Promotion of Pulses through Inter-Cropping in Kharif Season 2.
Introduction of short duration pulses into rice-based cropping systems in western Bangladesh
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Transcript of Introduction of short duration pulses into rice-based cropping systems in western Bangladesh
Introduction of short duration pulses into rice-based cropping systems in western Bangladesh
Imran Malik, Ken Flower, Matiur Rahman, William Erskine
Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture
Project: CIM-2009-038
Partners and Collaborators
• ACIAR- funded from January 1, 2011 for 5 years
• Commissioned organisation: The University of Western Australia
• Collaborating partner: PBA/Vic. DPI (Peas)• Collaborating IARC: ICARDA (Lentils)• In-country coordination: IRRI• Major research partners: BARI, BRRI• Other partners: DAE and NGOs
Bangladesh statistical information
Population : 164 million
Area: 144 000 km2
Agricultural land: 90 000 km2
Forest area: 8664 km2
Outline
• Background• Approach taken• Possible constraint • Potential collaborations and prospects
Background
Rice (main crop)
77% agricultural area
82% of calories 53% of protein
FAOSTAT, 2011
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
0
50
100
150
200
Year
Lentil
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
020406080
100 Pea
Pro
duct
ion
ton
(X10
00)
Pulse production decreased
1985 2009
CropsArea
(10000 ha)Prod
(10000 t)Area
(10000 ha)Prod
(10000 t)
Boro 153 367 472 1781
Wheat 54 104 39 84
Potato 11 110 39 53
Maize 1 0.7 13 73
Change of major crop production
100 mm
200 mm
300 mm
400 mm
0 mm
Crop Calender and rain pattern of Bangladesh
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Aman
Aus
Boro
Rain data from S. Shahid (2010) Int. J. Climatol. 30: 2299–2313
Sowing Harvest
Robi
Aim of the project
Increase pulse production• In rice cropping system• New agronomic practice• Capacity building of the researchers and growers
Pulses
Lentil Field Pea Mung Bean
Strategies to achieve the goal
• Widen window between rice crops
• Early maturing lentil and field pea
• Relay cropping of short duration pulses
• Short duration Mung bean
• Up-scaling of short duration pulses varieties
Current practice Target practice
Aman rice- Fallow- Boro Aman rice-pea-Boro
Aman rice- Fallow- Boro Aman rice- lentil/pea (relay)-Mung
Aman rice-rabi crops- Fallow Aman rice-rabi crops- Mung
Cropping patterns targeted
T. Aman
BRRI dhan33 119 days
BRRI dhan49 141 days
Widen window from rice side
Super early lentil
Super early lentil (flower in 50 d)
Local lentil (flower in 65 d)
• Resource capture (e.g. moisture, nutrient)
• Conservation tillage
• Hasten maturity
Why Relay Cropping
Lentil into standing rice
Pea after rice harvest
Lentil after rice harvest
Happy Farmer with his relay Pea crop
At field day
Major findings of year 1
• Early aman rice allow green pea before Boro
• Identified early pea genotypes
• Relay sown lentil/pea between T.Aman and T.aus/Mung
• On-farm Lentil (relay sown) and Mung demonstrations
Crop Calender
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Aman
Kharif 1
Boro
Sowing Harvest
F. Pea
Lentil
G. Pea
• Soil Waterlogging
• Diseases and Pests
Constraints for growing legumes
These constraints have adverse effect on plant growth and yield
Lentil
Boro rice
Soil WaterloggingDrought
Stemphylium blight
Powdery mildew
Rust
Flower dropping caused by thrips
• Management practice:– Resource capture – Conservation tillage– Modelling reliability of window– Intercropping
• Altering inputs: – Cultivars– fertilizer
Strategies to cope with climate change at agronomic level
Potential collaboration and future direction
• LWR/2008/019 (CCAS)(Developing multi-scale climate change adaptation strategies for farming communities in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Bangladesh and India )
• LWR/2010/080 (OAMC)(Overcoming agronomic and mechanisation constraints to development of conservation agriculture in diversified rice-based cropping in Bangladesh)
• Similar cropping pattern to Bangladesh
• Myanmar (need to explore)
• India (Eastern)
• Nepal (relay cropping of lentil)
Potential collaboration cont......
• Nutritional benefit • Water use (resource capture)• Climate change and mitigation• Greenhouse gas emission• Energy budget• Soil health• Beyond agronomy
Dimension of impacts
Thank you