Interpersonal Relationship.ppt 1

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Situations 1.One Day in a Family 2.One Day in a Hostel 3.Educational Tour

Transcript of Interpersonal Relationship.ppt 1

Page 1: Interpersonal Relationship.ppt 1

Situations 1.One Day in a

Family2.One Day in a

Hostel3.Educational Tour

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INTERPERSONAL INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS RELATIONSHIPS

– – Introduction to Interpersonal Relationships - Types of Introduction to Interpersonal Relationships - Types of Relationships– Social Psychology – Locations of Persons in Relationships– Social Psychology – Locations of Persons in

RelationshipsRelationships

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A. INTRODUCTION TO A. INTRODUCTION TO INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

& TYPES OF RELATIONSHIPS& TYPES OF RELATIONSHIPS

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MEANING AND IMPORTANCEMEANING AND IMPORTANCE

Interpersonal relationships skills are “a Interpersonal relationships skills are “a set of skills which are essential for set of skills which are essential for establishing and maintaining healthy establishing and maintaining healthy interpersonal relationships.”interpersonal relationships.”

This definition emphasizes the fact that This definition emphasizes the fact that more than one skill is needed to more than one skill is needed to establish and maintain healthy establish and maintain healthy interpersonal relationshipsinterpersonal relationships..

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Relationships are vitally important in all Relationships are vitally important in all spheres of life. People create relationships for all spheres of life. People create relationships for all sorts of reasons. sorts of reasons.

Though we think of ourselves as independent Though we think of ourselves as independent and self-reliant, the fact is that each one of us is and self-reliant, the fact is that each one of us is a point in a vast network of interdependent a point in a vast network of interdependent relationships.relationships.

We create relationships because we are social We create relationships because we are social by nature. by nature.

MEANING AND IMPORTANCEMEANING AND IMPORTANCE

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We establish relationships at school, We establish relationships at school,

university, college, place of work, place of university, college, place of work, place of

worship, next door, the health club, travel etc., worship, next door, the health club, travel etc.,

i.e., at any place or in any activity where i.e., at any place or in any activity where

common interests bring people together. common interests bring people together.

Interpersonal relationships skills help us to Interpersonal relationships skills help us to

relate in positive ways with our family members relate in positive ways with our family members

and others around. and others around.

MEANING AND IMPORTANCEMEANING AND IMPORTANCE

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People who are well versed in interpersonal People who are well versed in interpersonal

relationships skills succeed in life. relationships skills succeed in life.

They appear to possess pleasing and They appear to possess pleasing and

magnetic personalities that make them magnetic personalities that make them

charismatic. charismatic.

Some people never lose their attractiveness Some people never lose their attractiveness

regardless of age because of their ability to regardless of age because of their ability to

build healthy interpersonal relationshipsbuild healthy interpersonal relationships. .

MEANING AND IMPORTANCEMEANING AND IMPORTANCE

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Relationships are like bank accounts: the more Relationships are like bank accounts: the more we deposit the greater they become; therefore, we deposit the greater they become; therefore, the more we can draw from them. the more we can draw from them.

The consequences of ‘poor depositing’ in The consequences of ‘poor depositing’ in interpersonal relationships leads to stress, lack interpersonal relationships leads to stress, lack of communication, suspicion, isolation, of communication, suspicion, isolation, prejudice, conflict, frustration, lack of sympathy prejudice, conflict, frustration, lack of sympathy and empathy, poor health and so on.and empathy, poor health and so on.

MEANING AND IMPORTANCEMEANING AND IMPORTANCE

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Some relationships are with family members, Some relationships are with family members, some are with friends, some are business some are with friends, some are business relationships and some are love relationships. relationships and some are love relationships.

Each relationship is different, and all Each relationship is different, and all relationships change over time as people grow relationships change over time as people grow and develop. and develop.

Most relationships contain a combination of Most relationships contain a combination of healthy and unhealthy characteristics. healthy and unhealthy characteristics.

