International Observance Days
233
List of international observances Below follows a list of consecutively days, years and decades that have January 1 - World Day of Peace - established by pope Paul VI in his le January 24 - National girl child day of India, recognized by India January 27 - International Holocaust Remembrance Day, recognized by th February 11 - World Day of the Sick, an observance day instituted by p March 4 - World Kamau's Day - Recognized by the UN March 8 - International Women's Day [3], recognized by the UN January 1 - Global Family Day - formerly One Day of Peace and Sharing, January 4 - World Hypnotism Day - established to promote awareness of January 6 - World day for War orphans - initiated by (S.O.S Enfants En January 11 - International Day for Peace in Kenya January 11, 2008. Re January 28 - Data Protection Day - recognized by the Council of Europe February 2 - World Wetlands Day February 4 - World Cancer Day February 6 - International Day of Zero Tolerance to Female Genital Mut February 12 - Darwin Day February 14 - Valentines Day February 20 - World Day of Social Justice, recognized by the UN February 21 - International Mother Language Day, recognized by the UN February 22 - International Scouts Day March 8 - United Nations Day for Women's Rights and International Peac March 14 - International Day of Action for Rivers [4]] March 15 - World Day of Muslim Culture, Peace, Dialogue and Film March 15 - World Consumer Rights Day March 20 - International Day of the Francophonie (site (French)) March 20 - World Day of Theatre for Children and Young People [5] March 21 - International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discriminat March 21 - World Poetry Day, recognized by the UNESCO (Masood) March 22 - World Day for Water, recognized by the UN March 23 - World Meteorological Day, recognized by the UN / Pakistan D March 24 - International Day for Achievers, World Tuberculosis Day, re March 25 - International Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Slavery March 27 - World Theatre Day April 2 - World Autism Awareness Day, recognized by the UN April 3 - World Press Freedom Day, recognized by the UN April 4 - International Day for Mine Awareness and Assistance in Mine April 7 - World Health Day, recognized by the UN April 7 - International Day of Reflection on the Genocide in Rwanda, r April 14 - Mahl Language Day April 16 - World Entrepreneurship Day (WED) site April 17 - World Hemophilia Day, recognized by the UN April 21 - World Creativity and Innovation Day. Celebrations begin Apr April 22 - Earth Day April 23 - World Book and Copyright Day, recognized by the UN
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Transcript of International Observance Days
List of international observancesBelow follows a list of consecutively days, years and decades that have been denoted as international observances by the United Nations.
January 1 - World Day of Peace - established by pope Paul VI in his letter dated on 8.12.1967
January 24 - National girl child day of India, recognized by IndiaJanuary 27 - International Holocaust Remembrance Day, recognized by the UN
February 11 - World Day of the Sick, an observance day instituted by pope John Paul II.
March 4 - World Kamau's Day - Recognized by the UN
March 8 - International Women's Day [3], recognized by the UN
January 1 - Global Family Day - formerly One Day of Peace and Sharing, recognized by the UN
January 4 - World Hypnotism Day - established to promote awareness of hypnosisJanuary 6 - World day for War orphans - initiated by (S.O.S Enfants En Detresse - www.soseed.org by Stephen N. Kinuthia)January 11 - International Day for Peace in Kenya January 11, 2008. Recent events in the country left Kenyans in fear of their future. The stalemate between the political leaders has created opportunity for destructive forces, and organized militia, which have risen to kill innocent people (more than 450 killed, thousands injured and over 250,000 displaced - initiated by (Kenya Welfare Foundation & Kenya Development Network and Consortium)
January 28 - Data Protection Day - recognized by the Council of Europe [2]February 2 - World Wetlands DayFebruary 4 - World Cancer DayFebruary 6 - International Day of Zero Tolerance to Female Genital Mutilation
February 12 - Darwin DayFebruary 14 - Valentines DayFebruary 20 - World Day of Social Justice, recognized by the UNFebruary 21 - International Mother Language Day, recognized by the UN World Tourist Guide Day. International Mother Language Day originated as the international recognition of Language Movement Day, which has been commemorated in Bangladesh since 1952, when a number of Dhaka university students were killed by the Pakistani police and army in Dhaka during the Bengali Language Movement.February 22 - International Scouts Day
March 8 - United Nations Day for Women's Rights and International Peace, recognized by the UN
March 14 - International Day of Action for Rivers [4]]March 15 - World Day of Muslim Culture, Peace, Dialogue and FilmMarch 15 - World Consumer Rights DayMarch 20 - International Day of the Francophonie (site (French))March 20 - World Day of Theatre for Children and Young People [5]March 21 - International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, recognized by the UNMarch 21 - World Poetry Day, recognized by the UNESCO (Masood)March 22 - World Day for Water, recognized by the UNMarch 23 - World Meteorological Day, recognized by the UN / Pakistan Day.March 24 - International Day for Achievers, World Tuberculosis Day, recognized by the UNMarch 25 - International Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Slavery and the Transatlantic Slave Trade, recognized by the UNMarch 27 - World Theatre DayApril 2 - World Autism Awareness Day, recognized by the UNApril 3 - World Press Freedom Day, recognized by the UNApril 4 - International Day for Mine Awareness and Assistance in Mine Action, recognized by the UNApril 7 - World Health Day, recognized by the UNApril 7 - International Day of Reflection on the Genocide in Rwanda, recognized by the UNApril 14 - Mahl Language DayApril 16 - World Entrepreneurship Day (WED) siteApril 17 - World Hemophilia Day, recognized by the UNApril 21 - World Creativity and Innovation Day. Celebrations begin April 15 - Leonardo da Vinci's BirthdayApril 22 - Earth DayApril 23 - World Book and Copyright Day, recognized by the UNApril 24 - World Day for Laboratory Animals, recognized by the UNApril 25 - World Malaria Day, recognized by the WHOApril 26 - World Intellectual Property Day, recognized by the UN
May 1 - May Day - Labour Day
June 19 - World Sickle Cell Anaemia Awareness Day
April 28 - International Workers' Memorial DayApril 29 - World Dance Day
May 2 - International Day of Deliberately UnemployedMay 3 - World Press Freedom Day, recognized by the UNMay 4 - International Firefighters' DayMay 5 - International Midwives DayMay 7 - Rabindranath Tagore's Anniversary DayMay 8 - World Red Cross & Red Crescent DayMay 8-May 9 - Time of Remembrance and Reconciliation for Those Who Lost Their Lives during the Second World War, recognized by the UNMay 10 - International Mothers DayMay 12 - International Nurses DayMay 15 - International Day of Families, recognized by the UNMay 17 - World Information Society Day, recognized by the UNMay 18 - International Museum DayMay 19 - World Hepatitis DayMay 21 - World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development, recognized by the UNMay 22 - International Day for Biological Diversity, recognized by the UNMay 23 - World Turtle DayMay 29 - International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers, recognized by the UN
May 29 - Redhead Day in Walibi Belgium [1]
May 31 - World No Tobacco Day, recognized by the UNJune 1 - International Children's DayJune 4 - International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression, recognized by the UNJune 5 - World Environment Day, recognized by the UNJune 8 - World Brain Tumour DayJune 8 - World Ocean DayJune 12 - World Day Against Child LabourJune 14 - World Blood Donor Day, recognized by the UNJune 17 - World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought, recognized by the UNJune 18 - International Picnic Day
June 20 - World Refugee Day, recognized by the UNJune 21 - World Music DayJune 23 - United Nations Public Service Day, recognized by the UNJune 26 - International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, recognized by the UNJune 26 - International Day in Support of Victims of Torture, recognized by the UNJuly 8 - Writers' DayJuly 11 - World Population Day, recognized by the UNAugust 9 - International Day of the World's Indigenous People, recognized by the UN[6][7]August 12 - International Youth Day, recognized by the UNAugust 13 - International Lefthanders DayAugust 19 - World Humanitarian DayAugust 23 - International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and Its Abolition, recognized by the UNAugust 29 - Telugu Language DaySeptember 8 - International Literacy Day, recognized by the UNSeptember 10 - World Suicide Prevention DaySeptember 11 - World First Aid Day
October 2 - International Day of Non-Violence, recognized by the UN, observed on M.K. Gandhi's birthdayOctober 3 - World Smile Day[8]
November 19 - International Men's Day (Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, Australia, India, United States, Singapore, United Kingdom, Malta, South Africa, Hungary, Ireland, Ghana, and Canada)
September 15 - International Day of Democracy, recognized by the UNSeptember 15 - International Day of Engineers, recognized by the INDIA, In remembrance of Sir Mokshagundam VisvesvarayaSeptember 16 - International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer, recognized by the UNSeptember 19 - International Talk Like a Pirate DaySeptember 21 - International Day of Peace, recognized by the UNSeptember 21 - World Alzheimer's DaySeptember 22 - (World) Car Free Day(s)
September 25 - International Grab Hand Day, Not Recognised by UN, but only those in the GIS Industry, and all associated IT Disciplines. [citation needed]
September 26 - European Day of LanguagesSeptember 27 - World Tourism DaySeptember 28 - Right to Know Day (RightToKnowDay.net)September 28 - World Rabies DayOctober 1 - International Day of Older Persons, recognized by the UNOctober 1 - World Vegetarian Day
October 4 - World Animal DayOctober 5 - World Teachers' DayOctober 6 - World Hospice and Palliative Care DayOctober 8 - World Humanitarian Action DayOctober 9 - World Post Day, recognized by the UNOctober 10 - World Mental Health Day, recognized by the UNOctober 10 - World Day Against Death Penalty, recognized by the WCADPOctober 14 - World Standards DayOctober 15 - International Day of Rural Women, recognized by the UNOctober 15 - Global Handwashing DayOctober 16 - National Boss Day (Boss's Day)October 16 - World Food Day, recognized by the UNOctober 17 - International Day for the Eradication of Poverty, recognized by the UNOctober 20 - International Day of the Air Traffic Controller, [9]October 24 - United Nations Day, recognized by the UNOctober 24 - World Development Information Day, recognized by the UNOctober 27 - World Day for Audiovisual Heritage, recognized by the UNNovember 1 - World Vegan DayNovember 6 - International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict, recognized by the UNNovember 9 - World Freedom DayNovember 14 - World Diabetes Day, recognized by the UNNovember 16 - International Day for Tolerance, recognized by the UNNovember 17 - International Students Day
November 19 - World Toilet DayNovember 20 - Africa Industrialization Day, recognized by the UNNovember 20 - Universal Children's Day, recognized by the UNNovember 21 - World Hello DayNovember 21 - World Television Day, recognized by the UNNovember 25 - International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women, recognized by the UNNovember 25 - International Meatless Day[11]November 29 - International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People, recognized by the UN
November 30 - Computer Security DayDecember 1 - World Aids Day, recognized by the UN/ WORLD AIDS DAYDecember 2 - International Day for the Abolition of Slavery, recognized by the UNDecember 3 - International Day of Persons with Disabilities, recognized by the UNDecember 5 - International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development, recognized by the UNDecember 7 - International Civil Aviation Day, recognized by the UNDecember 9 - The International Day against Corruption, recognized by the UNDecember 10 - Human Rights Day, recognized by the UNDecember 11 - International Mountain Dew Day, recognized by the UNDecember 18 - International Migrants Day, recognized by the UNDecember 19 - United Nations Day for South-South Cooperation, recognized by the UNDecember 20 - International Human Solidarity Day, recognized by the UNDecember 25 - Christmas
Below follows a list of consecutively days, years and decades that have been denoted as international observances by the United Nations.
January 6 - World day for War orphans - initiated by (S.O.S Enfants En Detresse - www.soseed.org by Stephen N. Kinuthia)January 11 - International Day for Peace in Kenya January 11, 2008. Recent events in the country left Kenyans in fear of their future. The stalemate between the political leaders has created opportunity for destructive forces, and organized militia, which have risen to kill innocent people (more than 450 killed, thousands injured and over 250,000 displaced - initiated by (Kenya Welfare Foundation & Kenya Development Network and Consortium)
World Tourist Guide Day. International Mother Language Day originated as the international recognition of Language Movement Day, which has been commemorated in Bangladesh since 1952, when a number of Dhaka university students were killed by the Pakistani police and army in Dhaka during the Bengali Language Movement.
