.Neither

    doesitshareitsmethods;themainproponentsofDPstudytheworldusingwhat

    Stokoe (2012) describes as designedly largescale qualitative data; that is,

    databases of hundreds of instances of recorded encounters, rather than small

    scale interview studies of talk generated through a researcher. This does not

    mean,however,thatDPcannotanddoesnotenterintoaconstructivedialogue

    with the different/various branches of qualitative inquiry such as action

    research, narrative research, ethnography, and other styles of doing discourse

    analysis.

  • Outlineofchapters

    Each chapter offers a critical reflection of a foundational text using a similar

    structure which includes a) summarizing the paper, and locating it in its

    academiccontextidentifyingtheconcernsthatmotivatedtheauthor/s,andthe

    particular perspective that informed their thinking; b) identifying the main

    empirical,theoreticalormethodologicalcontributionofthepaperanditsimpact

    onsubsequentworkinDP, includingtheauthorsownwork;andc)concluding

    withacriticalconsiderationofhowDPcancontinuetodevelop.Chapterscanbe

    readintheordersuggestedintheoutline.However,mostchapterscanberead

    (and used) on their own by researchers with specific interests. The book is

    dividedintofoursections:Epistemologyandmethod;Cognition,emotionandthe

    psychological thesaurus;Socialcategories, identityandmemory;andPrejudice,

    racism andnationalism. These sections unite several threads that run through

    thisvolume.

    The first section, Epistemology and method, focuses on discursive

    psychologysconcernwith,anddebateover,thecontextofdiscursiveanalysesof

    talk and text, the realism/relativism controversy, and the production and

    analysis of naturalistic data. The chapter by Ann Weatherall, discusses the

    legacy of Margaret Wetherells work, and revisits the (WetherellSchegloff)

    debate between poststructuralism and conversation analysis (Schegloff, 1997;

    Wetherell,1998).Inherrereadingofthisseminaldebate,Weatherallarguesthat

    whatiskeyistokeeplive,politicalmattersinsystematicandgroundedanalyses

    of texts and talk. She argues that advancing critical agendas is not the sole

    prerogative of critical discursive approaches (in the Wetherell lineage).

    Weatherallusestheexampleoffeministconversationanalysistoillustratehow

  • thistoocanadvancevariouscriticalagendas.Inthenextchapter,ClaraIversen

    offers a cogent rereading of the realism/relativism debate in Edwards et al.

    (1995).Iversenurgesdiscursivepsychologistsnottoabandonorpaperoverold

    debates and consider carefully some of the new epistemological assumptions

    thathavereplaced them.LikeWeatherall, Iversenpoints to thevalueof taking

    relativism seriouslywithout compromising critical agendas and/or cumulative

    research programs. Next, Alexandra Kent revisits an early account of the

    relevanceof conversationanalysis fordiscursivepsychology. She identifies the

    key epistemological andmethodological features of conversation analysis that

    havecontributed to thedevelopmentofdiscursivepsychology.Sheargues that

    the contemporary reliance on the apparatus of conversation analysis for the

    studyofsocializationpractices,socialcategories, intersubjectivity,andsoon, is

    grounded in a series of principles derived from conversation analysiss

    cumulativeresearchprogram.ThecumulativefindingsofCAareagoodbasisfor

    any discursive analysis, especiallywhenwhat is at stake is demonstrating the

    pervasiveness of social order 'at all points (as Sacks would argue). Given the

    continuous relevance of conversation analysis in discursive psychology

    researchers ought to discuss more directly not only the advantages, but also

    some of the challenges brought about by using conversation analysis in their

    work.

    In the next chapter, Simon Goodman and Susan Speer, address the

    distinctionbetweennaturallyoccurringandcontriveddatadrawingonthework

    ofJonathanPotter.Theyargueagainstviewingnaturallyoccurringandsocalled

    contriveddataasdiscrete types.Theycontend that researchusing contrived

    data (data from interviewsor focusgroups)canalsoyieldproductive findings.

  • Byconsideringcarefullytherelationshipbetweenmethod,contextandsourceof

    data discursive psychologists can offer more insightful analyses into situated

    discursive and social practices. Overestimating the primacy of the naturalistic

    record risks losing sight of other ways of producing data, which can still

    considered natural. Chapter five, by Tim Rapley, also engageswith questions

    andargumentsaroundcontext,methodandnatureofdata,whenassessingwhat

    canbegainedfromtreatinginterviewsasbothtopicandresource.

