BASLE BERN BRUGG DSSELDORF FRANKFURT A.M. FREIBURG I.BR. GENEVA HAMBURG COPENHAGEN LAUSANNE MUNICH STUTTGART VIENNA ZURICH

Introducing Apache Mesos

Matthias FurrerBruno Fuss

A modern cluster manager optimizing resource utilization

Agenda

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1. IntroductionArchitecture (components)DistributionsOther Offerings

2. FrameworksService Scheduling andManagement FrameworksBig Data Frameworks

3. HA ComponentsZookeeperMarathon

3. ConfigurationMesosMarathonKafka

4. Live DemoMesosKafka

5. SummaryUse Cases / Benefits

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Introduction

Introducing Apache MesosA software layer to aggregate servers into one processing unit

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Distributed Cluster Management Software

System Resources (Memory, Storage) abstraction from Hardware

Metascheduler (scheduler of schedulers)

Distributed Systems Kernel / Distributed Datacenter OS

Supports Mesos and Docker Containers

Open Source

Runs under Apache License 2.0

Cross Plattform

Written in C++

Runs on Linux/Posix systems, Experimental for Windows

Architecture - Features

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Scalability

Scales up to over 50000 nodes

Resource isolation

Linux cgroups or Docker containers

Efficiency

Resource scheduling accross multiple frameworks/applications

High availability

Uses Apache Zookeeper (distributed configuration and synchronization service)

Monitoring Interface

Web UI

Components

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Master

Mediating agent resources

Agents

Manage resources on individual nodes and executestasks

Frameworks

Applications

Systems running on mesos consisting of a scheduler and an

executor (e.g. Spark, Storm ,Cassandra)

Chronos

Fault tolerant job scheduler, can handle dependencies - acts

as a cron for mesos

Marathon

Framework for running long-running services init.d for

mesos

Architecture High Level Overview

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Zookeeper ensures high availability of masters

Master daemon manages agent (slave) daemons

Mesos frameworks run tasks on agents (slaves)

Master decides how many resources to offer to each framework according to a given organizational policy (e.g fair sharing or strict priority).

Framework running on top of Mesos consists of two components: a scheduler that registers with the master to be offered resources, and an executor process that is launched on agent nodes to run the frameworks taskSource: https://mesos.apache.org/documentation/latest/architecture

Architecture Resource Offering

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1. Agent 1 reports to the master that it has 4 CPUs and 4 GB of memory free. The master then invokes the allocation policy module

2. The master sends a resource offer describing what is available on agent 1 to framework

3. The frameworks scheduler replies to the master with information about two tasks to run on the agent

4. Master sends the tasks to the agent, which allocates appropriate resources to the frameworks executor, which launches the two tasks. Because CPU/RAM Resources are still unallocated, the allocation module may now offer them to framework 2.

Source: https://mesos.apache.org/documentation/latest/architecture

Distributions Mesosphere DC/OS

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Commercial version: Mesosphere Datacenter Operating System

Open Source version: DC/OS available - derived from Mesospheres Datacenter Operating System

Based on Mesos and Marathon

Supports Docker as well as native Mesos containers

Container orchestration capabilities for Docker and Mesos containers including automatic workload recovery, security, networking, service discovery

Push-button installation of complex distributed systems (including HDFS, Apache Spark, Apache Kafka, Apache Cassandra and more) with DC/OS Universe

Runs on bare-metal, virtual (vSphere or OpenStack) and cloud (AWS, Azure, GCE)

Other Offerings

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Kubernetes (Google / Cloud Native Computing Foundation CNCF)

Docker Swarm (Docker, Inc.)

Rkt fleet (CoreOS, Inc.)

Shipyard (Shipyard Project)

CloudSlang (Hewlett Packard Enterprise)

Ranger (Ranger Labs)

Azure Service Fabric (Microsoft)

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Frameworks

Service Scheduling and Management Frameworks

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Marathon

Launch and monitor long-running applications. Controlling a high availability environment, checking the applications' health and restarting services if nodes go down

Chronos

Distributed, fully fault-tolerant job scheduler. Can interact with systems (e.g. Hadoop) even if the Mesos worker machine does not have the system installed

Apache Aurora

Manages long-running services, cron jobs, and ad-hoc jobs

Consul

Service Discovery and orchestration

Big Data Frameworks

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Apache Hadoop

Distributed Data Processing, MapReduce and Distributed File System (HDFS)

Apache Spark

Execution engine for large-scale data processing. Batch processing, iterative processing, near real-time processing, and stream processing. Caching data in memory with Resilient Distributed Datasets (RDD)

Apache Storm

Real-time distributed stream event-processing engine

Apache Cassandra

Open source scalable NoSQL database. Provides query language Cassandra Query Language or CQL to communicate with database

Big Data Frameworks (II)

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Apache Kafka

distributed publish-subscribe messaging system designed for speed, scalability, reliability, and durability

Apache Samza

Distributed stream processing framework. Using Kafka for messaging and Hadoop YARN for resource management

Elasticsearch-Logstash-Kibana (ELK) stack

End-to-End log analytics solution: Elasticsearch for search capabilities, Logstashas a log management software and Kibana as the visualization layer

Mesos API

Develop custom frameworks schedulers and executors

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High Availability

Components

Apache Zookeeper

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ZooKeeper

is a centralized service for maintaining configuration information, naming, providing distributed synchronization, and providing group services.

Independent Apache Project

Characteristics

Central Key/Value Store

Containing additional Information like time stamps, versioning,

Simple

Fast

Designed for High Availability

Apache Zookeeper

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High Availability

one Leader

two or more Followers

Quorum

Follower

Apache Zookeeper

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Data Model

Hierarchical Namespace

Z-Nodes (Zookeeper Nodes)

Nodes identified by Path

Ex.: /app1/p_1

Ephemeral Nodes

Leader Election

Conditional updates and watches

Atomic Transactions

Apache Zookeeper on Mesos

Zookeeper takes hand in everywhere Mesos needs to store and call up distributeddynamic information

Service Locations

Service States

Client Notifications

Leader election for Mesos Masters and Frameworks (e.g. Marathon, etc.)

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Marathon

Marathon is a Apache Mesos framework for container orchestration

designed for long running and stateful Apps (e.g. Database, App. Server, etc.)

Marathon is a meta framework

used for managing other Mesos Frameworks (Chronos, Storm, )

Container Support

Mesos Containers (default)

Docker Constainers (must be configured)

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Marathon

Features

High Availability

Constraints

Service Discovery & Load Balancing (Mesos-DNS, Marathon-LB)

Health Checking

Event Subscription

User Interfaces for managing services (start, stop, check, )

Marathon UI (GUI)

REST API

Basic Security (Authorisation, SSL, )

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Marathon Example

Mesos Master and Agents (Slaves), Zookeeper and Marathon started by OS on each server (initd, systemd)

Marathon starts frameworks on Mesos Agents (Chronos, JBoss, Jetty, Rails)

Chronos, a fault tolerant job scheduler acts itself as frameworkand starts jobs (e.g. dumps a database, send Emails)

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Installation & Configuration

Installing and Configuring Apache Mesos

Installation