Introduc)on

•  SafetyandHealthPrograms•  Objec)veofthiscourseistoprovidetraininginforma)onsothe

studentwillbeabletounderstandthesignificanceofhowaneffec)vesafetyandhealthprogramcanbeinpreven)ngillnesses,injuriesandfatali)esinconstruc)on.

•  Specificeduca)onalobjec)ves:–  Majorbenefitsassociatedwithaneffec)veSafetyandHealthProgram.–  Majorelementsincludedinaneffec)vesafetyandhealthprogram.–  Theintentofsafetyandhealthprogramsandhowtoimprovethem.–  Recognizeemployerrequirementstoprovideforasafetyandhealth

programthateffec)velyreducesandpreventsemployeeinjury,illnessandfatali)es.

Introduc)on

•  Safety–HealthPrograms•  Everyday,workplaceinjuries,illnessesandfatali)es…

–  Causeimmeasurablepainandsufferingtoemployeesandtheirfamilies.

–  Recentes)matesindicatethatworkplaceinjuriesandillnessescostourna)on’sbusinesses$170billionperyearinwastefulandoSenpreventableexpenses.

–  Effec)veSafetyandHealthProgramshaveproventobeadecisivefactorinreducingtheextentandseverityofwork-relatedinjuriesandillnesses.

–  SafetyandHealthProgramswillresultinreducedinjury-relatedcosts.

–  Savings,whenproperlyadministered,willexceedthecostofaworkplacesafetyandhealthprogram.

Introduc)on

•  Safety–HealthPrograms•  LibertyMutuales)matedthatemployerspaid…

–  Almost$1billionperweekfordirectworkers'compensa)oncostsforthemostdisablingworkplaceinjuriesandillnessesin2005.

–  Employersthatimplementeffec)vesafetyandhealthmanagementsystemsmayexpecttosignificantlyreduceinjuriesandillnessesandreducethecostsassociatedwiththeseinjuriesandillnesses,includingworkers’compensa)onpayments,medicalexpenses,andlostproduc)vity.

TIP:EmployersoSenfindthatprocessandotherchangesmadetoimproveworkplacesafetyandhealthmayresultinsignificantimprovementstotheirorganiza)on’sproduc)vityandprofitability.

Introduc)on

•  Requirements•  OSHAregula)onsdonotspecificallyrequireemployerstohaveawri[ensafetyandhealthprogramormanagementsystemhowever…–  employersareadvisedandencouragedtoins)tuteandmaintainaprogramthatprovidesadequatesystema)cpolicies,procedures,andprac)cestoprotecttheiremployeesfrom,andallowthemtorecognize,job-relatedsafetyandhealthhazards.

.

Introduc)on

•  Background•  Overthepast30years…

–  Theoccupa)onalsafetyandhealthcommunityhasusedvariousnamestodescribesystema)capproachestoreducinginjuriesandillnessesintheworkplace.

–  OSHAhasvoluntarySafetyandHealthManagementProgramguidelines,consensusandinterna)onalstandardsusetheterm"SafetyandHealthManagementSystems,"andmanyofOSHA'sstateplanstatesusetermssuchas“SafetyandHealthProgram”,"InjuryandIllnessPreven)onProgram"and"AccidentPreven)onProgram."

TIP:OSHAhaslongrecognizedthatanemployersimplementa)onofaneffec)vesafetyandhealthprogramisawayofdemonstra)nggoodfaithinpromo)ngworkplacesafetyandhealth.

Introduc)on

•  Background•  "InjuryandIllnessPreven)onProgram(I2P2)“–  Regardlessofthe)tle,thecommongoaloftheseapproachesistohelpemployersreduceworkplaceinjuriesandillnessesthroughasystema)cprocessthatproac)velyaddressesworkplacesafetyandhealthhazards.

TIP:Aneffec)veprogramincludesprovisionsforthesystema)ciden)fica)on,evalua)on,andpreven)onorcontrolofgeneralworkplacehazards,specificjobhazards,andpoten)alhazardsthatmayarisefromforeseeablecondi)ons.