    Thesecondsection,Cognition,emotionandthepsychological thesaurus,

    dealswithpapers that are core inDPs challenge topsychologys conventional

    wayofdealingwithnotionssuchascognition,thought,understanding,attitudes,

    emotion,asproductsofindividualmentalstates.Chaptersinthissectiondiscuss

    and illustrate DPs concerted attempt at the respecification of psychologys

    traditionalthesaurusassituateddiscursivepractices.HedwigteMolderrevisits

    discursive psychologys postcognitive aspiration, and offers a commentary on

    thestatusassignedtocognition in theanalysisof interaction. teMolderargues

    that the flourishing, and promise, of postcognitive interaction research lies in

    carefulanalysisofparticipantssituatedpracticesratherthanrealthinkingand

    underlying,putative,cognitions.

    The chapter by Sally Wiggins offers critical reading of how discursive

    psychologyischallengingsocialpsychologistsunderstandingsoftheconceptof

    attitudes.Wigginschartsthemovefromattitudestoevaluationsbyfocusingon

    two substantive aspects raised in thework of Jonathan Potter: the subtle and

    contingentvariationofevaluativepracticesinsocialinteraction,andtheneedfor

    attending to subjectobject relations. Discursive psychologists should not

  • abandontheconceptofattitudesbutinsteadprovideamorerefineddescription

    ofactualevaluativepracticespeopleuseintheireverydaylives.

    CarrieChildsandAlexaHepburnexplorethelegacyofDPsrespecification

    of emotion taking as their starting point Derek Edwardss work on emotion

    discourse.Thediscursivepsychologyof emotion ispresentedasanenterprise

    that treats emotions as something that can be invoked, described and made

    accountable for the purposes of actions in talk. Childs and Hepburn give

    numerousexamplesofinteractiveusesofemotionterms,anddiscussthevarious

    interactional consequences of avowing or ascribing emotions in everyday and

    institutionalsettings.ChildsandHepburnidentifynewavenuesforadiscursive

    psychologyofemotion:thestudyofempathy,emotionandexperience,etc.Carly

    Butler offers a contemporary exegesis of Derek Edwardss work on DP and

    developmental issues. She considers thought and understanding in childrens

    talk as situateddiscursive practice, and argues that developmental psychology

    and discursive psychology could benefit from amore systematic dialogue and

    interdisciplinaryethos.Inasimilarvein,KarinOsvaldssonaddressesthecritique

    oftheoryofmindfoundinaseminalpaperwrittenbyCharlesAntaki.Sheuses

    the example of child development and the measurement of childrens

    competencetomakethecasethatpsychologicalmodelsbasedonputativeinner

    mental statesandcapabilities cannotaccount satisfactorily for the relationship

    betweensocialinteraction,developmentandissuesofcognitivecompetence.In

    her view discursive psychology plays a crucial role in illuminating the

    contextually boundways inwhich thinking and understanding is displayed in

    social interaction, the steps and actions that people take tomake themselves

    understandable to each other. A shift fromperceptualrealism to rhetoric and

  • situatedinteractionisalsotobefoundindiscursiveworkonscriptformulations.

    NeillKorobovarguesthatthisshiftisparamountinunderstandinghowonecan

    analyze in noncognitive terms psychological notions (like scripts) that are

    traditionallydescribedincognitiveterms.

    The third section examines DPs core writing in the areas of Social

    categories, identity and memory. This is, of course, not removed from DPs

    respecification project, and attends to the nature and uses of social categories

    and identities, interactional dimensions of memory and remembering, script

    formulations,aswellasDPsengagementwithstudyingmediateddiscoursesof

    variouskinds. In their respective chapters,RichardFitzgerald andSeanRintel,

    and SueWiddicombe, take up the issue of categorization as something we do

    things with, and expand it to a series of fresh insights for researching social

    categoriesandidentitiesintalkandtext.FitzgeraldandRintelusetheexampleof

    affinities between discursive psychology and membership categorisation

    analysis tocall forareorientationtowardsresearchingcategoriesasmembers

    phenomena.Widdicombesexegesisbringsthequestionofwhy,howandwhen

    categoriesbecomerelevanttobearupontraditionalsocialpsychologicalworkin

    social identity and selfcategorization theories. She argues that researcher

    generatedquestionscanbeprofitablyreplacedorcomplementedwithquestions

    thatarisefromthecarefulappraisalofidentitycategoriesineverydaycontexts,

    asusedandorientedtobyparticipants.Bothchaptersargueagainstanapriori

    notion of social categories and identities. Both argue that starting with

    participants orientations is crucial to an understanding of society and its

    categories through interactions of members. Whereas traditional social

    psychological approaches propose a perceptualrealist take on categories and

  • identities, discursive approaches emphasize the situated rhetorical and

    interactional nature of categories and identities. The topic of earlywork on

    interactional remembering, and contemporary reverberations is discussed by

    SteveBrownandPaulaReavey.Althoughtheyareinbroadagreementwiththe

    basic assumptions of a discursive psychology of remembering they argue that

    the full potential of a discursivepsychologyofmemory is not fulfilledwithout

    the acknowledgment and inclusion of what authors call extradiscursive

    matters, issues of embodied action, mediated communication, temporality,

    biography,morality,andsoon.FrederickAttenboroughisshowinghowDPcan

    beusedtorecontextualiseandredescribemediatedcommunicationinthepublic

    sphere.DPisnotantinomicaltoaprojectofchartingtherhetorical, interactive,

    situated communications of the media; quite the contrary with an analytic

    apparatus attuned to the various uses and functions of common sense

    psychologicalthesaurus,andsensitivitytoanalysingdescriptions/accountsDPis

    perfectlypositionedtocontribute toasystematicprojectofanalysingmedia in

    action.