MEANING AND IMPORTANCEMEANING AND IMPORTANCE

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HEALTHY INTERPERSONAL HEALTHY INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

The common element of all close relationships is The common element of all close relationships is

interdependence, an interpersonal association in which interdependence, an interpersonal association in which

two people consistently and reciprocally influence one two people consistently and reciprocally influence one

another’s lives, focus their thoughts and emotions on another’s lives, focus their thoughts and emotions on

one another, and if possible, regularly engage in joint one another, and if possible, regularly engage in joint

activities. activities.

Such interdependence occurs across age groups and Such interdependence occurs across age groups and

among individuals representing many quite different among individuals representing many quite different

relationships. relationships.

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HEALTHY INTERPERSONAL HEALTHY INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

Healthy interpersonal relationships have Healthy interpersonal relationships have certain characteristics. certain characteristics.

Each partner feels comfortable without the Each partner feels comfortable without the other, even though the two people enjoy being other, even though the two people enjoy being together. together.

In healthy relationships, both partners In healthy relationships, both partners recognize and appreciate changes that occur recognize and appreciate changes that occur in their relationships. in their relationships.

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HEALTHY INTERPERSONAL HEALTHY INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

Each partner communicates effectively Each partner communicates effectively and honestly. and honestly.

In a healthy relationship, both partners In a healthy relationship, both partners accept the other as he or she is. There accept the other as he or she is. There are no unrealistic expectations or are no unrealistic expectations or attempts to control the other person. attempts to control the other person.

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HEALTHY INTERPERSONAL HEALTHY INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

Both partners have established healthy, Both partners have established healthy, comfortable limits based on their own comfortable limits based on their own standards. standards.

Each trusts the other, being able to rely Each trusts the other, being able to rely upon the other, believing that the upon the other, believing that the person will act in his/her best interest; person will act in his/her best interest; being dependable. being dependable.

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HEALTHY INTERPERSONAL HEALTHY INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

Each partner shares the other’s Each partner shares the other’s emotions, thoughts or feelings. emotions, thoughts or feelings.

Each one will be good in keeping Each one will be good in keeping secrets or maintaining confidence, not secrets or maintaining confidence, not passing along private information to passing along private information to other. other.

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HEALTHY INTERPERSONAL HEALTHY INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

Each will be having the best interest of Each will be having the best interest of the other at heart. the other at heart.

Mutual trust and understanding, Mutual trust and understanding, honesty, empathy, the ability to keep honesty, empathy, the ability to keep secrets, loyalty, and effective secrets, loyalty, and effective communication characterize healthy communication characterize healthy interpersonal relationships.interpersonal relationships.

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UNHEALTHY INTERPERSONAL UNHEALTHY INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

One person may expect the partner to fullfil all One person may expect the partner to fullfil all his/her needs (too much dependency). his/her needs (too much dependency).

One or both may be jealous of the other One or both may be jealous of the other having healthy relationships with another having healthy relationships with another person and demand complete devotion. Control person and demand complete devotion. Control is another unhealthy characteristics . is another unhealthy characteristics .

One or both partners may dominate the other One or both partners may dominate the other and the relationships. and the relationships.

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UNHEALTHY INTERPERSONAL UNHEALTHY INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

Egoism or excessive selfishness or taking Egoism or excessive selfishness or taking care of one’s own comfort , pleasure or care of one’s own comfort , pleasure or interests excessively or without regard for the interests excessively or without regard for the other indicates an unhealthy relationships. other indicates an unhealthy relationships.

Negative attitude, conceit , lack of listening, Negative attitude, conceit , lack of listening, arrogance, impatience, poor communication, arrogance, impatience, poor communication, and insufficient time spent together etc., are and insufficient time spent together etc., are some of the characteristics of unhealthy some of the characteristics of unhealthy interpersonal relationships.interpersonal relationships.

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UNHEALTHY INTERPERSONAL UNHEALTHY INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

One of the characteristics that may exist in One of the characteristics that may exist in unhealthy relationships is emotional or physical unhealthy relationships is emotional or physical abuse or emotional and /or physical abuse or emotional and /or physical mistreatment. mistreatment.