Introduc)on

•  States•  WhataretheStatesdoing?

–  Thirty-fourstateshavesometypeofprogramini)a)vesforworkersafetyandhealthprotec)on.

–  Programshaveavarietyofnames,including:AccidentPreven)onPrograms,InjuryandIllnessPreven)onPrograms,andComprehensiveSafetyandHealthPrograms.

–  States'programsalsocomeinavarietyofforms.–  Maybevoluntaryormandatory,comprehensiveorpar)al,applicabletoallemployersoronlytoasubset,andmaybeprovidedbytheStateoccupa)onalsafetyandhealthagencyorthroughtheState'sworkers'compensa)onsystem.

LINK:h[ps://www.osha.gov/dcsp/osp/

Introduc)on

•  OSHA’sContractorRequirement•  FederalOSHArequirestheemployertoini)ateandmaintainsuch

safetyandhealthprogramstoensureasafeandhealthfulplaceofemployment.–  Theseprogramsinclude:

•  Frequentandregularinspec)onsofthejobsites,materials,andequipmenttobemadebycompetentpersonsdesignatedbytheemployers;

•  Prohibi)ngtheuseofanymachinery,tool,material,orequipmentwhichisnotincompliancewithOSHArequirements;

•  Providethenecessarypersonalprotec)veequipment(PPE)toensuresafetyatthejobsite;and

•  Providetrainingorimplementatrainingprogramcompliantwithapplicablestandards.

•  Employersareencouragedtoclearlydocumenttheirsafetyandhealthprograms.

LINK:h[p://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10606

Introduc)on

• Wri[enProgram•  Theextenttowhichtheprogramisdescribedinwri)ng…–  Islessimportantthanhoweffec)veitisinprac)ce.

–  Asthesizeofaworksiteorthecomplexityofahazardousopera)onincreases,however,theneedforwri[enguidanceincreasestoensureclearcommunica)onofpoliciesandpriori)esaswellasaconsistentandfairapplica)onofrules.

Introduc)on

•  MajorElements•  Aneffec)veoccupa)onalsafetyandhealthprogramwillincludethefollowingfourmainelements:– Managementcommitmentandemployeeinvolvement

– Worksiteanalysis–  Hazardpreven)onandcontrol–  Safetyandhealthtraining.

Commitment/Involvement

•  ManagementCommitment•  Theelementsofmanagementcommitmentand

employeeinvolvementare…–  Complementaryandformthecoreofanyoccupa)onalsafetyandhealthprogram.

–  Management'scommitmentprovidesthemo)va)ngforceandtheresourcesfororganizingandcontrollingac)vi)eswithinanorganiza)on.

–  Inaneffec)veprogram,managementregardsworkersafetyandhealthasafundamentalvalueoftheorganiza)onandappliesitscommitmenttosafetyandhealthprotec)onwithasmuchvigortootherorganiza)onalgoals.

Commitment/Involvement

•  EmployeeInvolvement•  Employeeinvolvementprovides

–  Themeansbywhichworkersdevelopand/orexpresstheirowncommitmenttosafetyandhealthprotec)onforthemselvesandfortheirfellowworkers.

Commitment/Involvement

•  ProgramRecommenda)ons•  Recommendedac)ons:

–  Stateclearlyaworksitepolicyonsafeandhealthfulworkandworkingcondi)ons,sothatallpersonnelwithresponsibilityatthesite(andpersonnelatotherloca)onswithresponsibilityforthesite)fullyunderstandthepriorityandimportanceofsafetyandhealthprotec)onintheorganiza)on.

TIP:Inimplemen)ngasafetyandhealthprogram,therearevariouswaystoprovidecommitmentandsupportbymanagementandemployees.

Commitment/Involvement

•  ProgramRecommenda)ons•  Recommendedac)ons:

–  Establishandcommunicateacleargoalforthesafetyandhealthprogramanddefineobjec)vesformee)ngthatgoalsothatallmembersoftheorganiza)onunderstandtheresultsdesiredandmeasuresplannedforachievingthem.