March 25 - International Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Slavery and the Transatlantic Slave Trade, recognized by the UN
April 4 - International Day for Mine Awareness and Assistance in Mine Action, recognized by the UN
April 21 - World Creativity and Innovation Day. Celebrations begin April 15 - Leonardo da Vinci's Birthday
May 8-May 9 - Time of Remembrance and Reconciliation for Those Who Lost Their Lives during the Second World War, recognized by the UN
August 23 - International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and Its Abolition, recognized by the UN
October 2 - International Day of Non-Violence, recognized by the UN, observed on M.K. Gandhi's birthday
November 19 - International Men's Day (Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, Australia, India, United States, Singapore, United Kingdom, Malta, South Africa, Hungary, Ireland, Ghana, and Canada)
September 15 - International Day of Engineers, recognized by the INDIA, In remembrance of Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya
, Not Recognised by UN, but only those in the GIS Industry, and all associated IT Disciplines. [citation needed]
November 6 - International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict, recognized by the UN
November 25 - International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women, recognized by the UN
December 5 - International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development, recognized by the UN
January 11 - International Day for Peace in Kenya January 11, 2008. Recent events in the country left Kenyans in fear of their future. The stalemate between the political leaders has created opportunity for destructive forces, and organized militia, which have risen to kill innocent people (more than 450 killed, thousands injured and over 250,000 displaced - initiated by (Kenya Welfare Foundation & Kenya Development Network and Consortium)
. International Mother Language Day originated as the international recognition of Language Movement Day, which has been commemorated in Bangladesh since 1952, when a number of Dhaka university students were killed by the Pakistani police and army in Dhaka during the Bengali Language Movement.
January 11 - International Day for Peace in Kenya January 11, 2008. Recent events in the country left Kenyans in fear of their future. The stalemate between the political leaders has created opportunity for destructive forces, and organized militia, which have risen to kill innocent people (more than 450 killed, thousands injured and over 250,000 displaced - initiated by (Kenya Welfare Foundation & Kenya Development Network and Consortium)
. International Mother Language Day originated as the international recognition of Language Movement Day, which has been commemorated in Bangladesh since 1952, when a number of Dhaka university students were killed by the Pakistani police and army in Dhaka during the Bengali Language Movement.
January 11 - International Day for Peace in Kenya January 11, 2008. Recent events in the country left Kenyans in fear of their future. The stalemate between the political leaders has created opportunity for destructive forces, and organized militia, which have risen to kill innocent people (more than 450 killed, thousands injured and over 250,000 displaced - initiated by (Kenya Welfare Foundation & Kenya Development Network and Consortium)
. International Mother Language Day originated as the international recognition of Language Movement Day, which has been commemorated in Bangladesh since 1952, when a number of Dhaka university students were killed by the Pakistani police and army in Dhaka during the Bengali Language Movement.
World Days in January 2010
27 International Day of Commemoration in memory of the victims of the Holocaust
World Days in February 2010
4
20
21
World Days in March 2010
8
United Nations Day for Women's Rights and International Peace
21 International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
21-28 Week of Solidarity with the Peoples Struggling against Racism and Racial Discrimination
World Cancer Day
World Day of Social Justice
International Mother Language Day
International Women's Day and
22
23
24
World Days in April 2010
4 International Day for Mine Awareness and Assistance in Mine Action
7
23
World Days in May 2010
1
3
5
8
12
World Water Day
World Meteorological Day
World Tuberculosis Day
World Health Day
World Book and Copyright Day
International Labor Day
World Press Freedom Day
World Athletics Day
World Red Cross Day
International Nurses Day
15
17
21 World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development
22
25-Jun-01 Week of Solidarity with the Peoples of Non-Self-Governing Territories
29 International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers
31
World Days in June 2010
1
International Day of Families
World Information Society Day
International Day for Biological Diversity
World No-Tobacco Day
1st Tuesday of May
World Asthma Day
International children's day
4
5
17
17 World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought
20
21
23 United Nations Public Service Day
26
International Day in Support of Victims of Torture
World Days in July 2010
International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression
World Environment Day
World Ocean Day
World Refugee Day
World Music Day
International Anti Drugs Day and
First Saturday
International Day of Cooperatives
2
6
11
World Days in August 2010
9 International Day of the World's Indigenous People
12
23 International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition
World Days in September 2010
8
15
16 International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer
19
World Sports Journalists Day
World Zonnosis Day
World Population Day
International Youth Day
International Literacy Day
International Day of Democracy
International Talk Like A Pirate Day
21
24
27
World Days in October 2010
1
2
4
10-Apr
5
9 World Post Day
International Day of Peace
World Heart Day
World Tourism Day
During last Week
World Maritime Day
World Vegetarian Day and
International Day for Older Persons
World Farm Animals Day
World Animal Day
World Space Week
World Teacher's Day
First Monday
World Habitat Day
Second Wednesday
International Day for Natural Disaster Reduction
10
15
16
17
24
24-30
25
World Days in November 2010
6 International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict
14
World Egg Day and
World Mental Health Day
Global Handwashing Day
World Food Day
International Day for the Eradication of Proverty
United Nations Day and
World Development Information Day
Disarmament Week
World Pasta Day
First Monday of October
World Habitat Day
World Diabetes Day
16
World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims
20
21
25 International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women
29 International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People
World Days in December 2010
1
2
3
International Day of Tolerance
Third Sunday
Universal Children's Day, and
Africa Industrialization Day
World Television Day
World AIDS Day
International Day for the Abolition of Slavery
International Day of Disabled Persons
5 International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development
7
9
10
11
18
19 United Nations Day for South-South Cooperation
20 International Human Solidarity Day
International Civil Aviation Day
International Anti Corruption Day
Human Rights Day
International Mountain Day
International Migrants Day
ALBANIA
7 March - Teacher's Day8 March - Woman's Day14 March - Summer Day - Public Holiday
4 April - Easter Day (Catholic) - Public Holiday4 April - Easter Day (Orthodox) - Public Holiday
9 September - Eid ul-Fitr (Bajram i Madh) - Public Holiday
16 November - Eid al-Adha (Bajram i Vogel) - Public Holiday28 November - Independence Day - Public Holiday29 November - Liberation Day - Public Holiday
ARGENTINA
24 March - Día Nacional de la Memoria por la Verdad y la Justicia (ley 26.085)2 April - Día del Veterano y de los Caídos en la Guerra de Malvinas (ley 26.110)
12 October(next Mon after) - Día de la Raza8 December - Inmaculada Concepción de María
ARMENIA
AUSTRALIA
Good Friday, Holy Saturday and Easter Monday - variable dates. For 2010 Friday 2 April and Monday 5th are public holidays.
26 December - Boxing Day (except South Australia), Proclamation Day (South Australia only)
AUSTRIA
1 & 2 January - New Year's Days - Public Holiday
22 March - Sultan Nouruz Remembrance - Public Holiday
1 May - Labour Day - Public Holiday
19 October - Mother Teresa Day - Public Holiday
8 December - National Youth Day - Public Holiday25 December - Christmas Day - Public Holiday
1 January - New Year's Day
variable date - Maundy Thursdayvariable date - Good Friday1 May - Labour Day25 May - Anniversary of the May Revolution20 June(next Mon after) - Paso a la Inmortalidad del General Manuel Belgrano9 July - Anniversary of the Argentine Declaration of Independence17 August(next Mon after) - Paso a la Inmortalidad del General José de San Martín
25 December - Christmas Day
1 January - New Year's Day6 January - Armenian Christmas24 April - Armenian genocide
1 January - New Year's Day26 January - Australia Day
25 December - Christmas Day
Labour Day (localised holiday, on a different day in each region) 5 Oct 2009 for NSW.Show Day (localised holiday, on a different day in each region
1 January - New Year's Day
Whit Sunday* - (Pfingsten) Pentecost Descent of the Holy Ghost upon the Apostles,fifty days after the Resurrection of ChristCorpus Christi* - First Holy Eucharist Last supper. Thursday after Trinity Sunday
An asterisk (*) denotes a movable holiday.
AZERBAIJAN
An asterisk (*) denotes a movable holiday.
BAHAMAS
12 October - Discovery Day / National Heroes Day
[edit] Barbados
6 January - EpiphanyEaster Monday*1 May - Labour DayAscension Day* - (Christi Himmelfahrt) The fortieth day after Easter Sunday
15 August - Assumption of Mary26 October - Austrian National Day (day of the Declaration of Neutrality)1 November - All Saints' Day8 December - Feast of the Immaculate Conception, retail stores are allowed to open for Christmas shopping25 December - Christmas Day26 December - St Stephen's Day
1–2 January - New Year's Day20 January - Black January Martyr's Day8 March - International Women's Day20–21 March - Nowruz9 May - Victory over Fascism Day (May 9)28 May - Republic Day15 June - National Salvation Day26 June - Army and Navy Day12 November - Constitution Day31 December - International Solidarity DayEid ul-Fitr Ramazan Bayrami*Eid al-Adha Gurban Bayrami*
1 January - New Year's Day6 April - Good Friday9 April - Easter Monday7 May - Whit Monday9 May - Labour Day10 July - Independence Day6 August - Emancipation Day
24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day
1 January - New Year's Day21 January - Errol Barrow Day
[edit] Bangladesh
21 February 2010 - International Mother Language Day27 February 2010* - Eid-e-Miladunnabi17 March 2010 - Birth day of the Father of the Nation, Bangabandhu26 March 2010 - Independence Day1 May 2010 - International Labour Day
13 August 2009* - Posthumous15 August 2010 - National Mourning Day7 September 2010* - [Laylat al-Qadr|Shab-e-Qadar]10 September 2010* - Jamat-ul-Bida
16 December 2010 - Victory Day25 December 2010 - Christmas Day
[edit] Belarus
[edit] Belgium
variable date - Good Fridayvariable date - Easter Monday28 April - National Heroes' Day1st Monday of May - Labour Dayvariable date - Whit Monday1st Monday in August - Kadooment Day1 August - Emancipation Day30 November - Independence Day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day26 December-27 December - Boxing Day
Main article: Public holidays in Bangladesh
27 May 2010 - Buddha Purnima28 July 2010* - Shab-e-Barat
11 September 2010* - Eid ul-Fitr17 October 2010 - Durga Puja17 November 2010* - Eid ul-Adha
Note: The star marked dates may change subject to sighting of the moon.
