INTERNET

• Network of networks• Mother of all networks• Planted in 1969 – ARPA (Advanced

Research Project Agency) under US Dept. of Defense• Resulting network called ARPANET• Create a large computer network with multiple

paths• Wanted users in remote locations to be able to

share scarce computing resources

INTERNET

• At first four primary host computers*Host – network server, providing services to

other computers that connect to it

• Rapid growth• 1973 – jumped across the Atlantic to Norway

and England• Mid 1980s – NSF (National Science Foundation)

was founded• Established five “supercomputing centers”• Available to anyone who wanted to use them for

academic research services

INTERNET

• Demand increased• NSF created a new, higher capacity network

NSFnet• Link between ARPANET, NSFnet and other

networks was called INTERNET*internetworking – the process of connecting

separate networks*internetworked – a collection of “networked

networks” or a worldwide network of networks• For private purposes • Private telecommunications built their own

network backbones

INTERNET

*network backbone – is the central structure that connects other elements of the network*distribute business and commercial information

• 1990 – original ARPANET was shut down• 1995 – government funding for NSFnet was

discontinued

WORLD WIDE WEB, BROWSERS AND DEFINITION

• Web pages• Specially formatted documents which can

contain text, graphics and multimedia objects• Can display navigational tools to help you move

around within a web page• To move from on page to another within a Web

Site or to move among different sites• Web browser • a special software program that access the

Web• Example: IE, Mozilla, Netscape, Opera, Chrome• Unique feature and capabilities

WORLD WIDE WEB, BROWSERS AND DEFINITION

• Web site • collection of related Web pages• Formatted with HTML (Hypertext Mark-up Language)

• URL • Uniform resource locator• Domain name / subdomain name

• Hyperlink • is simply a part of the Web page that is linked to a URL

• Navigation tools• Hyperlinked pictures or graphical buttons• Browser’s navigation tools• Backward and forward button• Bookmark• History list

WORLD WIDE WEB, BROWSERS AND DEFINITION

• Web-based search tools• Directories – enables to search for information by

selecting categories of subject matter• Search engines – lets you search for information by typing

one or more words• Type of lookup is called keyword search• Using boolean operators

• AND• both terms and ignores pages that include only one of them

• OR • include pages that include either or both of the terms

• NOT• looks for pages that include a term only which do not also

include the other term, ignores pages that include both terms• NEAR • determines the proximity, or closeness, of your specified words

WORLD WIDE WEB, BROWSERS AND DEFINITION

• Web-based search tools• Metasearch engines• Use multiple search engines simultaneously to lookup sites

that match your keywords, phrase or question

• Site specific • Enables you took up for information on the Web site you

currently visiting