J i P d J í A d Ab l S l d J i AJavier Paredes, Joaquín Andreu, Abel Solera, and Javier ArnauWater Resources Engineering GroupInstituto Universitaro de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente (IIAMA) (Water and Environmental Engineering Research Institute)Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. Spain.(jparedea@hma.upv.es)

INTRODUCTION

Main Tributaries:

LLOBREGAT RIVER BASIN

Main Tributaries:Cardener river.Anoia river.

Reservoirs:La Baells (109 Hm3).L Ll d l C ll (80 H 3)La Llosa del Cavall (80 Hm3).Sant Ponç (24 Hm3).

oductio

n1.

Intro

Features Units LlobregatArea Km2 4948Area Km 4948Mean annual precipitation mm 675Water Resources availability Hm3 693.7Rate WRA/area Hm3/Km2 0.14Reservoir storage capacity Hm3 213

[2]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURESUrban Waste Water Loads of people living in the basin.p p gHigh industrial activity.Mediterranean hidrology (frequent droughts)

iff i f i i i iDiffuse pollution becuse of salt miner activities.

WATER QUALITY PROBLEMSWATER QUALITY PROBLEMS

Vulneravility of the Llobregat system.Achieve the good ecological status of the waterb diod

uctio

n

bodies.

Improve water quality for potabilization.Water quality dependence on river flows 1.Intro

Water quality dependence on river flows.

Purpose of the research: Development of a water quality model forp p q yLlobregat River Basin. Annalyzing different possible scenarios of wastewater treatment, drought situation and management of thesystem. 

[3]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

Water Quality ProblemsQ y

Flows: Water Quality MonitoringAvailable data

Flows:Period 2001 - 2011

Gauged stations.

Water Quality Monitoringnetwork :Period 2003 – 2006 (2006-2011)

water supplies.stg. reservoirs evolution.

Constituents:– Conductivity.– Total Organic Carbon (TOC).

O dblem

s

– DOB 5 days.– Dissolved Oxygen.– Saturation percentage DO. – Amonnia..lit

yProb

Waste Water TreatmentPlants (WWTPs):

Period 2003 – 2007 (2007-2011)

Amonnia..– Nitrites.– Nitrates.– Nitrogen Kjeldahl.

Ph h tater

Qua

Period 2003 2007 (2007-2011)Features of the WWTP.monthly flow discharges.water quality effluent

– Phosphates.– Total phosphorous.– Water Temperature.– pH.

2. W

a

water quality effluent. pH.

[6]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

Main WWTPsWWTPs mean flow (m3/s)

Sallent 0.03

Navarclés 0.067

Manresa 0.325

Castellbell i El Villar 0.029

Monistrol de Montserrat 0.026

Igualada 0 213blem

s

Igualada 0.213

Riudebitlles 0.014

Abrera 0.209

M t ll 0 103lityProb

Biological and physical

Martorell 0.103

TOTAL 1.015

ater

Qua

g p yprocesses:Good treatment for organicmatter(BOD5< 20 mgO2/l).Good status for treatment for DQO