While dealing with other people, sooner or later, we have to deal with conflict.

Conflict stems from differing view points.

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UNHEALTHY INTERPERSONAL UNHEALTHY INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

Since no two people view the world exactly the same way, disagreement is quite normal. When there is conflict, it means that there is strong disagreement between two or more individuals.

The conflict is usually in relation to interests or ideas that are personally meaningful to either one or both of the parties involved.

Failure to resolve these conflicts , in other words, unresolved conflicts destroy good interpersonal relationships.

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COMPONENTS OF COMPONENTS OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSINTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

Empathy: Empathy: is the ability to feel with is the ability to feel with others in social situations, which can others in social situations, which can lead to the development of good lead to the development of good Interpersonal relationships. Interpersonal relationships.

Sympathy:Sympathy: is the ability to feel for is the ability to feel for others in social situations which can others in social situations which can lead to the development of good lead to the development of good Interpersonal relationships.Interpersonal relationships.

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Sensitivity:Sensitivity: is the ability to be sensitive to the is the ability to be sensitive to the feelings, emotions and needs of others in feelings, emotions and needs of others in social situation, which can lead to the social situation, which can lead to the development of good Interpersonal development of good Interpersonal relationships.relationships.

Tolerance: Tolerance: is the ability to endure and is the ability to endure and respect feelings, views, attitudes etc., of respect feelings, views, attitudes etc., of others in Interpersonal interactions others in Interpersonal interactions irrespective of our agreement or irrespective of our agreement or disagreement on them. disagreement on them.

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Positive Attitude:Positive Attitude: is the ability to see the is the ability to see the positive aspects in others and appreciate positive aspects in others and appreciate them in Interpersonal relationships. them in Interpersonal relationships.

Accepting Others As They Are:Accepting Others As They Are: is the ability is the ability to accept the others with their strengths and to accept the others with their strengths and weaknesses, without showing any personal weaknesses, without showing any personal bias or prejudice to Interpersonal bias or prejudice to Interpersonal relationships.relationships.

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Reciprocality: Reciprocality: is the ability to demonstrate is the ability to demonstrate a healthy attitude of give and take in social a healthy attitude of give and take in social situation with others while interacting. situation with others while interacting.

Etiquette:Etiquette: is the ability to show behaviour is the ability to show behaviour that is appropriate to different social that is appropriate to different social situations, which can earn respect and situations, which can earn respect and facilitate good Interpersonal relationships. facilitate good Interpersonal relationships.

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Healthy Distance: Healthy Distance: is the ability to take only is the ability to take only that much of liberty as the relationship that much of liberty as the relationship empowers and demands and not misuse the empowers and demands and not misuse the liberty between any two individuals in any liberty between any two individuals in any social situations.social situations.

Lack of Prejudice and Stereotypes: Lack of Prejudice and Stereotypes: is the is the

ability to interact with people without being ability to interact with people without being governed by preconceived notions about governed by preconceived notions about individuals/ groups in any social situation.individuals/ groups in any social situation.

Effective Communication:Effective Communication: is the ability to is the ability to express the thoughts and feelings in non-express the thoughts and feelings in non-threatening ways. threatening ways.

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PROCESS OF DEVELOPING HEALTHY PROCESS OF DEVELOPING HEALTHY INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPSINTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

I - I - BUILDING EFFECTIVE INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPBUILDING EFFECTIVE INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP

At least one party should decide the At least one party should decide the relationship is important.relationship is important.

Learn to listen effectively, and without Learn to listen effectively, and without judging.judging.

Meet people informally, so they feel Meet people informally, so they feel comfortable raising issues that are comfortable raising issues that are important to them.important to them.

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I - BUILDING EFFECTIVE INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPI - BUILDING EFFECTIVE INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP

Develop a culture whereby people can Develop a culture whereby people can express their feelings.express their feelings.

Active listening. Active listening.