Commitment/Involvement

•  ProgramRecommenda)ons•  Somerecommendedac)ons:

–  Providevisibletopmanagementinvolvementinimplemen)ngtheprogramsothatallemployeesunderstandthatmanagement'scommitmentisserious.

Commitment/Involvement

•  ProgramRecommenda)ons•  Recommendedac)ons:

– Arrangeforandencourageemployeeinvolvementinthestructureandopera)onoftheprogramandindecisionsthataffecttheirsafetyandhealthsothattheywillcommittheirinsightandenergytoachievingthesafetyandhealthprogram'sgoalandobjec)ves.

Commitment/Involvement

•  ProgramRecommenda)ons•  Somerecommendedac)ons:

– Assignandcommunicateresponsibilityforallaspectsoftheprogramsothatmanagers,supervisors,andemployeesinallpartsoftheorganiza)onknowwhatperformanceisexpectedofthem.

Commitment/Involvement

•  ProgramRecommenda)ons•  Recommendedac)ons:

–  Provideadequateauthorityandresourcestoresponsiblepar)essothatassignedresponsibili)escanbemet.Resourcesarecri)cal.

–  Adequateresourcesinclude)me,staffingandbudget.

–  Amountof)me,staffingandbudgetdependsuponthetypeofwork.

–  Themorehazardoustheac)vitythemore)me,staffingandbudgetwillbenecessary.

Commitment/Involvement

•  ProgramRecommenda)ons•  Recommendedac)ons:

– Holdmanagers,supervisors,andemployeesaccountableformee)ngtheirresponsibili)essothatessen)altaskswillbesafelyperformed.

Commitment/Involvement

•  ProgramRecommenda)ons•  Recommendedac)ons:

–  Reviewprogramopera)onsatleastannuallytoevaluatetheirsuccessinmee)ngthegoalsandobjec)vessothatdeficienciescanbeiden)fiedandtheprogramand/ortheobjec)vescanberevisedwhentheydonotmeetthegoalofeffec)vesafetyandhealthprotec)on.

Commitment/Involvement

•  Checklist•  ManagementCommitmentandEmployeeInvolvementChecklist:

–  Developandcommunicateasafetyandhealthpolicytoallemployees.–  Demonstratemanagementcommitmentbyins)llingaccountabilityfor

safetyandhealth,obeyingsafetyrulesandreviewingaccidentreports.–  Conductregularsafetyandhealthmee)ngsinvolvingemployees,

managersandsupervisors.–  Assignresponsibleperson(s)tocoordinatesafetyandhealthac)vi)es.–  Integratesafetyandhealthintobusinessprac)ces(e.g.,purchases,

contracts,designanddevelopment).–  Involveemployeesinsafetyandhealthrelatedac)vi)es(e.g.,self-

inspec)ons,accidentinves)ga)onsanddevelopingsafeprac)ces).–  Recognizeemployeesforsafeandhealthfulworkprac)ces.

WorksiteAnalysis

•  WorksiteAnalysis•  Aprac)calanalysisoftheworkenvironment…

–  Involvesavarietyofworksiteexamina)onstoiden)fyexis)nghazardsandcondi)onsandopera)onsinwhichchangesmightoccurtocreatenewhazards.

–  Unawarenessofahazardstemmingfromfailuretoexaminetheworksiteisasignthatsafetyandhealthpoliciesand/orprac)cesareineffec)ve.

–  Effec)vemanagementac)velyanalyzestheworkandworksitetoan)cipateandpreventharmfuloccurrences.

WorksiteAnalysis

•  SuggestedAc)ons• Measuresrecommendtoiden)fyallexis)ngandpoten)alhazards:–  Conductcomprehensivebaselineworksitesurveyforsafetyandhealthandperiodiccomprehensiveupdatesurveysandinvolveemployeesinthiseffort.

WorksiteAnalysis

•  SuggestedAc)ons• Measuresrecommendtoiden)fyallexis)ngandpoten)alhazards:– Analyzeplannedandnewfacili)es,processes,materials,andequipment.