2. W

a

Good status for treatment for DQO and Suspended Solids.MONISTROL DE MONTSERRAT

RIUDEBITLLESRIUDEBITLLES

[7]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

Main WWTPs

ems

tyProb

leterQ

ualit

2. W

at

[7]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

ETAP Abrera: Category A2 ‐ A3

Medium – Low Llobregat

456

mgNH4/l Amonnia

ETAP SJD: Category A3

01234

/200

3/200

3/200

3/200

3/200

3/200

3/200

4/200

4/200

4/200

4/200

4/200

4/200

5/200

5/200

5/200

5/200

5/200

5/200

6/200

6/200

6/200

6/200

6/200

6

1.5 mgP2O5/l Phosphates

01/01/

01/03/

01/05/

01/07/

01/09/

01/11/

01/01/

01/03/

01/05/

01/07/

01/09/

01/11/

01/01/

01/03/

01/05/

01/07/

01/09/

01/11/

01/02/

01/04/

01/06/

01/08/

01/10/

01/12/

Amonio ‐ Olesa De Montserrat  Amonio ‐ Sant Joan Despí 

blem

s

0

0.5

1

003

003

003

003

003

003

004

004

004

004

004

004

005

005

005

005

005

005

006

006

006

006

006

006lityProb

01/01/20

01/03/20

01/05/20

01/07/20

01/09/20

01/11/20

01/01/20

01/03/20

01/05/20

01/07/20

01/09/20

01/11/20

01/01/20

01/03/20

01/05/20

01/07/20

01/09/20

01/11/20

01/02/20

01/04/20

01/06/20

01/08/20

01/10/20

01/12/20

Fosfatos ‐ Olesa De Montserrat  Fosfatos ‐ Sant Joan Despí 

14mgO2/l DO

ETAP Abrera

ater

Qua

02468101214

ETAP Sant í

2. W

a

0

01/01/2003

01/03/2003

01/05/2003

01/07/2003

01/09/2003

01/11/2003

01/01/2004

01/03/2004

01/05/2004

01/07/2004

01/09/2004

01/11/2004

01/01/2005

01/03/2005

01/05/2005

01/07/2005

01/09/2005

01/11/2005

01/02/2006

01/04/2006

01/06/2006

01/08/2006

01/10/2006

01/12/2006

Oxígeno disuelto (lab) ‐ Olesa De Montserrat Oxígeno disuelto (lab) ‐ Sant Joan Despí

Joan Despí

Oxígeno disuelto (lab)  Sant Joan Despí 

[13]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

Water quality modelsq y

DSS AQUATOOLDMA. Module GESCAL (Paredes et al. 2004).

Software

Mechanicistic modePesudo Stationary Annalysis:1-D Advection and dispersion considered.

dels

( ) WCqqCSuCddCEd0 iseed ∑+−++⎟

⎞⎜⎛=al

ityMo

VdxdxE

dx0 +−⎟

⎠⎜⎝

=

Water

Qua

3. W

[15]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

Constituents and processes:

Water quality modelling

Co s ue s a d p ocesses: First order kinetics.Temperature corrections..

PhosphatesConductivitydels

Norg

Mineralization

BOD5Sedimentation

yVSfosf

VSLVSNo

ality

Mod

Mineralization

SOD

Degradation

FlujoKd

KNoa

ater

Qua

NH4+

NitrificactionDO

ReaireaciónKN i

. Wa

NO3‐

Denitrification

ReaireaciónKaKNo3

Nai

[16]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

Water quality modellingRiver lenghts.TopologyWater temperature.Hydraulic:– Simple models.

Nodes.River streches.Demands.

River flowsdata

p– HEC – RAS .

dels

Point Loadsdata

River WQ modelsUpperLlobregat.

CalibrationCalibration

ality

Mo

Demandssupply data

Cardener.Anoia.L

Scenariosimulation

Water

Qua

Waterquality data

Lower-Medium Llobregat.3.

 W

qua y da aObserved

[17]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

Medium lower Llobregat

dels

ality

Mo

Water

Qua

3. W

[20]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

ResultsAverage river concentrations.

dels

ality

Mo

Water

Qua

3. W

[19]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

Scenario simulations

ScenariosDrought situation.Drought situation.Water quality treamtments .Water quality and management relationship.

esults

4. Re

WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

Water quality of efluents:

Water treatment investments

q y

WWTPsconcentrations

BOD5 Nitrificacition PhosphatesManresa 1 3 mgNH4

+/l 3 2 mgP2O5/lManresa 1.3 mgNH4 /l 3.2 mgP2O5/l

Igualada 10 mgO2/l 1.3 mgNH4+/l 3.2 mgP2O5/l

Riudebitlles 20 mgO2/l

Aba) Verano –Invierno

3 2 P O /lAbrera)b) 1.3 mgNH4

+/l3.2 mgP2O5/l

Castellbell i El Villar 1.3 mgNH4+/l 3.2 mgP2O5/l

Monistrol de Montserrat 20 mgO2/l Verano ‐ Invierno 3.2 mgP2O5/lesults

g 2/ g 2 5/

Martorella) Verano –Inviernob) 1.3 mgNH4

+/l3.2 mgP2O5/l

Proposed scenarios:

4. Re

Proposed scenarios:

Base scenario ImprvementManresa

Optimaltreatments (1)( )

Improvedtreatmentscenario

Combiningtreatments

Optimaltreatments (2)scenario

[30]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

ResultsManresa improvement:

1.5

2

2.5

H4/l

MANRESA IMPROVEMENT‐ ETAP Abrera ‐ Amonnia

0 6

0.8

1

/l

MANRESA IMPROVEMENT‐ ETAP Abrera‐ Phosphates

0

0.5

1yy yy yy yy yy yy yy yy yy yy yy yy yy yy yy yy yy yy

mgN

H

0.2

0.4

0.6

mgP2O

5/

esults

oct‐y

feb‐y

jun‐y

oct‐y

feb‐y

jun‐y

oct‐y

feb‐y

jun‐y

oct‐y

feb‐y

jun‐y

oct‐y

feb‐y

jun‐y

oct‐y

feb‐y

jun‐y

SIT BASE DEP MANRESA Abrera EA (ag arriba)

Calibracion + Q08 Abrera EA (ag arriba)

0

oct‐yy

feb‐yy

jun‐yy

oct‐yy

feb‐yy

jun‐yy

oct‐yy

feb‐yy

jun‐yy

oct‐yy

feb‐yy

jun‐yy

oct‐yy

feb‐yy

jun‐yy

oct‐yy

feb‐yy

jun‐yy

Calibracion + Q08 Abrera EA (ag arriba)

MANRESA IMPROVEMENT ETAP SJD Amonnia

4. Re

2

3

4

NH4/l

MANRESA IMPROVEMENT‐ ETAP SJD ‐ Amonnia

0.81

1.2

O5/l

MANRESA IMPROVEMENT ‐ ETAP SJD ‐ Phosphates

0

1

t‐yy

e‐yy

r‐yy ‐yy

t‐yy

e‐yy

r‐yy ‐yy

t‐yy

e‐yy

r‐yy ‐yy

t‐yy

e‐yy

r‐yy ‐yy

t‐yy

e‐yy

r‐yy ‐yy

t‐yy

e‐yy

r‐yy ‐yy

mgN

0

0.20.40.6

t‐yy

b‐yy

n‐yy

t‐yy

b‐yy

n‐yy

t‐yy

b‐yy

n‐yy

t‐yy

b‐yy

n‐yy

t‐yy

b‐yy

n‐yy

t‐yy

b‐yy

n‐yy

mgP2O

oct

ene

abr

jul

oct

ene

abr

jul

oct

ene

abr

jul

oct

ene

abr

jul

oct

ene

abr

jul

oct

ene

abr

jul

Calibracion + Q08 San Joan Despí (ag arriba)SIT BASE DEP MANRESA San Joan Despí (ag arriba)

oct

feb

jun

oct

feb

jun

oct

feb

jun

oct

feb

jun

oct

feb

jun

oct

feb

jun

SIT BASE DEP MANRESA San Joan Despí (ag arriba)

Calibracion + Q08 San Joan Despí (ag arriba)

[31]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

Conclusions

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions and Future developments

CONCLUSIONSDrought is one of the main pressures in Llobregat water qualityA management-water quality tool is essential for achieve goodecological status of water bodies maintaining water demandsecological status of water bodies maintaining water demandsreliabilities.Future Waste water treatments investments should be consideredanalysing the effect over the systemanalysing the effect over the system

clusions

SHORT TERM DEVELOPMENTSTo Validate and update the model (period 2007-2011)

5. Con

c p (p )To develop SIMGES-GESCAL model.Water quantity-quality simulation scenarios

[34]WaterQualitymodelling under scarcity and drought. Application to Llobregat River Basin (Spain).

Javier Paredes, Joaquín Andreu, Abel Solera, and Javier ArnauInstituto Universitaro de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente (IIAMA) (Water and Environmental Engineering Research Institute)(IIAMA) (Water and Environmental Engineering Research Institute)Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. Spain.(jparedea@hma.upv.es)