Main article: Public holidays in Belarus
Main article: Public holidays in Belgium
1 January - New Year's DayVarying - Easter1st Monday after Easter - Easter Monday1 May - Labour Day
11 July - Flemish Community Holiday only held in Flanders - not a public holiday
27 September - French Community Holiday only held in Wallonia - not a public holiday
15 November - Dynasty Day & Day of German-speaking Community only held in areas of the German-speaking Community of Belgium - not a public holiday
[edit] Belize
Good Friday, Holy Saturday, Easter Sunday and Easter Monday - variable dates
[edit] Bermuda
Thursday before the first Monday in August (2 August 2007) - Emancipation Day (first Day of Cup Match)
6th Thursday after Easter - Ascension7th Sunday after Easter - Pentecost8th Monday after Easter - Pentecost Monday
21 July - National Holiday - commemorating the ascension to the throne of Belgium's first king Leopold I15 August - Assumption of Mary
1 November - All Saints2 November - All Souls Day - not a public holiday - Sander Stouthuysen birthday - public holiday, most companies are closed11 November - Armistice Day
24 December - Christmas Eve- not a public holiday25 December - Christmas Day
Main article: Public holidays in Belize
1 January - New Year's Day9 March - Baron Bliss Day
1 May - Labour Day24 May - Sovereign's Day / Commonwealth Day10 September - St. George's Caye Day21 September - Independence Day12 October - Pan American Day (Columbus Day)19 November - Garifuna Settlement Day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day
Main article: Holidays in Bermuda
1 January - New Year's Dayvariable dates (6 April 2007) - Good Friday24 May - Bermuda Day11 June - Queen's Birthday
Friday before the first Monday in August (3 August 2007) - Somer's Day (Second day of Cup Match)First Monday in September (3 September 2007) - Labour Day11 November - Remembrance Day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day
[edit] Bhutan
(lunar) - Offerings Day
2 June - Coronation Day
(lunar) - Dashaim(lunar) - Buddha Descension Day17 December - National Day
[edit] Bosnia and Herzegovina
Eid ul-Fitr Ramazan BayramEid al-Adha Kurban Bayram
January 7- Christmas
[edit] Brazil
12 October - Our Lady Aparecida (Patron saint of Brazil), also celebrated as Children's Day
(lunar) - Losay (Lunar New Year)2 May - The King's Birthday(lunar) - Shabdrung Kuchoe (death anniversary of the Shabdrung)(lunar) - Third King's Birthday
(lunar) - Buddha Parinirvana(lunar) - Buddha's First Sermon(lunar) - Third King's Death(lunar) - Guru Rinpoche's Birthday(lunar) - Blessed Rainy Day
19 December - Stelios Boulieris' Day21 December - Winter Solstice
1 January - New Year's Day
Easter
1 May - May DayChristmas Day
Main article: Public holidays in Brazil
1 January - New Year's Day47 days before Easter - CarnivalVariable dates - Good FridayVariable dates - Easter21 April - Tiradentes1 May - Labour DayVariable dates - Corpus Christi7 September - Independence Day
2 November - Finados15 November - Proclamation of the Republic24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day
2010 variable holidays:
February 15–17 - Carnival2 April - Paixão de Cristo4 April - Easter3 June - Corpus Christi
2009 variable holidays:
February 23–25 - Carnival10 April - Paixão de Cristo12 April - Easter11 June - Corpus Christi
2008 variable holidays:
February 4–6 - Carnival21 March - Paixão de Cristo23 March - Easter
[edit] British Virgin Islands
1 January - New Year's Day5 March - Lavity Stoutt's birthday12 March - Commonwealth dayGood Friday - Friday before Easter (calculated according to Western Christian calendar)Easter MondayWhit Monday1 July - Territory Day1st Monday in August - Festival MondayTuesday after 1st Monday in August - Festival TuesdayWednesday after 1st Monday in August - Festival Wednesday21 October - Saint Ursula's day
25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day
[edit] Bulgaria
22 May - Corpus Christi
Main article: Public holidays in the British Virgin Islands
24 December - Christmas Eve
Main article: Public holidays in Bulgaria
1 January - New Year's Day3 March - Liberation of BulgariaGreat Friday - moveable
6 May - St. George's Day and Army Day
6 September - Day of the Union of Eastern Rumelia with the Bulgarian Principality
First Monday in August - name varies by province
[edit] Chile
Easter Monday - moveable1 May - Labour Day
24 May - Education and Culture Day and Day of the Slavic Heritage
22 September - Independence Day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Second Day of Christmas31 December - New Year's Eve
[edit] Canada
Main article: Public holidays in Canada
1 January - New Year's DayThird Monday in February - Family Day - in some provinces. Called "Louis Riel Day" in Manitoba.Good FridayEaster Monday - schools, banks, and governmentLast Monday on or before 24 May - Victoria Day24 June - Fête nationale du Québec - public holiday in Quebec1 July - Canada Day
First Monday in September - Labour DaySecond Monday in October - Thanksgiving Day11 November - Remembrance Day - limited to government agencies and banks in some provinces; public holiday in British Columbia, public holiday in Atlantic provinces if it falls on a week day.24 December - Christmas Eve (in some provinces)25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day
Main article: Public holidays in Chile
1 January - New Year's DayMarch/April - Good FridayMarch/April - Holy Saturday20 April - 4201 May - Labour Day21 May - Navy Day29 June - Feast of Saints Peter and Paul16 July - Our Lady of Mount Carmel15 August - Assumption of Mary18 September - Independence Day19 September - Glories of the Army Day12 October - Columbus Day31 October - Reformation Day1 November - All Saints
Traditional holidays:
Chinese New Year - Second New Moon following the Winter Solstice - Late January or February
See also:
[edit] Colombia
Holy Thursday, and Good Friday - variable dates
Corpus Christi Day - variable dates (Thursday after Trinity Sunday)22 May 2008, 11 June 2009, 3 June 2010; 23 June 2011, 7 June 2012, 30 May 2013, 19 June 2014, 4 June 2015, 26 May 2016, 15 June 2017, 31 May 2018, 20 June 2019, 11 June 2020, 3 June 2021, 16 June 2022
Sacred Heart Day - variable dates (19 days after Pentecost)
8 December - Immaculate Conception25 December - Christmas Day
[edit] China
Further information: Public holidays in China
Lunar Calendar Month 1 Day 1 - Chinese Lunar New Year (Second New Moon following the Winter Solstice - Late January or February)Lunar Calendar Month 1 Day 15 - Lantern Festival4 April/5 April - Qingming FestivalLunar Calendar Month 5 Day 5 - Dragon BoatLunar Calendar Month 7 Day 7 - Qi Xi- Chinese Valentine's DayLunar Calendar Month 7 Day 15 - Ghost FestivalLunar Calendar Month 8 Day 15 - Mid-Autumn FestivalLunar Calendar Month 9 Day 9 - Double Ninth Festival
Holidays in the People's Republic of China:
1 January - New Year's Day2 January - New Year's Day Holiday
1 May-3 May - Labour Day1 July - CPC Founding Day1 August - Army Day1 October-3 October - National Day
Chinese calendarPublic holidays in Hong KongPublic holidays in Macau
A more reliable, detailed, and up-to-date list of official non-working holidays, in Spanish, is to be found in Spanish-language Wikipedia Fiestas de Colombia.
1 January - New Year's Day8 January - Epiphany19 March - Saint Joseph's Day
1 May - Labour Day21 May - Ascension Day
2 July - Feast of Saints Peter and Paul
[edit] Costa Rica
Holy Thursday, and Good Friday - variable dates
[edit] Croatia (Hrvatska)
[edit] Cyprus
2 March - Ash Monday - Green Monday (variable - 50 days before Easter Sunday each year)
20 July - Independence Day7 August - Battle of Boyaca's Day15 August - Assumption Day12 October - Columbus Day5 November - All Saint's Day8 December - Immaculate Conception Day25 December - Christmas Day
Main article: Holidays in Costa Rica
1 January - New Year's Day11 April - Battle of Rivas Day
1 May - Labour Day25 July - Guanacaste Day2 August - Virgen de los Angeles Day15 August - Mother's Day15 September - Independence Day12 October - Meeting of Cultures Day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day
Main article: Holidays in Croatia
1 January - New Year's Day - Nova Godina6 January - Epiphany - Bogojavljenjevariable date - Easter Sunday and Monday - Uskrs i Uskrsni ponedjeljak1 May - Labour Day - Međunarodni praznik rada60 days post Easter - Corpus Christi - Tijelovo22 June - Anti-fascist struggle day - Dan antifašističke borbe25 June - Statehood Day (Croatia) - Dan državnosti5 August - Victory Day (Croatia) - Dan pobjede i domovinske zahvalnosti i Dan hrvatskih branitelja15 August - Assumption of Mary - Velika Gospa8 October - Independence Day - Dan nezavisnosti1 November - All Saint's Day - Dan svih svetih25 December - Christmas Day - Božić26 December - Saint Stephen - Sveti Stjepan
1 January - New Year's Day6 January - Epiphany Day
1 April - Cyprus Revolution 1955-59 Day2–5 April - Greek Orthodox Easter
1 January - Restoration Day of the Independent Czech State
28 October - Independent Czechoslovak State Day17 November - Struggle for Freedom and Democracy Day24 December - Christmas Eve; Christmas is celebrated during the evening of the 24th.
10 April - Good Friday13 April - Easter Monday
25 December - Jul (Denmark) (Christmas Day)
[edit] Dominican Republic
25 March - Greek Revolution Day - Mary's Immaculate Conception Day
1 May - Labour Day50 days after Easter Sunday each year - Holy Spirit Monday - "Deftera tou Kataklismou"15 August - Assumption of Mary Day1 October - Independence Day28 October - Greece OHI Day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day31 December - New Year's Eve
[edit] Czech Republic
Main article: Public holidays in the Czech Republic
variable date: Easter Monday - Easter is celebrated for two days (Sunday and Monday)1 May - Labour Day8 May - Liberation Day5 July - Saints Cyril and Methodius Day6 July - Jan Hus Day28 September - St. Wenceslas Day (Czech Statehood Day)
25 December - Christmas Day26 December - St. Stephen's Day
[edit] Denmark
Main article: Holidays in Denmark
1 January - New Year's Day9 April - Maundy Thursday
8 May - General Prayer Day21 May - Ascension Day1 June - Whit Monday5 June - Constitution Day
26 December - Boxing Day
Main article: Holidays in Dominican Republic
6 January - Dia de Reyes (Epiphany)21 January - Dia de la Altagracia
1 May - Labor Day and Ascension Day
[edit] Egypt
24 October - Suez Victory Day
Easter Sunday and Easter Monday - variable date
In addition, the following holidays are reserved for observance by Copts, though are not national holidays:
[edit] Estonia
1 January - New Year's Day
26 January - Duarte Day (Juan Pablo Duarte)27 February - Independence Day21 March - Viernes Santo
22 May - Corpus Christi16 August - Dia de la Restauración (Restoration Day)24 September - Dia de las Mercedes (Mercedes' Day)6 November - Constitution Day5 December - Discovery Day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day
Main article: Holidays in Egypt
7 January - Coptic Christmas Day16 March - Ash Princess Day25 April - Day of Sinai Liberation (observed in the Sinai only)1 May - Labour Day18 June - Evacuation Day23 July - Revolution Day6 October - Armed Forces Day
Eid ul-Fitr - variable date (celebrated by Muslims)Eid ul-Adha - variable date (celebrated by Muslims)Islamic New Year - variable date
11 September - Coptic New Year's Day
Main article: Public holidays in Estonia
1 January - New Year's Day - (uusaasta)6 January - Epiphany - (kolmekuningapäev)2 February - Anniversary of the Tartu Peace Treaty - (Tartu rahulepingu aastapäev)- Treaty that ended the Estonian War of Independence in 1920.24 February - Independence Day - (iseseisvuspäev) - National holiday, that celebrates the Declaration of Independence of 1918.14 March - Native Language Day - (emakeelepäev) - Kristjan Jaak Peterson's birthday.Moveable Friday - Good Friday - (suur reede)
[edit] European Union
The European Union does not have official holiday days. These are under the control of member states. Europe Day, however, is recognised as the shared holiday celebrating the European Union. Europe Day is celebrated by some states on 9 May.
[edit] Fiji
Moveable Sunday - Easter Sunday - (ülestõusmispühade 1. püha or lihavõtted)Moveable Sunday - Mothers' Day - (emadepäev)1 May - May Day - (kevadpüha)Moveable - Whitsunday (Pentecost) - (nelipühade 1. püha)4 June - National Flag Day - (Eesti lipu päev) - Date when the Flag of Estonia was first consecrated in 1884.14 June - Day of Mourning and Commemoration - (leinapäev) Commemorating the victims of Soviet deportations in 1941 and 1949.23 June - Victory Day - (võidupüha) - Celebrates the victory in the Battle of Võnnu during the Estonian War of Independence.24 June - St. John's Day or Midsummer Day - (jaanipäev)20 August - Day of Restoration of Independence - (taasiseseisvumispäev) - Celebrates Estonia's restoration of independence in 1991.22 September - Resistance Day - (vastupanuvõitluse päev)- Otto Tief's attempt to restore the Estonian independence in 19442 November - All Souls' Day - (hingedepäev)Moveable Sunday - Fathers' Day - (isadepäev)16 November - Day of Declaration of Sovereignty - (taassünni päev) - Estonian Declaration of Sovereignty, which was issued in 1989.24 December - Christmas Eve - (jõululaupäev)25 December - Christmas Day - (esimene jõulupüha)26 December - Boxing Day - (teine jõulupüha)
Main article: Holidays in the European Union
Europe Day
Main article: Public holidays in Fiji
1 January - New Year's Day2 April - Prophet Muhammad's Birthday6 April - Good Friday7 April - Easter Saturday9 April - Easter Monday4 May - National Youth Day28 May - Ratu Sir Lala Sukuna Day18 June - Queen's Birthday8 October - Fiji Day9 November - Diwali24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day
[edit] Finland
Main article: Holidays in Finland
Date Remarks
1-Jan
6-Jan
1-May Vappu
Juhannus
6-Dec
English Name
Local Name
New Year's DayUudenvuodenpäivä
EpiphanyLoppiainen
Moveable FridayGood FridayPitkäperjantai
The Friday before Easter Sunday
Moveable SundayEaster SundayPääsiäinen
Moveable MondayEaster Monday
2. pääsiäispäivä
The day after Easter Sunday
May Day See Walpurgis Night
Friday between 19 June and 25 June Midsummer Eve
Juhannusaatto
Non official - however a de facto full holiday
Saturday between 20 June and 26 June Midsummer Day
Saturday between 31 October and 6 November All Saints' Day
Pyhäinpäivä
Moved from 1 November
Independence DayItsenäisyyspäivä
24-Dec
25-Dec Joulu
26-Dec
[edit] Georgia
Christmas EveJouluaatto
Non official - however a de facto full holiday
Christmas Day
Boxing DayTapaninpäivä
All Sundays Official holidays - names follow the Liturgical year
[edit] France
Main article: Holidays in France
1 January - Jour de l'an - New Year's DayApril - Lundi de Pâques - Easter Monday1 May - Fête du travail - Labour Day8 May - Victoire 1945 - VE DayMay - Ascension - 40 days after Easter14 July - "14 juillet" - Bastille Day15 August - Assomption - Assumption of Mary1 November - Toussaint - All Saints11 November - Armistice 1918 - Armistice Day25 December - Noël - Christmas Day
Main article: Public holidays in Georgia
1 January - New Year7 January - Eastern Orthodox Christmas Day19 January - Eastern Orthodox Epiphany3 March - Mother's Dayvariable date - Easter9 April - Day of National Unity9 May - 1945 Victory Day26 May - Independence Day28 August - Assumption of Mary14 October - Svetitskhovloba
movable feast - Good Friday (Local name: Megali Paraskevi)movable feast - Easter Monday (Local name: Deftera tou Pascha)movable feast - Holy Spirit Day (Local name: Agiou Pneumatos)
[edit] Greenland
[edit] Gibraltar
23 November - St George's Day
[edit] Germany
Main article: Public holidays in Germany
[edit] Greece
Main article: Public holidays in Greece
1 January - New Year's Day (Local name: Protochronia)6 January - Epiphany Day (Local name: Ton Foton)25 March - Greek Independence Day (Local name: Tou Evangelismou)movable feast - [Lent [Clean] Monday]] (Local name: Kathari Deftera)
1 May - Labor Day (Local name: Protomayia)15 August - Assumption of Mary (Local name: Kimisi ths Theotokou)28 October - Greek National Day (Local name: Epetios tou Ohi)24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day (Local name: Hristougenna)26 December - Boxing Day
1 January - New Year's Day (Protochronia)6 January - Epiphany Day (Ton Foton)9 April - Maundy Thursday10 April - Good Friday13 April - Easter Monday8 May - General Prayer Day (Store Bededag)21 May - Ascension Day1 June - Whit Monday21 June - National Day (Ullortuneq)24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day (Anden Juledag)31 December - New Year's Eve
1 January - New Year's Daysecond Monday of March - Commonwealth Day21 March - Good Friday - variable24 March - Easter Monday - variable5 May - May Day - nearest next Monday
[edit] Guatemala
March or April - Holy Thursday, Good Friday, Holy Saturday
1 May - Labour Day, May Day
20 October - Revolution Day
In addition the local festivities are considered official holidays in the specific municipalities. Most holidays are patron saint's days.