Taking turns to help each other.Taking turns to help each other.

Work towards solutions where both parties win. Work towards solutions where both parties win.

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I - BUILDING EFFECTIVE INTERPERSONAL I - BUILDING EFFECTIVE INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPRELATIONSHIP

Listen to understand others positions and Listen to understand others positions and feelings.feelings.

Allow each party to express positions and Allow each party to express positions and feelings openly.feelings openly.

Treat yourself and others with respect.Treat yourself and others with respect.

Face differences with others directly.Face differences with others directly.

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II - TWENTY BEHAVIOURS II - TWENTY BEHAVIOURS THAT RUIN RELATIONSHIPSTHAT RUIN RELATIONSHIPS

Tell your partner what to do.Tell your partner what to do.

Act like your partners child.Act like your partners child.

Act as if you were your partners parent.Act as if you were your partners parent.

Use demeaning words and abusive Use demeaning words and abusive

behaviour.behaviour.

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II - TWENTY BEHAVIOURS II - TWENTY BEHAVIOURS THAT RUIN RELATIONSHIPSTHAT RUIN RELATIONSHIPS

Attach the partner rather than the Attach the partner rather than the issue.issue.

Blame your partner.Blame your partner. Reply before you understand what Reply before you understand what

was said.was said. Be hysterical.Be hysterical.

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Avoid eye contact while your partner is Avoid eye contact while your partner is talking.talking.

Criticize your partner, especially in Criticize your partner, especially in public.public.

Interrupt frequently while your partner Interrupt frequently while your partner is talking. is talking.

Ignore your own personal hygiene.Ignore your own personal hygiene.

II - TWENTY BEHAVIOURS THAT RUIN II - TWENTY BEHAVIOURS THAT RUIN RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

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Treat your partner as a possession.Treat your partner as a possession.

Take your stress out on your partner.Take your stress out on your partner.

Don’t tell your partner about your Don’t tell your partner about your boundaries.boundaries.

Be hostile.Be hostile.

II - TWENTY BEHAVIOURS THAT RUIN II - TWENTY BEHAVIOURS THAT RUIN RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

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Expect your partner to read your mind. Expect your partner to read your mind. Lie, deceive, and break promises to Lie, deceive, and break promises to

your partner.your partner. Have an affair. Have an affair. Discourage your partner from having Discourage your partner from having

any hobbies, outside interests, or any hobbies, outside interests, or

friends. friends.

II - TWENTY BEHAVIOURS THAT RUIN II - TWENTY BEHAVIOURS THAT RUIN RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

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III - TWENTY BEHAVIORS THAT III - TWENTY BEHAVIORS THAT NURTURE RELATIONSHIPSNURTURE RELATIONSHIPS

Tell your partner what you want. Tell your partner what you want. Take responsibility for meeting your own Take responsibility for meeting your own

needs and wants.needs and wants. Allow your partner to be responsible for Allow your partner to be responsible for

meeting their own needs and wants. meeting their own needs and wants. Attack the issue, not the person.Attack the issue, not the person.

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III - TWENTY BEHAVIORS THAT III - TWENTY BEHAVIORS THAT NURTURE RELATIONSHIPSNURTURE RELATIONSHIPS

Take responsibility for making or Take responsibility for making or

negotiating necessary changes. negotiating necessary changes.

Ask questions to be certain you Ask questions to be certain you

understood what your partner has said.understood what your partner has said.

Stay calm.Stay calm.

Express anger respectfully.Express anger respectfully.

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Avoid abuse; consider counseling if Avoid abuse; consider counseling if

abuse is pervasive in relationship.abuse is pervasive in relationship.

Respect your partners individuality.Respect your partners individuality.

Use active listening skills.Use active listening skills.

Allow your partner to complete his or Allow your partner to complete his or

her thought before replying.her thought before replying.

III - TWENTY BEHAVIORS THAT NURTURE III - TWENTY BEHAVIORS THAT NURTURE RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

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Choose a private time to communicate and Choose a private time to communicate and negotiate.negotiate.