–  Easiertoiden)fy,analyzeandcorrectworksite,ac)vityandequipmentpoten)alhazardsbeforethehazardiscreated.

WorksiteAnalysis

•  SuggestedAc)ons•  Measuresrecommendtoiden)fyallexis)ngandpoten)al

hazards:–  Contractorsareencouragedtoperformrou)nejobhazards

analyses.–  Ajobhazardanalysis(referredtoasaJHA,JobSafetyAnalysis

(JSA)orAc)vityHazardAnalysis(AHA)isatechniquethatfocusesonjobtasksasawaytoiden)fyhazardsbeforetheyoccur.

–  Itfocusesontherela)onshipbetweentheworker,thetask,thetools,andtheworkenvironment.

–  Ideally,aSeryouiden)fyuncontrolledhazards,youwilltakestepstoeliminateorreducethemtoanacceptablerisklevel.

LINK:h[p://www.osha.gov/Publica)ons/osha3071.pdf

WorksiteAnalysis

•  SuggestedAc)ons•  Measuresrecommendtoiden)fyallexis)ngand

poten)alhazards:–  Assessriskfactorsofergonomicsapplica)onstoworkers'tasks.

–  Construc)onisaphysicallydemandingoccupa)on.–  Construc)onworkforcehandlestasksthatrangefromcarryingheavyloadstoperformingrepe))vetasks,placingthematriskofseriousinjury.

–  Ergonomicrelatedinjuries,suchasstrains,sprains,andwork-relatedmusculoskeletaldisorders,arethemostcommoninjuryresul)ngindaysawayfromwork.

TIP:Theword"Ergonomics"comesfromtwoGreekwords"ergon,"meaningwork,and"nomos"meaning"laws."Theword“ergonomics”isusedtodescribethescienceof"designingthejobtofittheworker,notforcingtheworkertofitthejob."Ergonomicscoversallaspectsofajob,fromthephysicalstressesitplacesonjoints,muscles,nerves,tendons,bonesandthelike,toenvironmentalfactorswhichcaneffecthearing,vision,andgeneralcomfortandhealth.

WorksiteAnalysis

•  SuggestedAc)ons• Measuresrecommendtoiden)fyallexis)ngandpoten)alhazards:–  Conductregularsitesafetyandhealthinspec)onssothatneworpreviouslymissedhazardsandfailuresinhazardcontrolsareiden)fied.

–  Frequencyandextentoftheinspec)onshouldbebasedonthenatureofthehazardandac)vi)es.

WorksiteAnalysis

•  SuggestedAc)ons•  Measuresrecommendtoiden)fyallexis)ngandpoten)alhazards:–  Provideareliablesystemforemployeestono)fymanagementpersonnelaboutcondi)onsthatappearhazardousandtoreceive)melyandappropriateresponsesandencourageemployeestousethesystemwithoutfearofreprisal.

–  Thissystemu)lizesemployeeinsightandexperienceinsafetyandhealthprotec)onandallowsemployeeconcernstobeaddressed.

WorksiteAnalysis

•  SuggestedAc)ons• Measuresrecommendtoiden)fyallexis)ngandpoten)alhazards:–  Inves)gateaccidentsand"nearmiss"incidentssothattheircausesandmeansofpreven)oncanbeiden)fied.

–  Cri)caltoinves)gatewhatbehaviorsandunsafecondi)onspoten)allyledtotheincident.

TIP:Aten-yearstudyofallseriousinjuriesoccurringacrossallDuPontsitesshowedthat:96%oftheinjuriesresultedfromtheunsafeactsofpeopleorfrompoorworkprac)cesOnly4%oftheinjuriesresultedfromunsafecondi)ons

WorksiteAnalysis

•  SuggestedAc)ons•  Measuresrecommendtoiden)fyallexis)ngandpoten)alhazards:–  Analyzeinjuryandillnesstrendsover)mesothatpa[ernswithcommoncausescanbeiden)fiedandprevented.