15 August - Assumption of Mary (Guatemala City only)
Source, Guatemalan Labour Code, Guatemalan Official Holidays.
[edit] Haiti
2 January - Ancestry Day6 January - Les Rois (the kings)16 February - Carnival (Mardi Gras, lasts a week though only one day is an official holiday.)
22 May - Sovereignty and Thanksgiving Day*30 May _ Mother's Day (Celebrating always on the last Sunday in May)
Early July - Pilgrimage of St. D'Eau*
17 October - October Death of Jean-Jacques Dessalines
26 May - Spring Bank Holiday - last Monday of May18 June - Queen's Birthday - variable25 August - Late Summer Bank Holiday - last Monday of August10 September - Gibraltar National Day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day
1 January - New Year's Day
26 April - Secretary's Day Only Secretaries
10 May - Mother's Day17 June - Father's Day30 June - Army Day15 September - Independence Day
1 November - All Saint's Day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day31 December - New Year's Eve
1 January - Independence Day
7 April - Death of Toussaint L'Ouverture1 May- Labour Day18 May - Flag Day
7 June - Corpus Christi
15 August - Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
1 November - All Saints Day2 November - All Souls Day
[edit] Honduras
March or April - Good Friday, Easter, Easter Monday14 April - Day of the Americas
10 September - International day of the children
1 January - New Year's DayFirst day to third day of the first month in the Chinese lunar calendar - Lunar New Year
Day following Good Friday
Fifth day of the fifth moon in the Chinese lunar calendar - Duanwu Festival or Tuen Ng Festival
26 December - Day following Christmas
.
1 January - New Year's Day
18 November - Vertieres Day5 December - Discovery of Haiti24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day
Folk religion holidays are available on the Vodou page.
1 January - New Year’s Day3 February - Day of the Virgin of Suyapa
1 May - Labour Day
15 September - Independence Day3 October - Morazán Day12 October - Columbus Day21 October - Armed Forces Day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day
[edit] Hong Kong
4 April/5 April - Ching Ming FestivalGood Friday
Easter Monday1 May - Labour DayEighth day of the fourth moon in the Chinese lunar calendar - Buddha's Birthday
1 July - Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment DaySixteenth day of the eighth moon in the Chinese lunar calendar - Day following Mid-Autumn Festival1 October - National Day of the People's Republic of ChinaNinth day of the ninth moon in the Chinese lunar calendar - Chung Yeung Festival25 December - Christmas Day
[edit] Hungary
Main article: Public holidays in Hungary
15 March - 1848 Revolution Day
Moveable - Easter Monday1 May - Labour DayMoveable - Pentecost
23 October - 1956 Memorial Day1 November - All Saints Day25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day
The Union Government designates national holidays which are generally observed all over the country, although they are mandatory only for Union Government institutions. State governments generally specify additional holidays depending on their demographics. For example, Guru Nanak Jayanti is a holiday in the North Western states of Haryana and Punjab, and in Delhi, but it is not a holiday in other states and territories where there is no significant Sikh population.
Public Holidays as specified by the Union Government (generally observed in the entire Union):
26 January - Republic Day: Marks the adoption of the Constitution.1 May - Labour day
2 October - Gandhi Jayanti: Birth Day of Mahatma Gandhi19 October - Diwali: Ram returned to his kingdom after defeating Ravan Diwali14 November - Childrens day: Nehru birthday
25 December - Christmas
[edit] Indonesia
19January-Muharram1Syawal - Idul Fitri
20 August - St. Stephen Day
[edit] India
Main article: Holidays in India
1 January - New Year
15 August - Independence Day: Marks the day India achieved independence from the United Kingdom10 September Eid ul-Fitr (calculated)
16 November to November 19 Eid al-Adha (calculated)
India is a multicultural and multireligious society and celebrates holidays and festivals of various religions. In addition to national holidays, many states and regions have local festivals depending on religious and linguistic demographics.[1]
Main article: Public holidays in Indonesia
1 January - New Year's DayJanuary to February - Chinese New YearMarch to May - Prophet Muhammad's BirthdayBalinese Day of Silence (Nyepi)March to April Good FridayMay - Vesak DayMay - Ascension Day of Jesus ChristJuly - Isra and Mi'Raj17August - Independence Day25 December - Christmas Day
[edit] Iran
[edit] Israel
2 June - Anniversary of the Republic15 August - Ferragosto or Assumption of Mary
[edit] Jordan
[edit] Kazakhstan
1 January - New Year's Day
Main article: holidays in Iran
[edit] Ireland
Main article: public holidays in the Republic of Ireland
See Holidays and events in Israel for a short list.
See Jewish holidays for background information.
See Jewish holidays 2000-2050 for the exact dates on the Gregorian calendar.
[edit] Italy
Main article: Holidays in Italy
1 January - New Year's Day6 January - Epiphany(variable) - Easter Sunday(variable) - Easter Monday25 April - Liberation Day1 May - International Labour Day
1 November - All Saints' Day8 December - Immaculate Conception25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Saint Stephen
[edit] Japan
Main article: Holidays of Japan
Main article: Public holidays in Jordan
Main article: Public holidays in Kazakhstan
7 January - Orthodox Christmas8 March - International Women's Day22 March - Nauryz Meyrami (Traditional Spring Holiday)1 May - Kazakhstan People's Unity Day9 May - Victory Day30 August - Constitution Day17 November - Eid al-Adha/Kurban Ait (Feast of the Sacrifice) (date changes according to the Muslim lunar calendar)16 December - 17 December - Independence Day
[edit] Kenya
1 May - Labour day or May day
When an official holiday falls on a Sunday, the following Monday will be an official holiday.
[edit] Kyrgyzstan
1 January - New Year's Day7 January - Russian Orthodox Christmas8 March - Women's Day
1 May - Labor Day5 May - Constitution Day8 May - Remembrance Day9 May - Victory Day (end of World War II)31 August - Independence DayFirst Sunday in October - Teachers' Day
[edit] Latvia
1 January - New Year's DayGood FridayEaster SundayEaster Monday
1 June - Madaraka Day (Kenya attained Internal self rule)10 October - Holiday, Was Moi Day.20 October - Kenyatta Day6 November - Obama Day (2008)12 December - Jamhuri Day (Commemorates Kenya's establishment as a republic - 1964)24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day
Main article: List of public holidays in Kyrgyzstan
21 March - Nooruz, Iranian spring festival
Main article: Holidays in Latvia
[edit] Lebanon
movealbe - Easter Sunday, Easter Monday
25 May - Liberation of the South
moveable - Eid ul-Fitr - The end of Ramadan on the 1st ofShawwal.moveable - Eid ul-Adha - The 10th day of the month of Dhul Hijja.
4 December - Saint Barbara's Day or Eid il-Burbara
[edit] Liberia
[edit] Liechtenstein
1 January - New Year's Day6 January - Epiphany9 February - Saint Maroun's Day9 March - Teacher's Day21 March - Mother's Day25 March - Feast of the Annunciationmoveable - Good Friday
23 April - Saint George's Day1 May - Labour Day
21 June - Father's Day19 July - Saint Charbel's Day20 July - Saint Elias's Day15 August - Assumption Day8 September - Nativity Of Our Lady
1 November - All Saint's Day22 November - Independence Day
24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day
1 January - New Year's Day11 February - Armed Forces Day10 March - Decoration Day15 March - President J.J. Robert's Birthday9 April - Fast and Prayer Day14 May - Unification Day26 July - Independence Day24 August - National Flag Day4 November - Thanksgiving Day29 November - President William V.S. Tubman's Birthday25 December - Christmas Day
Main article: Public holidays in Liechtenstein
1 January - New Year's Day6 January - Epiphany2 February - Candlemas
[edit] Lithuania
16 February - Independence Day, commemorating the recovery of national independence in 1918
[edit] Luxembourg
1 May - May Day / Labour Day
19 March - Saint Joseph's Daymoveable - Easter Monday1 May - May Daymoveable - Ascension Daymoveable - Whit Mondaymoveable - Corpus Christi15 August - Assumption Day8 September - Nativity Of Our Lady1 November - All Saints Day8 December - Immaculate Conception24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day26 December - St. Stephen's Day
Main article: public holidays in Lithuania
1 January - New Year's Day
11 March - Independence Restoration Day, commemorating the recovery of national independence in 199023 March - Easter Sunday24 March - Easter Monday1 May - Labour Day4 May - Mother's Day (First Sunday of May)1 June - Father's Day (First Sunday of June)24 June - St. John's Day6 July - Mindaugas' Coronation Day - Day of the State15 August - Assumption Day1 November - All Saints Day25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Second Christmas Day
1 January - New Year's Day15 February - Carnival (only celebrated in the city of Luxembourg)2 April - Good Friday5 April - Easter Monday
13 May - Ascension Day24 May - White Monday23 June - National Day15 August - Assumption Day1 September - Luxembourg City Fete (only celebrated in the city of Luxembourg)1 November - All Saints Day24 December - Christmas Eve
(All dates are for 2010)
[edit] Republic of Macedonia
2 August - Ilinden, Republic Day
23 October - Day of the Macedonian Revolutionary Struggle
[edit] Malaysia
December to January - Awal Muharram
1 May - Labour Day - Workers' Day
First Saturday of June - King's Birthday
[edit] Malta
25 December - Christmas Day26 December - St. Stephen's Day
Main article: Public holidays in the Republic of Macedonia
1 January - New Year's Day7 January - Christmas19 January - Vodici1 May - Labor Day24 May - St.Kiril and Metodij
8 September - Independence Day11 October - Uprising Day
8 December - St.Kliment Ohridskivariable - Easter (Good Friday and Easter Monday)variable - Ramadan
See Holidays in Malaysia for the complete list and explanation of each festival.