Show respect for yourself and your partner Show respect for yourself and your partner by taking care of your hygiene.by taking care of your hygiene.

Confront and resolve your problems at the Confront and resolve your problems at the source.source.

III - TWENTY BEHAVIORS THAT NURTURE III - TWENTY BEHAVIORS THAT NURTURE RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

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Teach your partner, from the beginning, Teach your partner, from the beginning,

about your limits and expectations. about your limits and expectations.

Tell you partner what you want , and Tell you partner what you want , and

negotiate solutions.negotiate solutions.

Be honest and keep your promises.Be honest and keep your promises.

III - TWENTY BEHAVIORS THAT III - TWENTY BEHAVIORS THAT NURTURE RELATIONSHIPSNURTURE RELATIONSHIPS

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Discuss your wants with your Discuss your wants with your partner.partner.

Support and encourage your Support and encourage your partner to state and negotiate his partner to state and negotiate his or her own needs and wants. or her own needs and wants.

III - TWENTY BEHAVIORS THAT III - TWENTY BEHAVIORS THAT NURTURE RELATIONSHIPSNURTURE RELATIONSHIPS

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IV - WHEN A RELATIONSHIP IS IV - WHEN A RELATIONSHIP IS ENDING ENDING

Keep busy. Keep busy. Try something new. Try something new. Look after yourself.Look after yourself. Remind yourself that you are o.k.Remind yourself that you are o.k. Talk with someone you trustTalk with someone you trust . .

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TYPES OF RELATIONSHIPS TYPES OF RELATIONSHIPS

SURVIVAL

TRANSITIONAL

EXPERIMENTAL

INDIVIUDUATION-ASSERTION ACCEPTANCE

AVOIDANCE MATURE

VALIDATION

SCRIPTED

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SURVIVAL RELATIONSHIPS - SURVIVAL RELATIONSHIPS - These exist when These exist when

partners feel like they can't make it on their own. partners feel like they can't make it on their own.

The choice of a partner tends to be The choice of a partner tends to be

undiscriminating, made out of emotional starvation undiscriminating, made out of emotional starvation

almost anyone available will do.almost anyone available will do.

VALIDATION RELATIONSHIPS - VALIDATION RELATIONSHIPS - A person may A person may

seek another's validation of his or her physical seek another's validation of his or her physical

attractiveness, intellect, social status, sexuality, attractiveness, intellect, social status, sexuality,

wealth, or some other attribute. Sex and money are wealth, or some other attribute. Sex and money are

especially common validators. These relationships especially common validators. These relationships

are always a little insecure: are always a little insecure:

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SCRIPTED RELATIONSHIPS -SCRIPTED RELATIONSHIPS - This common This common

pattern often begins when the partners both are pattern often begins when the partners both are

just out of high school or college. They seem to be just out of high school or college. They seem to be

"the perfect pair," fitting almost all the external "the perfect pair," fitting almost all the external

criteria of what an appropriate mate should be like.criteria of what an appropriate mate should be like.

ACCEPTANCE RELATIONSHIPS -ACCEPTANCE RELATIONSHIPS - This is what This is what

many of us thought we were getting into when we many of us thought we were getting into when we

entered a relationship, including many people in entered a relationship, including many people in

the three categories above. In an acceptance the three categories above. In an acceptance

relationship we trust, support and enjoy each relationship we trust, support and enjoy each

other.other.

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INDIVIDUATION-ASSERTION RELATIONSHIPS -INDIVIDUATION-ASSERTION RELATIONSHIPS -

These relationships are based on the assertion These relationships are based on the assertion

of each person's wants and needs, and on of each person's wants and needs, and on

respect for the other person's process of respect for the other person's process of

personal growth.personal growth.

EXPERIMENTAL RELATIONSHIPSEXPERIMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS - These are - These are

"trying it out" relationships. A man who has "trying it out" relationships. A man who has

always chosen partners emotionally. always chosen partners emotionally.