–  ReviewoftheOSHAinjuryandillnessformsisthemostcommonformofpa[ernanalysis,butotherrecordsofhazardscanbeanalyzedforpa[erns(e.g.inspec)onrecordsandemployeehazardrepor)ngrecords).

TIP:Repeathazards,justlikerepeatinjuriesorillnesses,meanthatcontrolsarenotworking.

WorksiteAnalysis

•  WorksiteAnalysisChecklist•  Evaluateallworkplaceac)vi)esandprocessesforhazards.•  Reevaluateworkplaceac)vi)eswhentherearechangesin:

•  Processes•  Materials•  Machinery

•  Conducton-siteinspec)ons,iden)fyhazardsandtakecorrec)veac)ons.

•  Provideahazardrepor)ngsystemforemployeestoreportunsafeandunhealthfulcondi)ons.

•  Inves)gateallaccidentsandnearmissestodeterminetheirrootcauses.

HazardPreven)onandControl

•  HazardPreven)onandControl•  Wherefeasible,

–  Workplacehazardsarepreventedbyeffec)vedesignofthejobsiteorjob.

–  Wherenotfeasibletoeliminatesuchhazards,theymustbecontrolledtopreventunsafeandunhealthfulexposure.

–  Elimina)onorcontrolmustbeaccomplishedina)melymanneronceahazardorpoten)alhazardisrecognized.

–  Employersshouldestablishprocedurestocorrectorcontrolpresentorpoten)alhazardsina)melymanner.

HazardPreven)onandControl

•  Recommenda)ons•  Controllingexposurestooccupa)onalhazardsis–  Thefundamentalmethodofprotec)ngworkers.–  Hierarchyofcontrols:

•  Elimina)on•  Subs)tu)on•  Engineeringcontrols•  Administra)vecontrols•  Personalprotec)veequipment

TIP:Theideabehindthishierarchyisthatthecontrolmethodsatthetopofthelistarepoten)allymoreeffec)veandprotec)vethanthoseatthebo[om.Followingthehierarchynormallyleadstotheimplementa)onofinherentlysafersystems,oneswheretheriskofillnessorinjuryhasbeensubstan)allyreduced.

HazardPreven)onandControl

•  Recommenda)ons•  Procedures/measures:

– Useengineeringcontrolswherefeasibleandappropriate.

–  Engineeringcontrolsincludesdesignsormodifica)onstoplants,equipment,ven)la)onsystems,andprocessesthatreducethesourceofexposure.

HazardPreven)onandControl

•  Recommenda)ons•  Procedures/measures:

–  Establish,attheearliest)me,safeworkprac)cesandproceduresthatareunderstoodandfollowedbyallaffectedpar)es.

– Understandingandcompliancearearesultoftraining,posi)vereinforcement,correc)onofunsafeperformance,andifnecessary,enforcementthroughaclearlycommunicateddisciplinarysystem.

HazardPreven)onandControl

•  Recommenda)ons•  Procedures/measures:

–  Useadministra)vecontrols.–  Measuresaimedatreducingemployeeexposureand/ordura)on

tohazards.–  Administra)vecontrolsinclude:

•  Schedulingmaintenanceandotherhighexposureopera)onsfor)meswhenfewworkersarepresent(suchasevenings,weekends).

•  Usingjob-rota)onschedulesthatlimittheamountof)meanindividualworkerisexposedtoasubstance.

•  Usingawork-restschedulethatlimitsthelengthof)meaworkerisexposuretoahazard.

–  Administra)vecontrolsarenormallyusedinconjunc)onwithothercontrolsthatmoredirectlypreventorcontrolexposuretothehazard.

HazardPreven)onandControl

•  Recommenda)ons•  Whenexposuretohazardscannotbe…

–  Engineeredcompletelyoutofnormalopera)onsormaintenancework,andwhensafeworkprac)cesandotherformsofadministra)vecontrolscannotprovidesufficientaddi)onalprotec)on,asupplementarymethodofcontrolistheissuanceandeffec)veuseofprotec)veclothingorequipment.

–  Thisiscollec)velycalledpersonalprotec)veequipment,orPPE.