1 January - New Year's Day30 January -Thaipusam14 and 15 February - Chinese New YearMarch to May - Prophet Muhammad's Birthday (Falls in the 3rd month of the Muslim calendar)
May - Wesak Day
31 August - Hari Merdeka (Independence Day)October to early November - Hari Raya PuasaLate October to mid November - DeepavaliAwal Muharram Islamic New YearDecember - Hari Raya Haji (Falls on the 10th day of 12th month of the Muslim calendar)25 December - Christmas Day
Public holidays
1 January - New Year's Day10 February - Saint Paul's Shipwreck
Friday before Easter Sunday - Good Friday
School Holidays
Last two days of Carnival (Monday and Tuesday)First Wednesday after Easter - Saint Gregory Day
[edit] Mauritius
Public holidays
6 January- Three Kings' Day
19 March - Feast of Saint Joseph31 March - Freedom Day
1 May - Feast of St. Joseph the Worker7 June - Sette Giugno29 June - Feast of Saints Peter and Paul (Mnarja)15 August - Feast of the Assumption of Our Lady8 September - Victory Day21 September - Independence Day8 December - Feast of the Immaculate Conception13 December - Republic Day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day
1 November - All Saints' Day2 November - All Souls' Day
1 & 2 January - New Year's Days - Public Holiday30 January - Thaipoosam Cavadee(Tamil Festival) - Public Holiday1 Febuary - Abolition of Slavery - Public Holiday12 Febuary - Maha Shivaratree(Hindu Festival) - Public Holiday14 Febuary - Chinese Spring Festival - Public Holiday12 March - National Day - Public Holiday16 March - Ougadi(Telegu Festival) - Public Holiday1 May - Labour Day - Public Holiday15 August - Assumption of the Virgin Mary(Christian Festival) - Public Holiday10 September - Eid ul-Fitr (Muslim Festival) - Public Holiday12 September - Ganesh Chaturthi (Marathi Festival) - Public Holiday2 November - Arrival of Indentured Labourers - Public Holiday5 November - Divali(Hindu Festival) - Public Holiday25 December - Christmas Day - Public Holiday
[edit] Mexico
1 January - New Year's Day
5 February - Día de la Constitución21 March - Natalicio de Benito Juárez1 May - Día del Trabajo
25 December - Christmas Day
Religious holidays
Maundy Thursday - Thursday before Easter Sunday
[edit] Montenegro
Public holidays
[edit] Myanmar
November^ (Full Moon of Tazaungdaing) - Tazaungdaing Festival
Depavali (Hindi Religious Holiday) - [Will Declare before that day]Karen New Year Day - [Depend on the lunar calendar: around Christmas]
5 May - Battle of Puebla16 September - Día de Independencia (Mexican independence day)1 November–2 - Dia de Muertos (Day of the Dead)20 November - Día de la Revolución
Good Friday - Friday before Easter Sunday12 December - Our Lady of Guadalupe's day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day
1 January - New Year's Day - Nova godina6 January - Christmas Eve - Badnje večeVariable date - Easter - Vaskrs7 January - Christmas Day - Božić1 May - Labour Day - Međunarodni praznik rada21 May - Independence Day - Dan nezavisnosti13 July - Statehood Day - Dan državnosti
Main article: Public holidays in Myanmar
4 January - Independence Day12 February - Union Day2 March - Peasants' Day27 March -Armed Forces Day11–20 April - New Year Long Holidays1 May - World Labour DayMay^ (Full Moon of Kason) - Buddha's BirthdayJune^ (Full Moon of Waso) - Beginning of Buddhist Lent19 July - Martyr's DayOctober^ (Full Moon of Thadingyut) - End of Buddhist Lent
November^ - National Day (10th waning day of Tazaungmone)25 December - Christmas Day
^ Based on Burmese calendar
[edit] Namibia
April - Good FridayApril - Easter Monday
29 April - Ascension Day
25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Family Day
April/March - Good Friday. Friday before Easter. Predominantly observed by (semi)governmental organizations and banks.April/March - Easter. The Dutch celebrate two days of Easter (on Sunday and the subsequent Monday).30 April - Queen's Day. Birthday of Queen-Mother Juliana and accession to the throne of her oldest daughter and current monarch Beatrix.
40 days after Easter - Ascension Day7 weeks after Easter - Pentecost. The Dutch celebrate two days of Pentecost (on Sunday and the subsequent Monday).
6 February - Waitangi Day - The day the Treaty of Waitangi was signed. (Has also been known as New Zealand Day)Easter - Good Friday, Easter Sunday, Easter Monday, and in some cases Easter Tuesday
[edit] Nepal
1 January - New Year's Day
21 March - Independence Day
1 May - Workers' Day4 May - Cassinga Day
25 May - Africa Day26 August - Heroes' Day10 December - Human Rights Day
[edit] The Netherlands
1 January - New Year's Day
4 May - Remembrance of the Dead5 May - Liberation Day. Celebrated every year, but as of 2000, an official holiday once every 5 years.
5 December - Saint Nicholas' Eve. Unofficial but widely observed.25 December and 26 December - Christmas
See the complete list and descriptions of public holidays in the Netherlands.
[edit] New Zealand
1 January and 2 January - New Year's Day and the day following. (Mondayised)
25 April - ANZAC Day (also Australia)First Monday in June - Queen's BirthdayFourth Monday in October - Labour Day25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day (Mondayised)Provincial Anniversary Day. Date varies depending on locality. (most are Mondayised)
See Holidays in New Zealand.
24 February - Education Day
14 April - Nepali New Year
[edit] Pakistan
5 February Kashmir Day - National Solidarity Day (1990)23 March - Pakistan Islamic Republic Day (1956)
25 December - Birthday of Quaid-e-Azam (Jinnah Day) (1876) / Christmas
Muharram 9 - AshuraMuharram 10 - AshuraRabi' al-awwal 12 - Eid Milad-un-NabiShawwal 1 - Eid ul-FitrShawwal 2 - Eid ul-FitrShawwal 3 - Eid ul-FitrDhu al-Hijjah 10 - Eid ul-AdhaDhu al-Hijjah 11 - Eid ul-AdhaDhu al-Hijjah 12 - Eid ul-Adha
[edit] Panama
9 January - Martyr's Day (Dia de los Martires)Day Before Ash Wednesday - Mardi Gras
14 and 15 January - Makar Sankranti20 January - Saraswati Puja12 February - Maha Shivaratri
28 February and 1 March - Phagu Purnima
24 August - Raksha Bandhan25 August - Gaijatra1 September - Krishna Janmashtami11 September - Dar Khane Din4 to 7 November - Diwali
[edit] Norway
See Holidays in Norway.
Main article: List of holidays in Pakistan
Public Holidays given according to Gregorian Calendar
1 May - Labour Day14 August - Independence Day (1947)6 September - Defence Day (1965)9 November - Birthday of Sir Dr. Muhammad Iqbal (Iqbal Day) (1877)
Public Holidays given according to Hijri Calendar
1 January - New Year's Day
3 November - Separation (Colombia)4 November - Flag Day5 November - Colon10 November - Grito de Independencia28 November - Independence (Spain)
The date the Elected-President starts his/her term in office (Presidential Inauguration Day)
[edit] Peru
Easter - Good Friday, Easter Sunday
(Most holidays are subject to "Holiday Economics" program; the non-working holiday is moved to the nearest Monday before or after the actual day. Changes to declaration of holidays are subject to government discretion.)
Fixed Holidays
25 February - People Power Day - Commemorates the People Power Revolution of 1986
March or April - Good Friday1 May - Labor Day
8 December - Mother's Day25 December - Christmas Day
1 January - New Year
1 May - Labour Day29 June - Feast of Saints Peter and Paul28 July, 29 July - Independence Day30 August - Saint Rose of Lima8 October - Naval Battle of Angamos1 November - All Saints' Day8 December - Immaculate Conception24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day
[edit] Philippines
Main article: Public holidays in the Philippines
1 January - New Year's Day (Araw ng Bagong Taon)
9 April- Day of Valour / Bataan Day (Araw ng Kagitingan) - Commemorates the Bataan Death March1 May - Labor Day (Araw ng Manggagawa)12 June - Independence Day (Araw ng Kasarinlan) - Commemorates the Philippine Declaration of Independence27 July - Iglesia ni Cristo Day21 August - Ninoy Aquino Day (Araw ng Kabayanihan ni Ninoy Aquino) - Commemorates the martyrdom of Benigno Aquino, Jr.30 August - National Heroes' Day (Araw ng mga Bayani)1 November - All Saints' Day (Todos los Santos / Undas / Araw ng mga Namayapa) - Special Non-working public holiday; commemoration in conjunction with All Souls' Day30 November - Bonifacio Day (Kaarawan ni Bonifacio) - Regular public holiday; Commemorates the life of Andres Bonifacio25 December - Christmas Day (Araw ng Pasko)30 December - Rizal Day (Araw ng Kabayanihan ni Dr. Jose Rizal) - Commemorates the martyrdom of José Rizal in 189631 December - New Year's Eve (Bisperas ng Bagong Taon) - Special non-working holiday
"Drifting" Holidays (listed according to date as of 2008):
7 February (2008) Date varies, based on the Chinese calendar- Chinese New Year
Easter Monday
26 December - 2nd day of Christmas
10 June - National Day
1 December - Restoration of Independence
[edit] Puerto Rico
20 March (2008) - Maundy Thursday (Huwebes Santo)21 March (2008) - Good Friday (Biyernes Santo)22 March (2008) - Black Saturday(Sabado de Gloria)23 March (2008) - Easter Sunday (Linggo ng Pagkabuhay)1 October (2008) - Date varies, based on Islamic calendar - End of Ramadan (Eid ul-Fitr / Wakas ng Ramadan)
City Fiestas Cities and municipalities have City Fiestas in honor of the patron saint of the place and certain cities add the City Fiesta as one of their holidays in certain cities around the Philippines
[edit] Poland
See Public holidays in Poland for background information. (Note that there are also a number of days designated as national holidays, but which are not non-working days.)
1 January - New Year's DayEaster Sunday
1 May - Labour Day3 May - Constitution DayPentecost SundayCorpus Christi15 August - Assumption of Mary1 November - All Saints' Day11 November - Independence Day25 December - 1st day of Christmas
[edit] Portugal
See Holidays in Portugal for background information.
1 January - New Year's DayCarnival (Facultative)Good FridayEaster25 April - Carnation Revolution1 May - Labour DayCorpus Christi
15 August - Assumption of Mary5 October - Republic Day (Implantation of the Republic)1 November - All Saints' Day
8 December - Immaculate Conception25 December - Christmas DayAdditionally, all townships have their own local holiday, called "feriado municipal", where all public and private business are closed. For instance, 13 June is a municipal holiday in Lisbon. It's Saint Anthony of Lisbon day, protector of the city.
All the same national holidays of the U.S.A., plus:
Good Friday
22 March - (Abolition of Slavery in P.R.)
[edit] Romania
2 January - (Day after New Year's Day). Public holiday
20 April - (Orthodox Easter Monday). Public holiday
8 June - (Whitsuntide Day). Public holiday
29 July - (National Anthem Day)
1 December - (Union Day / National Day). Public holiday
[edit] Saudi Arabia
23 September - National Day (unification of the kingdoms Nejd and Hejaz 1932)Eid ul-Fitr - The end of Ramadan on the 1st of Shawwal.Eid Al-Adha - The 10th day of the month of Dhul Hijja.
[edit] Serbia
6 January - (Dia de Reyes, or Three Kings Day)Second Monday in January - Birth of Eugenio María de Hostos
Third Monday in April - Birth of Jose de Diego (poet, journalist, politician, and orator. Was co-founder of Unionist Party).
Third Monday in July - Birth of Luis Muñoz Rivera (political leader,author, journalist, organized the Federal Party and the Unionist Party of Puerto Rico. Was Resident Commissioner in Washington, where he fought to earn U.S. citizenship for Puerto Ricans).25 July - Estado Libre Asociado Constitution Day27 July - Birth of Jose Celso Barbosa (physician, senator, author, journalist, politician, founder of the pro-statehood Republican Party)19 November - Discovery Day - Commemorates the discovery of the island by Christopher Columbus on his second voyage to the New World
Main article: Holidays in Romania
1 January - (New Year's Day). Public holiday
8 March - (International Women's Day)19 April - (Orthodox Easter Day). Public holiday
1 May - (Labor Day / May Day). Public holiday1 June - (Children's Day)7 June - (Whit Sunday). Public holiday
26 June - (Flag Day)
15 August - (Assumption Day / The Day of the Virgin Mary). Public holiday
8 December - (Constitution Day)25 December - (Christmas Day). Public holiday26 December - (Day after Christmas Day / Boxing Day). Public holiday
[edit] Russia
Main article: Public holidays in Russia
January 1–2 - New Year's Day
13 January - Eastern Orthodox Church New Year's Eve-(working day, not public holiday)27 January - Saint Sava (non working for schools only)
28 June - Vidovdan (working day, not public holiday)
[edit] Singapore
Public Holidays
Twenty days after Dussehra - Deepavali. or Diwali means "Festival of lights" holiday.
Other Holidays
Note
If a holiday falls on a Sunday, the following workday will be a public holiday. If it falls on a Saturday, there will be no holiday-in-lieu. For companies that do not operate on Saturdays, usually the following workday (i.e. Monday) will be an off day. For companies that operate on Saturday, employees usually get off-in-lieu.
