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Introduction

Water treatment is collectively, the industrialscale processes that makes water more acceptable

for an end

use , which may be drinking, industry, or medicine. Water treatment is unlike smallscale water sterilization that campers and other people in wilderness area practice. Water

treatment should remove existing water contaminants or so reduce their concentration that their

water becomes fit for its desired end use, which may be safely returning used water to the

environment.

The process involved in treating water for drinking purpose may be solids separation using

physical processes such as settling, filtration, and chemical processes such as disinfection and

coagulation. Biological processes are employed in the treatment of wastewater and these

processes may include. For example aerated lagoons , activated sludge or slow sand filters.

Municipal water supplies are treated by public or private water utilities to make the water

portable and palatable and to insure an adequate supply of water to meet the need of the

community at a reasonable cost. Except in exceedingly rare instances, the entire supply is treated

to drinking water quality for three reason :

it is generally not feasible to supply water of more than one quality

it is difficult to control public access to water not treated to drinking water quality

and a substantial amount of treatment may be required even if the water is not intended

for human consumption.

Raw water is the withdrawn from either a surface water supply of from an underground aquifer.

The water flows or is pumped to a central treatment facility. The treated water is then pumped to

a central treatment facility. The treated water is then pumped under pressure into a distribution

system, which typically consists of a network of pipes interconnected with ground level or

elevated storage facilities. As it withdrawn from the source, surface water is usually screened

through steel bars, typically about 1 in ( 2.54 cm ) thick and about 2 in ( 5.08cm ) apart, to

prevent large objects such as logs or fish from entering the treatment facility. Finer screen are

sometimes employed to remove leaves. If the water is highly turbid, it may be pretreated in a

large basin known as pre-sedimentation basin to allow time for sand and larger silt particles to

settle out.

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Example of water treatment plant processes

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Company involved

The Malacca Water Corporation Berhad (cont 'd) is a company that plays a role in Malacca State water

management and responsible for the treatment and distribution of water in the State. The company has

obtained a licence from the Melaka State Government to provide clean water supply to the residents

through the enactment of the 2004 Agreement. Water supply history Malacca began over a century ago

when Dams Ayer Keroh, located approximately seven (7) miles from the Malacca town was built by ' The

Corps of Royal Engineer ' in around 1898. With built this dam, then it has to provide a source of watersupply to the population in General. Then the supply system for submission to the Municipal Council for

maintaining water supply by paying a total of RM7, 200.00 per annum to the Government as

compensation to cover the cost of the project. When Malacca town is growing so the water supply is

insufficient to meet the needs of the population. Thus, the dam was built by the Department of Asahan

Works and then handed over to the Malacca Municipal Council to operations and maintenance. Both

the cause of water from Asahan and Ayer Keroh has been used to supply water to the city of Malacca.

After the second world war, it turns out that the water supply from these two sources, namely, Asahan

and Ayer Keroh is insufficient to accommodate the increased usage.

Plans were made to build a system of supply and a loan of 490, 000 were in the tree from the

Government. This loan has been obtained but lack of staff have postponed the project until 1952 when

another plant was in the design of Plant Bukit Sebukor. The estimated cost was of 2507, 000.00. in 1963,

the State of Melaka has suffered a long drought and has affected the water supply at critical levels.

Consequently, the source of raw water for Plant Bukit Sebukor was transferred from Sungai Putat in

Batu Berendam into River in Batu Lapan, Durian Tunggal. Durian Tunggal dam was constructed in 1974

and was completed in 1976. This is to accommodate the water supply to the residents of the State of

Melaka. A plant in Bertam has also been built under the same project.

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Melaka had experienced the worst water crisis in its history in 1991 when the Durian Tunggal dam which

is the heart of Malacca State water supply drying in a long drought. This crisis can be resolved in the

short term to build pond water to flushed to the Durian Tunggal dam. Water channeling project sungai

Muar-Melaka completed in 1993 completed the steps of the water crisis in addition to ensure the long

term water supply in the State of Melaka.

In 1993 Malacca water Board has undergone changes name to Malacca Water Corporation (the PUMP)

when it incorporated. On 1 July 2006 the water Corporation had incorporated enterprises being the

leading Water Melaka Berhad (cont 'd). This step to improve water supply services to users of the State

in accordance with the aspirations of the Federal Government through privatisation. After the

incorporated enterprises, Malacca Water Corporation Berhad was given the role and jurisdiction of the

wider without prejudice to all the original Water activities Perbandanan Malacca. Malacca water

company incorporated Berhad is an effort to State Government in order to strengthen the management

and distribution of water supply to the people of the State with the functions, objectives, duties and

powers of the Malacca Water Corporation Berhad which is more extensively.

Objective

expose learning about water treatment plant activities

identify the sample taking microbiological, clams and pesticide residue

knowing the level of water quality or raw water and treated water