–  PPEmayalsobeappropriateforcontrollinghazardswhileengineeringandworkprac)cecontrolsarebeinginstalled.

HazardPreven)onandControl

•  Recommenda)ons•  Procedures/measures:

– Maintaintheworksiteandequipmenttopreventequipmentbreakdowns.

–  Planandprepareforemergencies,andconducttrainingandemergencydrills,asneeded,toensurethatproperresponsestoemergencieswillbe"secondnature"forallpersonsinvolved.

HazardPreven)onandControl

•  Recommenda)ons•  Procedures/measures:

–  Establishamedicalprogramthatincludesfirstaidonsiteaswellasnearbyphysicianandemergencymedicalcaretoreducetheriskofanyinjuryorillnessthatoccurs.

HazardPreven)onandControl

•  Checklist•  HazardPreven)onandControlinclude:•  Eliminateandcontrolworkplacehazards(e.g.,

engineeringcontrols,worksta)ondesignandworkprac)ces).

•  Establishapreven)vemaintenanceprogram.•  Keepemployeesinformedofsafetyandhealthac)vi)es

andcondi)ons.•  Planforemergencies(e.g.,createanevacua)onplan,

trainemployeesandconductfiredrills).•  Recordandanalyzeoccupa)onalinjuriesandillnesses.

SafetyandHealthTraining

•  SafetyandHealthTraining•  Trainingisanessen)alcomponentofaneffec)vesafety

andhealthprogram.–  Traininghelpsiden)fythesafetyandhealthresponsibili)esofbothmanagementandemployeesatthesite.

–  TrainingisoSenmosteffec)vewhenincorporatedintoothereduca)onorperformancerequirementsandjobprac)ces.

–  Complexityoftrainingdependsonthesizeandcomplexityoftheworksiteaswellasthecharacteris)csofthehazardsandpoten)alhazardsatthesite.

SafetyandHealthTraining

•  EmployeeTraining•  Employeetrainingprograms…

–  Shouldbedesignedtoensurethatallemployeesunderstandandareawareofthehazardstowhichtheymaybeexposedandthepropermethodsforavoidingsuchhazards.

–  Doeseveryoneintheworkplaceknow:•  Theworkplaceplanincaseofafireorotheremergency?•  Generalsitehazardsandhazardsuniquetoaworkersac)vity?•  WhenandwherePPEisrequired?•  Chemicalsusedintheworkplacetoincludetheprecau)onswhenhandlingorotherwiseexposedtothem?

TIP:Trainingcanhelptodeveloptheknowledgeandskillsneededtounderstandworkplacehazardsandsafeprocedures.

SafetyandHealthTraining

•  SupervisoryTraining•  Trainingofsupervisorsiscri)cal.

–  Supervisorsshouldbetrainedtounderstandthekeyroletheyplayinjobsitesafetyandtoenablethemtocarryouttheirsafetyandhealthresponsibili)eseffec)vely.

SafetyandHealthTraining

•  SupervisoryTraining•  Trainingprogramsforsupervisorstopics:

–  Analyzetheworkundertheirsupervisiontoan)cipateandiden)fypoten)alhazards.

–  Maintainphysicalprotec)onintheirworkareas.–  Reinforceemployeetrainingonthenatureofpoten)alhazardsintheirworkandonneededprotec)vemeasuresthroughcon)nualperformancefeedbackand,ifnecessary,throughenforcementofsafeworkprac)ces.

–  Understandtheirsafetyandhealthresponsibili)es.

SafetyandHealthTraining

•  Checklist•  TrainingforEmployees,SupervisorsandManagers

–  Providetrainingonspecificsafeworkprac)cesbeforeanemployeebeginswork.

–  Provideaddi)onaltrainingfornewworkprocessesandwhenaccidentsandnearmissesoccur.

–  Providerefreshertrainingonarou)nebasis.