7 January - Christmas Day
15 February - National Day (Sretenje)Relative date - Good Friday. Friday before EasterRelative date - EasterRelative date - Easter Monday. Monday after Easter1 May-2 May - Labour Day
Slavas:
14 January - Sveti Vasilije (Saint Vasilis)20 January - Jovanjdan (Saint John)6 May - Djurdjevdan (Saint George)24 June - Saint Vartolomej and Varnava12 July - Petrovdan (Saint Peter)2 August - Sveti Ilija (Saint Elias)27 October - Sveta Petka8 November - Mitrovdan (Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki)21 November - Aranđelovdan (Saint Archangel Michael)19 December - Sveti Nikola (Saint Nicolas)
1 January - New Year's Day14–15 February - 1st 2 days of Chinese Lunar New Year - Chinese New YearFriday before Easter Sunday - Good Friday. The Crucifixion of Christ.1 May - Labour Day?4th month of the Chinese Lunar Calendar - Vesak Day. Celebrating Buddha's birthday.9 August - Singapore National Day. Singapore celebrating its independence.10th month of the Muslim calendar - Hari Raya Puasa : Muslim "Celebration of Fasting" Holiday.
10th day of 12th month of the Muslim calendar- Hari Raya Haji. Muslim "End of Pilgrimage" Holiday.24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day
1 September - Teacher's Day. Not a public holiday. (Usually a floating half-day for primary, secondary and Pre-U students)1 October - Children's Day. Not a public holiday. (Only applicable to primary, secondary and Pre-U students)
[edit] Slovakia
[edit] Slovenia
1–2 January - New Year8 February - Culture Day(variable) Easter and Easter Monday27 April - National Resistance Day1–2 May - International Labour Day25 June - National Day15 August - Assumption of the Blessed Virgin31 October - Reformation Day1 November - Remembrance Day25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Independence Day
[edit] Solomon Islands
The Friday - before Easter Sunday Good Friday
9 August - National Women's Day
26 December - Day of Goodwill
Main article: Public holidays in Slovakia
See Holidays in Slovenia.
Main article: Public holidays in the Solomon Islands
[edit] South Africa
Main article: Public holidays in South Africa
1 January - New Year's Day21 March - Human Rights Day Sharpeville massacre
The Monday - following Easter Sunday Family Day27 April - Freedom Day1 May - Workers' Day16 June - [Youth Day] Soweto uprising
24 September - Heritage Day16 December - Day of Reconciliation25 December - Christmas Day
[edit] South Korea
Main article: Public holidays in South Korea
[edit] Spain
[edit] Sri Lanka
15-Jan Tuesday *†#
22-Jan Tuesday *†#
4-Feb Monday *†#
20-Feb *†#
6-Mar Thursday *†
20-Mar Thursday *†
21-Mar Friday *†#
21-Mar Friday *†
Main article: Public holidays in Spain
Tamil Thai Pongal Day
Duruthu Full Moon Poya Day ( දුරු�තුපෝ��ය)
National Day
Wednesday
Navam Full Moon Poya Day ( නවම්පෝ��ය)
Maha Sivarathri Day
Milad-Un-Nabi (Holy Prophet’s Birthday)
Medin Full Moon Poya Day ( මැ�දින්පෝ��ය)
Good Friday
12-Apr Saturday *†#
13-Apr Sunday *†#
18-Apr Friday †
19-Apr Saturday *†#1-May Thursday May Day *†#
19-May Monday *†#
20-May Tuesday *†#
18-Jun *†#
Day prior to Sinhala and Tamil New Year Day ( �රුණඅවුරු�ද්ද)
Sinhala and Tamil New Year Day ( අලුත්අවුරු�ද්ද)
Additional Bank Holiday
Bak Full Moon Poya Day ( බක්පෝ��ය)
Wesak Full Moon Poya Day ( පෝවසක්පෝ��ය)
Day following Wesak Full Moon Poya Day
Wednesday
Poson Full Moon Poya Day (පෝ��පෝස�
න් පෝ��ය)
17-Jul Thursday *†#
16-Aug Saturday *†#
14-Sep Sunday *†#
1-Oct *†
14-Oct Tuesday *†#
27-Oct Monday *†
12-Nov *†#
9-Dec Tuesday *†
Esala Full Moon Poya Day ( ඇසලපෝ��ය)
Nikini Full Moon Poya Day ( නිකිනිපෝ��ය)
Binara Full Moon Poya Day ( බිනරුපෝ��ය)
Wednesday
Id-Ul-Fitr (Ramazan Festival Day)
Vap Full Moon Poya Day ( වප්පෝ��ය)
Deepavali Festival Day
Wednesday
Il Full Moon Poya Day ( ඉල්පෝ��ය)
Id-Ul-Allah (Hadji Festival Day)
12-Dec Friday *†#
24-Dec *†#
25-Dec Thursday *†#
Public Holiday † Bank Holiday # Mercantile Holiday
1 January - Independence Day
[edit] Syria
[edit] Taiwan
[edit] Tanzania
Unduvap Full Moon Poya Day ( උඳුවප්පෝ��ය)
Wednesday
Christmas Eve
Christmas Day
[edit] Sudan
[edit] Sweden
Main article: Holidays in Sweden
[edit] Switzerland
Main article: Public holidays in Switzerland
Main article: Public holidays in Syria
Further information: Holidays in Taiwan
1 January - New Year's Day Holiday3 January - Bank Holiday25 January - Chinese New Year's Eve24 January-1 February - Chinese New Year's Holidays are designated on Lunar Calendar New Year's Eve through the first to third day of the first month, cited dates indicating only year 200928 February - Peace Memorial Day5 April - Tomb Sweeping Day1 May - Labour Day28 May - Dragon Boat Festival, which is designated on fifth day of the fifth month of the Lunar Calendar, cited date indicating only year 20091 July - Bank Holiday3 October - Moon Festival, which is designated on 15th day of the eighth month of the Lunar Calendar, cited date indicating only year 200910 October - Double Tenth Day
7 April - Heroes Day (Zanzibar)
[edit] Thailand
1 January - New Year's Day
6 April - Chakri Memorial Day
1 May - National Labour Day5 May - Coronation Day
12 August - H.M. The Queen‘s Birthday
5 December - H.M. The King‘s Birthday10 December - Constitution Day31 December - New Year's Eve
[edit] Trinidad and Tobago
1 January - New Year's Day10 January - Eid El Haj12 January - Zanzibar Revolution Day
10 April - Maulid Day14 April - Good Friday17 April - Easter Monday26 April - Union Day1 May - Worker's Day7 July - Dar Es Salaam - International Trade Fair Day8 August - Farmer's Day25 October - Nyerere Day23 October - Eid El Fitr Celebration24 October - Eid El Fitr Celebration9 December - Independence Republic Day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day30 December - Eid El Haj
References to lunar months below are to the Thai lunar calendar
Chinese New Year (new moon day of third lunar month)Magha Puja Day (full moon day of third lunar month)
13–15 April - Songkran Festival
9May - Royal Ploughing CeremonyVisakha Puja Day see also Vesak (full moon day of sixth lunar month)Asalha Puja Day (full moon day of eighth lunar month)Buddhist Lent Day "Wan Kao Pansa" (day after full moon day of eighth lunar month)
End of Buddhist Lent Day "Wan Awk Pansa" (full moon day of eleventh lunar month)23 October - Chulalongkorn DayLoy Krathong (full moon day of twelfth lunar month)
see also Public holidays in Thailand
[edit] Turkey
[edit] Turkmenistan
1 January - New Year's Day12 January - Memorial Day19 February - State Flag of Turkmenistan Day8 March - International Woman's Day
First Sunday in April - "A Drop of Water—A Grain of Gold" FestivalLast Sunday in April - Turkmen Racing Horse Festival8 May - Day of Commemoration of the National Heroes of the 1941-1945 World War9 May - Victory Day (World War II)
Last Sunday in May - Turkmen Carpet FestivalThird Sunday in July - Galla Bayramy Festival
Second Saturday in September - Day of the Workers in the Oil, Gas, Power, and Geological IndustrySecond Sunday in September - Turkmen Bakhshi Day6 October - Day of Commemoration and National Mourning ("Earthquake Commemoration Day")October 27–28 - Independence DayFirst Sunday in November - Health DayLast Sunday in November - Harvest Festival, Good Neighborliness Day12 December - Day of Neutrality and Day of Student YouthFirst day of the lunar month of Bayram - Oraza Bayram
[edit] Vietnam
9 January- Vietnam student day3 February - Communist Party's establishment day
Giỗ Tổ Hùng Vương - Hùng Vương commemoriations, 10th day of the 3rd lunar month.
Main article: Public holidays in Trinidad and Tobago
Main article: Holidays in Turkey
Main article: Public holidays in Turkmenistan
March 20–21 - Nowruz Bayram, national spring holiday
May 18–19 - Day of Revival, Unity, and the Poetry of Makhtumkuli
Second Sunday in August - Turkmen Melon Day
Moving holiday (3 days) - Kurban Bayram
Source: Turkmenistan to the Heights of the Golden Age, Ashgabat, 2005, p. 44.
1 January - New Year's Day
Tết - Vietnamese New Year, for the last day of the previous year and 1st- 3rd day of the 1st lunar month .Now this becomes one of the most important holidays in Vietnam27 February-Vietnam Doctor's Day
30 April - Vietnam Liberation Day.1 May - International Labour Day.7 May-Dien Bien Phu victory Day
[edit] Uganda
1 May - Labour Day
[edit] Ukraine
7 January - Orthodox Christmas
1 May & 2 - Labour Days
Religious holidays are observed according to the Julian calendar, but the dates shown above are Gregorian.
When a public holiday falls on a day off (for example, Sunday), the following working day (often Monday) becomes a day off. For most Ukrainian employees, regular weekly days off are Saturday and Sunday.
If only one or only two working days are between a public holiday and another day off, then the Ukrainian Government may release a recommendation to avoid this gap by moving these working days onto a certain Saturday (that is to have uninterrupted vacations, but to compensate this by work on another day, which would be a day off otherwise). Such recommendations usually affect only those employees whose weekly days off are Saturday and Sunday.
[edit] United Kingdom and Crown dependencies
2 January - (Scotland Only)
19 May Ho Chi Minh President's birthday1 JuneInternational children day27 July invalids and martyrs day2 September - Independence Day.20 October -Vietnam Woman's Day20 November - Vietnam Teacher's Day.22 December -Vietnam Military Day
1 January - New Year's Day8 March - International Women's Day
9 June - Heroes' Day9 October - Independence Day24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day
1 January - New Year's Day
8 March - International Women's DayOrthodox EasterHoly Trinity Day (Triytsya) - Orthodox Pentecost
9 May - Victory Day28 June - Constitution Day24 August - Independence Day
See also: Public holidays in the United Kingdom
1 January - New Year's Day
17 March - St Patrick's Day Northern Ireland onlyGood FridayEaster Monday - (not Scotland)Early May Bank Holiday (first Monday in May)
9 May - Liberation Day (Jersey, Guernsey)
1st or 2nd Saturday in June - Queen's Official Birthday (not an official public holiday as it is already on a non-working day)5 July - Tynwald Day (Isle of Man)
In Scotland, the holidays listed above are official bank holidays and may not be public holidays. Public holidays are set by local authorities and therefore vary from place to place, although Christmas, Boxing Day, New Year's Day and 2 January and May Day are observed throughout the country. And in fact, banks in Scotland actually observe the English bank holidays, so Scottish bank holidays which differ from the English ones are of little practical importance. In Northern Ireland Easter Tuesday is treated as a public holiday in lieu of Good Friday.
A basic list of holidays as seen on a 2010 calendar:
15 February - Presidents Day (officially George Washington's Birthday; 3rd Monday of February, traditionally Feb. 22)
6 April - Last Day of Passover (Jewish; moveable, based on Jewish Calendar)19 April - Patriot's Day/Marathon Monday (New England and Wisconsin only)(3rd Monday of April)
Spring Bank Holiday (last Monday in May) - See Bank Holiday
12 July - Battle of the Boyne, otherwise known as "Orangeman's Day" and, more popularly, "The Twelfth". Northern Ireland onlyAugust Bank Holiday - Scotland (First Monday in August)August Bank Holiday - England and Wales (Last Monday in August)25 December - Christmas Day26 December - Boxing Day
[edit] 2012
As part of events intended to mark the Queen's Diamond Jubilee, the usual spring bank holiday on the last Monday of May is being moved to Monday 4th June and an extra bank holiday on Tuesday 5th June is being created. The government had agreed to grant an additional bank holiday to provide a focal point for the celebrations.
[edit] United States of America
See Public holidays in the United States for background information.
The United States federal government designates national holidays (see below) for federal employees only. State and local governments generally observe these holidays as well as many State Holidays.