    The final section, Prejudice, racism and nationalism, deals with DPs

    longstandingconcernwith ideology, andquestionsof context(s) thatmove the

    analysis beyond the mechanics and pragmatics of momentbymoment turn

    taking.DPhasalongtraditionofwhatJonathanPotterhasrecentlycalledmore

    ideologicalstreamsofdiscoursework(2012,p.437).Thepaperschosenforthis

    section are only a few, illustrious, early examples of this trend in researching

    prejudice, racism, nationalism. The commentators are the exponents of an

    establishedstrandofdiscourseworkthatengagesmorecloselywiththefindings

    andinsightsofmainstream(social)psychology,andurgesdiscursivepsychology

  • toincludeintheiranalysesissuessuchrhetoric,embodiedverbalandnonverbal

    practices,materialandextradiscursiveenvironments,mediatedcommunication,

    widerpowerdynamicsatsocietallevel.

    MarthaAugoustinosrevisitsthestoryofthesignificanceoftherhetorical

    turninsocialpsychologyforthestudyofprejudice,andhowthisopenedanew

    and original way to examine the language of prejudice in text and talk. The

    quandaries of everyday and institutional prejudice can be more confidently

    approached and analysed by using discursive and rhetorical methods. Kevin

    DurrheimoffersacommentaryonCondorsclassiccritiqueofracestereotypesin

    social psychology. Durrheim credits Condors work as the first systematic

    attempt at highlighting that stereotyping and prejudice originate in the

    interactionalcontextbetweenpeople.Yet,asDurrheimargues,racestereotypes

    arenotonlyconstructedlinguisticallybutalso,incontradictoryandambivalent

    ways, in discourses and social practices (including those of researchers) that

    support or critique inequality and dominance. In developing an argument

    aroundstereotypingandprejudice,Durrheimalsopointstosomeofthelimitsof

    discursiveanalysisofstereotypingandprejudice.

    IntheirrereadingofthePotterandWetherell1988classicJohnDixonand

    StephanieTaylormakeacaseforresearchingracistevaluationsbyestablishing

    (necessary) links between the physical environments inwhich evaluations are

    constructed and wider power struggles within a society. They show how a

    critiqueofthetraditionalconceptofattitudedoesnothavetobelimitedtothe

    primacy of linguistic constructions. Treating racial evaluations as more than

    linguistic evaluations, and understanding the relationship between discursive

    practices and what they call embodied practices of social evaluation is as

  • important.StephenGibsonengageswithBilligsbanalnationalismthesisasan

    illustrationofideologicalanalysisofbroaderideologicalthemes.Heshowshow

    Billigs critique of Rorty proceeds by uncovering unstated assumptions and

    hiddenideologicalthemes.Gibsonarguesthatideologicalanalysisshouldretain

    its place indiscursivepsychology as adriver for critical agendasnot only in

    identifyingandanalyzingbroadersocietal ideological themesbutalsoasa tool

    againsttheincreasinglyconventionalandconventionalizedacademiccapitalism.

    *

    Over the course of more than twentyfive years, DP has developed, and

    transformed, into an original and innovative program of research with far

    reachingimpactforbothpsychologyandformanyotherdisciplines.Researchers

    have been drawn to its radically reversed understanding of language as an

    actionoriented,worldbuildingresource,ratherthanatooloftransmissionand

    straightforwardcommunicationfromonemindtoanother.Theyhavealsobeen

    drawn to its methods for understanding social life and its rejection of more

    traditional, researcherdriven (whether qualitative or quantitative) ways to

    understandhumansociality.AsLoughboroughDARGmembersourselves,weare

    veryproudtoworkinthetraditionsbuiltbyourcolleaguesandarepassionate

    about its contribution to psychology and beyond, as well as to its

    comprehensibility. We hope that this book contributes to make DPs

    transformation,andDPsparticularism,understandable,andhopethatitworks

    todismisswhatareoftencaricaturedmisunderstandingsofitsbroaderaimsand

    visionaswellaslocalpracticesforempiricalworking.Wealsohopeitwillhelp

    foster more critical perspectives upon DPs intellectual and empirical agenda.

  • Discursive psychology is, and can continue to be, an intellectual home for any

    researcherthattakesseriouslythestudyofsituatedsocialpractices.

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