TIP:Thefiveprinciplesofteachingandlearningshouldbefollowedtomaximizeprogrameffec)veness.Theyare:■Traineesshouldunderstandthepurposeofthetraining.■Informa)onshouldbeorganizedtomaximizeeffec)veness.■Peoplelearnbestwhentheycanimmediatelyprac)ceandapplynewlyacquiredknowledgeandskills.■Astraineesprac)ce,theyshouldgetfeedback.■Peoplelearnindifferentways,soaneffec)veprogramwillincorporateavarietyoftrainingmethods.

Addi)onalProgramElements

•  OSHA’sIIPPProposedRule•  Elements:

–  1.Managementdu)es–  2.Employeepar)cipa)on–  3.Hazardiden)fica)onandassessment–  4.Hazardpreven)onandcontrol–  5.Educa)onandtraining–  6.Programevalua)on

TIP: Federal OSHA refers to their proposed Injury and Illness Prevention Program rule as I2P2. Learn more about I2P2 at OSHA’s Injury and Illness Prevention Program website at http://www.osha.gov/dsg/topics/safetyhealth/

Addi)onalProgramElements

•  OSHA’sIIPPProposedRule•  Theseelementsaresimilarto…

–  IIPPrequirementsasspecified,adoptedandenforcedalreadybysomestates.

–  Cal/OSHAhashadanIIPPregula)onsince1991.–  Asof2012,fiSeenstateshaveIIPPtyperequirements.

–  OSHAhaslearnedmuchfromthevarietyofapproachestakenbythese15states.

Addi)onalProgramElements

• WheretoFind–  Regula)onsspecifictoyourstate.

• ContactyourstatesOSHAConsulta)onServiceandinquireonyourstatesIIPPtypeprogramsrequirements.

• Youcancontactyourstate’sOSHAConsulta)onServicebyclickingonthelinkshownandusingthedropdownmenutolocateyourstate.

LINK: http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/smallbusiness/consult_directory.html

Addi)onalProgramElements

•  Elementsofeffec)veSafety/HealthProgram•  Theprogramshould:

•  Beinwri)ng.•  Bemaintainedatthefixedworksite.•  Beginwithpolicystatement.•  Specificallyaddressresponsiblepersons,employeecompliance,employeecommunica)ons,hazardassessment,accidentinves)ga)on,hazardcontrol,training/instruc)onandrecordkeeping.

•  Bereviewedperiodicallyandupdated.

Addi)onalProgramElements

•  Coverage•  TheSafety/HealthProgramshouldcover…

–  theemployersemployeesandallotherworkerswhotheemployercontrolsordirectsanddirectlysupervisesonthejobtotheextenttheseworkersareexposedtoworksiteandjobassignmentspecifichazards.

Addi)onalProgramElements

•  ResponsiblePerson–  ResponsiblePerson

•  Itisimportantfortheemployertoiden)fyintheSafety/HealthProgramthe“personorpersonswith“authorityandresponsibility”forimplemen)ngtheIIPP”.

• Personorpersonsshouldbedocumentedinwri)ng.

• Everyonewithintheorganiza)onshouldknowwhothispersonorpersonsare.

Addi)onalProgramElements

•  EmployeeCompliance–  Elementsinclude:

• Recogni)onofemployees• Trainingandretrainingprograms• Disciplinaryac)ons• Othermeansthatensuresemployeecompliance,forexample:–  Safeemployeeofthemonth.–  Givingacashbonus–  Givingaspecialjacketorsimilaracknowledgement.

TIP: All permanent and intermittent workers, including managers and supervisors, are responsible for complying with safe and healthful work practices.

Addi)onalProgramElements

•  EmployeeCommunica)ons –  Elementsinclude:

• Newworkerorienta)on• Mee)ngs•  Trainingprograms

–  (includingtransla)onwhereappropriate)•  Pos)ng• Wri[encommunica)ons•  Anonymousno)fica)on•  Labor/managementcommi[ees,othermeans.

TIP: When lives or health is at stake, employee fear of reprisal over reporting an unsafe or unhealthy condition or behavior is totally unacceptable.

Addi)onalProgramElements

•  Records•  Documen)ngac)vi)es.