1 January - New Year's Day18 January - Martin Luther King, Jr. Day (3rd Monday of January, traditionally Jan. 15)2 February - Groundhog Day12 February - Lincoln's Birthday14 February - Valentine's Day
16 February - Fat Tuesday (always the day before Lent starts)17 February - Ash Wednesday (Christian; movable; First day of the 40-day Lent Season - ending Palm Sunday)17 March - St. Patrick's Day (Originating in Ireland)20 March - Vernal Equinox (based on sun)28 March - Palm Sunday (Christian; Sunday before Easter)29 March - First day of Passover (Jewish; movable based on Jewish calendar)
30 March - National Doctors' Day (always on March 30) [2]
1 April - April Fools' Day2 April - Good Friday (Christian; Friday before Easter)4 April - Easter Sunday (Christian; movable; Sunday after first full moon during spring)5 April - Easter Monday (Christian; Monday after Easter)
22 April - Earth Day30 April - Arbor Day (last Friday of April)5 May - Cinco De Mayo (Mexican holiday often observed in US)6 May - National Day of Prayer (United States Congress, when people are asked "to turn to God in prayer and meditation".)9 May - Mother's Day (2nd Sunday of May)
10 September - Last day of Ramadan (Islamic, moveable based on Lunar calendar)11 September - Eid-al-Fitr/Day after the end of Ramadan (Islamic, moveable, based on lunar calendar)11 September - Patriot Day17 September - Constitution Day - Celebration of the ratification of the Constitution of the United States.
9 December - Last day of Hanukkah (Jewish; moveable, based on Jewish Calendar)
When a federal holiday falls on Sunday, most federal workers who work a Mon-Fri workweek will observe the holiday on Monday. When a federal holiday falls on Saturday, most federal workers who work a Mon-Fri workweek will observe the holiday on Friday. Workers who normally work on Saturday (such as mail carriers) will observe the holiday on Saturday; Friday will be a regular work day.
In state and local governments, and in the private sector, practices vary when a holiday falls on Saturday or Sunday. In general, most states and private sector workers will observe a holiday that falls on Sunday on Monday. However, that is not universal. Some states and private sector workers will observe a Saturday holiday on Friday, but that is less common than observing the Sunday holidays on Monday. Occasionally, a state or private sector worker will observe a Saturday holiday on Monday, but that is even less common than Friday. Many state workers and private sector workers (in particular, employees at a bank normally closed on Saturdays) do not get any day off when a holiday falls on Saturday, and are "cheated" out of the holiday. Occasionally, a floating holiday may be given in lieu of a Saturday holiday.
Fixed date
Jan. 1 - Yangi Yil Bayrami New Year Holiday
15 May - Armed Forces Day (3rd Saturday in May)23 May - Pentecost Sunday (Christian; 49 days after Easter)31 May - Memorial Day (last Monday of May, traditionally 30 May)14 June - Flag Day20 June - Father's Day (3rd Sunday of June)21 June - Summer Solstice (based on sun)4 July - Independence Day12 August - First day of Ramadan (Islamic, moveable based on Lunar calendar)6 September - Labor Day (first Monday of September)8 September - Rosh Hashanah (Jewish; moveable, based on Jewish calendar)
17 September - Yom Kippur (Jewish, moveable, 9 days after first day of Rosh Hashanah)22 September - First day of Sukkot (Jewish; moveable, 14 days after Rosh Hashanaah)23 September - Autumnal equinox (based on sun)29 September - Last Day of Sukkot (Jewish)30 September - Simchat Torah (Jewish; moveable, 22 days after Rosh Hashanah)9 October - Leif Erikson Day11 October - Columbus Day (2nd Monday of October, traditionally Oct. 12)31 October - Halloween1 November - All Saints Day (Christian)11 November - Veterans Day25 November - Thanksgiving (4th Thursday of November)26 November - Black Friday (Friday after Thanksgiving Day)1 December - First day of Hanukkah (Jewish; moveable, based on Jewish calendar)7 December - Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day
21 December - Winter Solstice (based on sun)24 December - Christmas Eve (Christian)25 December - Christmas Day (Christian)26 December - First day of Kwanzaa (Kwanzaa is celebrated until 1 January)31 December - New Year's Eve
The federal holidays (which are days off from work for federal employees) are New Years Day, Martin Luther King Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. The official list can be found here (http://www.opm.gov/Operating_Status_Schedules/fedhol/index.asp). These holidays are not necessarily days off from work for private sector workers. Most private sector businesses close for only the "Big 6" holidays: New Years Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. Many also close on the Friday after Thanksgiving (aka Black Friday), which is not an official holiday, but is commonly granted to private sector workers. Some private businesses may also close for one or more other federal holidays (most commonly either Martin Luther King Day, or Presidents Day).
[edit] Uzbekistan
Main article: Public holidays in Uzbekistan
Mar. 8 - Xalqaro Xotin-Qizlar Kuni International Women’s DayMar. 21 - Navro’z Bayrami Navroz (Persian New Year)9 May - Xotira va Qadirlash Kuni Memorial/Remembrance DaySept. 1 - Mustaqillik Kuni Independence DayOct. 1 - O’qituvchi va Murabbiylar Kuni Teacher’s DayDec. 8 - Konstitutsiya Kuni Constitution Day
Birthdays'
Variable date
End of Ramazon Ramazon Hayit Eid al-Fitr70 days later Qurbon Hayit Eid al-Adha
[edit] Uruguay
Second Sunday of May - Mother's Day (moved to the third Sunday of May every five years, due to local elections, as of 2010)
1 January - New Years Day12 March - Youth Day
1 May - Labour Day25 May Africa - Freedom Day1st Monday & Tuesday of July - Heroes' and Unity Day12 August - Farmers' Day24 October - Independence Day
1 January - New Year's Day6 January - Three Kings' Day14 February - Valentine's DayFebruary/March - CarnivalMarch/April - Tourism Week (variable - official name of the Holy Week)19 April - Landing of the Thirty-Three Orientals1 May - Labour Day
18 May - Battle of Las Piedras19 June - Birthday of José Gervasio Artigas - Grandparents' Day - Arbor Day - Day of the Never Anymore (holiday regarding the crimes against humanity committed by the Government during 1973 and 1984)Second Sunday of July - Father's Day18 July - Constitution DaySecond Sunday of August - Children's Day25 August - Independence Day12 October - Race Day (official name of the Discovering of Americas)2 November - Day of the Dead24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Family Day (official name for Christmas)
[edit] Zambia
variable date - Good Fridayvariable date - Easter Sundayvariable date - Easter Monday
24 December - Christmas Eve
25 December - Christmas Day
18 April - Independence Day
25 May - Africa Day11 August - Heroes' Day12 August - Armed Forces Day22 December - Unity Day
27 December - Clock Day
[edit] Zimbabwe
1 May - Workers' Day
24 December - Christmas Eve25 December - Christmas Day
Good Friday, Holy Saturday and Easter Monday - variable dates. For 2010 Friday 2 April and Monday 5th are public holidays.
Whit Sunday* - (Pfingsten) Pentecost Descent of the Holy Ghost upon the Apostles,fifty days after the Resurrection of Christ
8 December - Feast of the Immaculate Conception, retail stores are allowed to open for Christmas shopping
15 November - Dynasty Day & Day of German-speaking Community only held in areas of the German-speaking Community of Belgium - not a public holiday
Thursday before the first Monday in August (2 August 2007) - Emancipation Day (first Day of Cup Match)
21 July - National Holiday - commemorating the ascension to the throne of Belgium's first king Leopold I
2 November - All Souls Day - not a public holiday - Sander Stouthuysen birthday - public holiday, most companies are closed
Friday before the first Monday in August (3 August 2007) - Somer's Day (Second day of Cup Match)
11 November - Remembrance Day - limited to government agencies and banks in some provinces; public holiday in British Columbia, public holiday in Atlantic provinces if it falls on a week day.
22 May 2008, 11 June 2009, 3 June 2010; 23 June 2011, 7 June 2012, 30 May 2013, 19 June 2014, 4 June 2015, 26 May 2016, 15 June 2017, 31 May 2018, 20 June 2019, 11 June 2020, 3 June 2021, 16 June 2022
Lunar Calendar Month 1 Day 1 - Chinese Lunar New Year (Second New Moon following the Winter Solstice - Late January or February)
A more reliable, detailed, and up-to-date list of official non-working holidays, in Spanish, is to be found in Spanish-language Wikipedia Fiestas de Colombia.
5 August - Victory Day (Croatia) - Dan pobjede i domovinske zahvalnosti i Dan hrvatskih branitelja
In addition, the following holidays are reserved for observance by Copts, though are not national holidays:
)- Treaty that ended the Estonian War of Independence in 1920.) - National holiday, that celebrates the Declaration of Independence of 1918.
The European Union does not have official holiday days. These are under the control of member states. Europe Day, however, is recognised as the shared holiday celebrating the European Union. Europe Day is celebrated by some states on 9 May.
) - Date when the Flag of Estonia was first consecrated in 1884.) Commemorating the victims of Soviet deportations in 1941 and 1949.
) - Celebrates the victory in the Battle of Võnnu during the Estonian War of Independence.
) - Celebrates Estonia's restoration of independence in 1991.)- Otto Tief's attempt to restore the Estonian independence in 1944
) - Estonian Declaration of Sovereignty, which was issued in 1989.
In addition the local festivities are considered official holidays in the specific municipalities. Most holidays are patron saint's days.
Sixteenth day of the eighth moon in the Chinese lunar calendar - Day following Mid-Autumn Festival
The Union Government designates national holidays which are generally observed all over the country, although they are mandatory only for Union Government institutions. State governments generally specify additional holidays depending on their demographics. For example, Guru Nanak Jayanti is a holiday in the North Western states of Haryana and Punjab, and in Delhi, but it is not a holiday in other states and territories where there is no significant Sikh population.
15 August - Independence Day: Marks the day India achieved independence from the United Kingdom
India is a multicultural and multireligious society and celebrates holidays and festivals of various religions. In addition to national holidays, many states and regions have local festivals depending on religious and linguistic demographics.[1]
17 November - Eid al-Adha/Kurban Ait (Feast of the Sacrifice) (date changes according to the Muslim lunar calendar)
16 February - Independence Day, commemorating the recovery of national independence in 1918, commemorating the recovery of national independence in 1990
April/March - Good Friday. Friday before Easter. Predominantly observed by (semi)governmental organizations and banks.April/March - Easter. The Dutch celebrate two days of Easter (on Sunday and the subsequent Monday).30 April - Queen's Day. Birthday of Queen-Mother Juliana and accession to the throne of her oldest daughter and current monarch Beatrix.
7 weeks after Easter - Pentecost. The Dutch celebrate two days of Pentecost (on Sunday and the subsequent Monday).
6 February - Waitangi Day - The day the Treaty of Waitangi was signed. (Has also been known as New Zealand Day)
5 May - Liberation Day. Celebrated every year, but as of 2000, an official holiday once every 5 years.
(Most holidays are subject to "Holiday Economics" program; the non-working holiday is moved to the nearest Monday before or after the actual day. Changes to declaration of holidays are subject to government discretion.)
) - Commemorates the Bataan Death March
) - Commemorates the Philippine Declaration of Independence
) - Commemorates the martyrdom of Benigno Aquino, Jr.
) - Special Non-working public holiday; commemoration in conjunction with All Souls' Day) - Regular public holiday; Commemorates the life of Andres Bonifacio
) - Commemorates the martyrdom of José Rizal in 1896
Eid ul-Fitr / Wakas ng Ramadan)
Cities and municipalities have City Fiestas in honor of the patron saint of the place and certain cities add the City Fiesta as one of their holidays in certain cities around the Philippines
See Public holidays in Poland for background information. (Note that there are also a number of days designated as national holidays, but which are not non-working days.)
Additionally, all townships have their own local holiday, called "feriado municipal", where all public and private business are closed. For instance, 13 June is a municipal holiday in Lisbon. It's Saint Anthony of Lisbon day, protector of the city.
Third Monday in April - Birth of Jose de Diego (poet, journalist, politician, and orator. Was co-founder of Unionist Party).
Third Monday in July - Birth of Luis Muñoz Rivera (political leader,author, journalist, organized the Federal Party and the Unionist Party of Puerto Rico. Was Resident Commissioner in Washington, where he fought to earn U.S. citizenship for Puerto Ricans).
27 July - Birth of Jose Celso Barbosa (physician, senator, author, journalist, politician, founder of the pro-statehood Republican Party)19 November - Discovery Day - Commemorates the discovery of the island by Christopher Columbus on his second voyage to the New World
If a holiday falls on a Sunday, the following workday will be a public holiday. If it falls on a Saturday, there will be no holiday-in-lieu. For companies that do not operate on Saturdays, usually the following workday (i.e. Monday) will be an off day. For companies that operate on Saturday, employees usually get off-in-lieu.