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TRANSITIONAL RELATIONSHIPS TRANSITIONAL RELATIONSHIPS - In these, the - In these, the relationship is a cross between the old and the new, relationship is a cross between the old and the new, between patterns that drove you crazy and others that between patterns that drove you crazy and others that you were changing.you were changing.

AVOIDANCE RELATIONSHIPSAVOIDANCE RELATIONSHIPS - This pattern may - This pattern may involve people who protect themselves against any involve people who protect themselves against any deep intimacy with others or any full contact with their deep intimacy with others or any full contact with their own deeper feelings.own deeper feelings.

MATURE RELATIONSHIPS MATURE RELATIONSHIPS - In many people over 40, the - In many people over 40, the needs have shifted, and there is no long such a need to needs have shifted, and there is no long such a need to use the relationship to make a statement about oneself. use the relationship to make a statement about oneself.

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B.B. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY & LOCATIONS OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY & LOCATIONS OF PERSONS IN RELATIONSHIPSPERSONS IN RELATIONSHIPS

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SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGYSOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

Social psychology is one of the most Social psychology is one of the most

important sub field of psychology important sub field of psychology

roughly 10 percent of all psychologists roughly 10 percent of all psychologists

are Social psychologists in India. are Social psychologists in India.

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SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGYSOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

According to Kimble Young, Social According to Kimble Young, Social Psychology is the study of a person. In Psychology is the study of a person. In their interactions with one another and their interactions with one another and with reference to the effect of this with reference to the effect of this interplay upon the individual’s interplay upon the individual’s thoughts, feelings, emotions, habits, thoughts, feelings, emotions, habits, etc., Thus Social psychology lays etc., Thus Social psychology lays greater stress upon the social aspect of greater stress upon the social aspect of human personality. human personality.

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SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGYSOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

According to Allport, Social psychology is According to Allport, Social psychology is

the science which studies the behaviour of the science which studies the behaviour of

an individual in so far as his behaviour an individual in so far as his behaviour

stimulates other individuals or is itself a stimulates other individuals or is itself a

reaction to their behaviour and which reaction to their behaviour and which

describes the consciousness of social describes the consciousness of social

objects reactions.objects reactions.

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LOCATIONS OF PERSONS IN LOCATIONS OF PERSONS IN

RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS

Formalized relationships,Formalized relationships, such as Marriage such as Marriage

& Civil Union.& Civil Union.

Intimate relationships,Intimate relationships, such as loving such as loving

relationships or romantic relationships with relationships or romantic relationships with

or without living together; the other person or without living together; the other person

is often called lover, boyfriend or girlfriend. is often called lover, boyfriend or girlfriend.

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A sexual relationshipA sexual relationship in the more literal in the more literal sense: one that mainly involves sexual sense: one that mainly involves sexual behavior; to emphasize this, in the case of behavior; to emphasize this, in the case of sexual intercourse the term fuck buddy is sexual intercourse the term fuck buddy is sometimes used.sometimes used.

Platonic lovePlatonic love is an affectionate relationship is an affectionate relationship into which the sexual element does not enter, into which the sexual element does not enter, especially in cases where one might easily especially in cases where one might easily assume otherwise.assume otherwise.

FriendshipFriendship see also internet friendship. see also internet friendship.

LOCATIONS OF PERSONS IN RELATIONSHIPSLOCATIONS OF PERSONS IN RELATIONSHIPS

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Family tie, being relatives, kinship, biological Family tie, being relatives, kinship, biological relationship.relationship.

Brotherhood and sisterhood.Brotherhood and sisterhood.

Establishment of common ground between parties, Establishment of common ground between parties, although fundamental to an interpersonal although fundamental to an interpersonal relationship, does not connote a timeless relationship, does not connote a timeless relationship, and might even disappear over time. relationship, and might even disappear over time. Thus, common ground must be maintained, in this Thus, common ground must be maintained, in this case, for a relationship to endure.case, for a relationship to endure.

LOCATIONS OF PERSONS IN RELATIONSHIPSLOCATIONS OF PERSONS IN RELATIONSHIPS

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