–  Keeprecordsof:–  Stepstakentoestablishandmaintainthesafetyandhealthprogram,includingrecordsofthescheduledandperiodicinspec)onstoiden)fyhazardouscondi)onsandworkprac)ces.

–  Safetyandhealthtraininggiventoemployees.–  Recordsshouldbekeptforatleastoneyear.–  Knowyourstatesrecordkeepingrequirements.

TIP: Although some state OSHA programs have specified 1 year to maintain records, the employer may reconsider this and check with their legal counsel as many OSHA attorneys recommend that these records be maintained for considerably longer periods of time to document the employees IIPP efforts.

Summary

•  ImportanceandelementsofSafetyandHealthPrograms.•  ThefourmajorelementsofaSafetyPrograminclude:

–  Managementcommitmentandemployeeinvolvement–  Worksitehazardanalysis–  Hazardpreven)onandcontrol,and–  Safetyandhealthtraining

•  Otherimportantelementsinclude:–  Designa)ngaresponsibleperson–  Employeecompliance–  Safetycommunica)onsAnd–  Documenta)onandrecordkeeping

TIP:Employeesandtheirfamiliesbenefitfromsafetyandhealthbecause:•  theirincomesareprotected;•  theirfamilylivesarenothinderedbyinjury;•  theirstressisnotincreased.Simplyput,protec)ngpeopleonthejobisineveryone'sbestinterest-oureconomy,ourcommuni)es,ourfellowworkersandourfamilies.Safetyandhealthaddvaluetobusinesses,workplacesandlives.

Summary

•  AssistancePrograms•  OSHA:

–  Consulta)onassistance.–  Trainingandeduca)on.– Voluntaryprotec)ontypeprograms.

LINK: http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/smallbusiness/consult.html

Summary

•  WebSourcesofinforma)onandassistance•  OSHA’sEffec)veWorkplaceSafetyandHealthManagementSystems

FactSheetandChecklist

•  OSHA’sInjuryandIllnessPreven)onProgramstopicsPageh[p://www.osha.gov/dsg/topics/safetyhealth/

•  1926SubpartC,SafetyandHealthProgramManagementGuidelinesh[p://www.osha.gov/Publica)ons/Const_Res_Man/1926_C_SH_guide.html#N_2

•  OSHA’sSafetyandHealthManagementSystemse-Toolh[p://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/safetyhealth/index.html

•  OSHA’sSmallBusinessHandbookforSafetyandHealthManagementSeriesh[p://www.osha.gov/Publica)ons/smallbusiness/small-business.html

h[p://www.osha.gov/Publica)ons/safety-health-management-systems.pdf

Summary

•  EmployersResponsibility•  Selectedemployerresponsibili)esundertheOccupa)onalSafetyand

HealthActof1970.–  Provideaworkplacefreefromseriousrecognizedhazards–  Complywithstandards,rulesandregula)ons.–  Inspecttheworksiteandexamineworkplacecondi)ons.–  Makesureemployeeshaveandusesafetools,equipmentandmaintain

them.–  Establishorupdateopera)ng,safetyandhealthproceduresand

communicatethem.–  Providemedicalexamina)onsandtrainingwhenrequired.–  Keeprecordsofwork-relatedinjuriesandillnesses.–  Provideaccesstoemployeemedicalrecordsandexposurerecords.

http://www.osha.gov/as/opa/worker/employer-responsibility.html

Summary

•  EmployersResponsibility•  ContractorrequirementsspecifiedinTitle1926.20.

–  Ini)ateandmaintainsafetyandhealthprogramstocomplywithOSHA’scontractorrequirements.

–  Provideforfrequentandregularinspec)onsofthejobsites,materials,andequipmenttobemadebycompetentpersonsdesignatedbytheemployers.

–  Theuseofanymachinery,tool,material,orequipmentwhichisnotincompliancewithanyapplicablerequirementisprohibited.

LINK:h[p://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10606

TIP:Rememberthatmanystateshaverequirementsthatemployersmustcomplywithorvoluntaryguidelinesforworkplaceinjuryandillnesspreven)onprograms.