10th day of 12th month of the Muslim calendar- Hari Raya Haji. Muslim "End of Pilgrimage" Holiday.
1 September - Teacher's Day. Not a public holiday. (Usually a floating half-day for primary, secondary and Pre-U students)1 October - Children's Day. Not a public holiday. (Only applicable to primary, secondary and Pre-U students)
24 January-1 February - Chinese New Year's Holidays are designated on Lunar Calendar New Year's Eve through the first to third day of the first month, cited dates indicating only year 2009
28 May - Dragon Boat Festival, which is designated on fifth day of the fifth month of the Lunar Calendar, cited date indicating only year 2009
3 October - Moon Festival, which is designated on 15th day of the eighth month of the Lunar Calendar, cited date indicating only year 2009
Second Saturday in September - Day of the Workers in the Oil, Gas, Power, and Geological Industry
6 October - Day of Commemoration and National Mourning ("Earthquake Commemoration Day")
Tết - Vietnamese New Year, for the last day of the previous year and 1st- 3rd day of the 1st lunar month .Now this becomes one of the most important holidays in Vietnam
Religious holidays are observed according to the Julian calendar, but the dates shown above are Gregorian.
When a public holiday falls on a day off (for example, Sunday), the following working day (often Monday) becomes a day off. For most Ukrainian employees, regular weekly days off are Saturday and Sunday.
If only one or only two working days are between a public holiday and another day off, then the Ukrainian Government may release a recommendation to avoid this gap by moving these working days onto a certain Saturday (that is to have uninterrupted vacations, but to compensate this by work on another day, which would be a day off otherwise). Such recommendations usually affect only those employees whose weekly days off are Saturday and Sunday.
1st or 2nd Saturday in June - Queen's Official Birthday (not an official public holiday as it is already on a non-working day)
In Scotland, the holidays listed above are official bank holidays and may not be public holidays. Public holidays are set by local authorities and therefore vary from place to place, although Christmas, Boxing Day, New Year's Day and 2 January and May Day are observed throughout the country. And in fact, banks in Scotland actually observe the English bank holidays, so Scottish bank holidays which differ from the English ones are of little practical importance. In Northern Ireland Easter Tuesday is treated as a public holiday in lieu of Good Friday.
15 February - Presidents Day (officially George Washington's Birthday; 3rd Monday of February, traditionally Feb. 22)
19 April - Patriot's Day/Marathon Monday (New England and Wisconsin only)(3rd Monday of April)
12 July - Battle of the Boyne, otherwise known as "Orangeman's Day" and, more popularly, "The Twelfth". Northern Ireland only
As part of events intended to mark the Queen's Diamond Jubilee, the usual spring bank holiday on the last Monday of May is being moved to Monday 4th June and an extra bank holiday on Tuesday 5th June is being created. The government had agreed to grant an additional bank holiday to provide a focal point for the celebrations.
The United States federal government designates national holidays (see below) for federal employees only. State and local governments generally observe these holidays as well as many State Holidays.
17 February - Ash Wednesday (Christian; movable; First day of the 40-day Lent Season - ending Palm Sunday)
6 May - National Day of Prayer (United States Congress, when people are asked "to turn to God in prayer and meditation".)
11 September - Eid-al-Fitr/Day after the end of Ramadan (Islamic, moveable, based on lunar calendar)
17 September - Constitution Day - Celebration of the ratification of the Constitution of the United States.
When a federal holiday falls on Sunday, most federal workers who work a Mon-Fri workweek will observe the holiday on Monday. When a federal holiday falls on Saturday, most federal workers who work a Mon-Fri workweek will observe the holiday on Friday. Workers who normally work on Saturday (such as mail carriers) will observe the holiday on Saturday; Friday will be a regular work day.
In state and local governments, and in the private sector, practices vary when a holiday falls on Saturday or Sunday. In general, most states and private sector workers will observe a holiday that falls on Sunday on Monday. However, that is not universal. Some states and private sector workers will observe a Saturday holiday on Friday, but that is less common than observing the Sunday holidays on Monday. Occasionally, a state or private sector worker will observe a Saturday holiday on Monday, but that is even less common than Friday. Many state workers and private sector workers (in particular, employees at a bank normally closed on Saturdays) do not get any day off when a holiday falls on Saturday, and are "cheated" out of the holiday. Occasionally, a floating holiday may be given in lieu of a Saturday holiday.
The federal holidays (which are days off from work for federal employees) are New Years Day, Martin Luther King Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. The official list can be found here (http://www.opm.gov/Operating_Status_Schedules/fedhol/index.asp). These holidays are not necessarily days off from work for private sector workers. Most private sector businesses close for only the "Big 6" holidays: New Years Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. Many also close on the Friday after Thanksgiving (aka Black Friday), which is not an official holiday, but is commonly granted to private sector workers. Some private businesses may also close for one or more other federal holidays (most commonly either Martin Luther King Day, or Presidents Day).
Second Sunday of May - Mother's Day (moved to the third Sunday of May every five years, due to local elections, as of 2010)
19 June - Birthday of José Gervasio Artigas - Grandparents' Day - Arbor Day - Day of the Never Anymore (holiday regarding the crimes against humanity committed by the Government during 1973 and 1984)
22 May 2008, 11 June 2009, 3 June 2010; 23 June 2011, 7 June 2012, 30 May 2013, 19 June 2014, 4 June 2015, 26 May 2016, 15 June 2017, 31 May 2018, 20 June 2019, 11 June 2020, 3 June 2021, 16 June 2022
The European Union does not have official holiday days. These are under the control of member states. Europe Day, however, is recognised as the shared holiday celebrating the European Union. Europe Day is celebrated by some states on 9 May.
The Union Government designates national holidays which are generally observed all over the country, although they are mandatory only for Union Government institutions. State governments generally specify additional holidays depending on their demographics. For example, Guru Nanak Jayanti is a holiday in the North Western states of Haryana and Punjab, and in Delhi, but it is not a holiday in other states and territories where there is no significant Sikh population.
India is a multicultural and multireligious society and celebrates holidays and festivals of various religions. In addition to national holidays, many states and regions have local festivals depending on religious and linguistic demographics.[1]
(Most holidays are subject to "Holiday Economics" program; the non-working holiday is moved to the nearest Monday before or after the actual day. Changes to declaration of holidays are subject to government discretion.)
in Lisbon. It's Saint Anthony of Lisbon day, protector of the city.
Third Monday in July - Birth of Luis Muñoz Rivera (political leader,author, journalist, organized the Federal Party and the Unionist Party of Puerto Rico. Was Resident Commissioner in Washington, where he fought to earn U.S. citizenship for Puerto Ricans).
If a holiday falls on a Sunday, the following workday will be a public holiday. If it falls on a Saturday, there will be no holiday-in-lieu. For companies that do not operate on Saturdays, usually the following workday (i.e. Monday) will be an off day. For companies that operate on Saturday, employees usually get off-in-lieu.
When a public holiday falls on a day off (for example, Sunday), the following working day (often Monday) becomes a day off. For most Ukrainian employees, regular weekly days off are Saturday and Sunday.
If only one or only two working days are between a public holiday and another day off, then the Ukrainian Government may release a recommendation to avoid this gap by moving these working days onto a certain Saturday (that is to have uninterrupted vacations, but to compensate this by work on another day, which would be a day off otherwise). Such recommendations usually affect only those employees whose weekly days off are Saturday and Sunday.
In Scotland, the holidays listed above are official bank holidays and may not be public holidays. Public holidays are set by local authorities and therefore vary from place to place, although Christmas, Boxing Day, New Year's Day and 2 January and May Day are observed throughout the country. And in fact, banks in Scotland actually observe the English bank holidays, so Scottish bank holidays which differ from the English ones are of little practical importance. In Northern Ireland Easter Tuesday is treated as a public holiday in lieu of Good Friday.
As part of events intended to mark the Queen's Diamond Jubilee, the usual spring bank holiday on the last Monday of May is being moved to Monday 4th June and an extra bank holiday on Tuesday 5th June is being created. The government had agreed to grant an additional bank holiday to provide a focal point for the celebrations.
The United States federal government designates national holidays (see below) for federal employees only. State and local governments generally observe these holidays as well as many State Holidays.
When a federal holiday falls on Sunday, most federal workers who work a Mon-Fri workweek will observe the holiday on Monday. When a federal holiday falls on Saturday, most federal workers who work a Mon-Fri workweek will observe the holiday on Friday. Workers who normally work on Saturday (such as mail carriers) will observe the holiday on Saturday; Friday will be a regular work day.
In state and local governments, and in the private sector, practices vary when a holiday falls on Saturday or Sunday. In general, most states and private sector workers will observe a holiday that falls on Sunday on Monday. However, that is not universal. Some states and private sector workers will observe a Saturday holiday on Friday, but that is less common than observing the Sunday holidays on Monday. Occasionally, a state or private sector worker will observe a Saturday holiday on Monday, but that is even less common than Friday. Many state workers and private sector workers (in particular, employees at a bank normally closed on Saturdays) do not get any day off when a holiday falls on Saturday, and are "cheated" out of the holiday. Occasionally, a floating holiday may be given in lieu of a Saturday holiday.
The federal holidays (which are days off from work for federal employees) are New Years Day, Martin Luther King Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. The official list can be found here (http://www.opm.gov/Operating_Status_Schedules/fedhol/index.asp). These holidays are not necessarily days off from work for private sector workers. Most private sector businesses close for only the "Big 6" holidays: New Years Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. Many also close on the Friday after Thanksgiving (aka Black Friday), which is not an official holiday, but is commonly granted to private sector workers. Some private businesses may also close for one or more other federal holidays (most commonly either Martin Luther King Day, or Presidents Day).
(holiday regarding the crimes against humanity committed by the Government during 1973 and 1984)
The Union Government designates national holidays which are generally observed all over the country, although they are mandatory only for Union Government institutions. State governments generally specify additional holidays depending on their demographics. For example, Guru Nanak Jayanti is a holiday in the North Western states of Haryana and Punjab, and in Delhi, but it is not a holiday in other states and territories where there is no significant Sikh population.
If a holiday falls on a Sunday, the following workday will be a public holiday. If it falls on a Saturday, there will be no holiday-in-lieu. For companies that do not operate on Saturdays, usually the following workday (i.e. Monday) will be an off day. For companies that operate on Saturday, employees usually get off-in-lieu.
If only one or only two working days are between a public holiday and another day off, then the Ukrainian Government may release a recommendation to avoid this gap by moving these working days onto a certain Saturday (that is to have uninterrupted vacations, but to compensate this by work on another day, which would be a day off otherwise). Such recommendations usually affect only those employees whose weekly days off are Saturday and Sunday.
In Scotland, the holidays listed above are official bank holidays and may not be public holidays. Public holidays are set by local authorities and therefore vary from place to place, although Christmas, Boxing Day, New Year's Day and 2 January and May Day are observed throughout the country. And in fact, banks in Scotland actually observe the English bank holidays, so Scottish bank holidays which differ from the English ones are of little practical importance. In Northern Ireland Easter Tuesday is treated as a public holiday in lieu of Good Friday.
As part of events intended to mark the Queen's Diamond Jubilee, the usual spring bank holiday on the last Monday of May is being moved to Monday 4th June and an extra bank holiday on Tuesday 5th June is being created. The government had agreed to grant an additional bank holiday to provide a focal point for the celebrations.
When a federal holiday falls on Sunday, most federal workers who work a Mon-Fri workweek will observe the holiday on Monday. When a federal holiday falls on Saturday, most federal workers who work a Mon-Fri workweek will observe the holiday on Friday. Workers who normally work on Saturday (such as mail carriers) will observe the holiday on Saturday; Friday will be a regular work day.
In state and local governments, and in the private sector, practices vary when a holiday falls on Saturday or Sunday. In general, most states and private sector workers will observe a holiday that falls on Sunday on Monday. However, that is not universal. Some states and private sector workers will observe a Saturday holiday on Friday, but that is less common than observing the Sunday holidays on Monday. Occasionally, a state or private sector worker will observe a Saturday holiday on Monday, but that is even less common than Friday. Many state workers and private sector workers (in particular, employees at a bank normally closed on Saturdays) do not get any day off when a holiday falls on Saturday, and are "cheated" out of the holiday. Occasionally, a floating holiday may be given in lieu of a Saturday holiday.
The federal holidays (which are days off from work for federal employees) are New Years Day, Martin Luther King Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. The official list can be found here (http://www.opm.gov/Operating_Status_Schedules/fedhol/index.asp). These holidays are not necessarily days off from work for private sector workers. Most private sector businesses close for only the "Big 6" holidays: New Years Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. Many also close on the Friday after Thanksgiving (aka Black Friday), which is not an official holiday, but is commonly granted to private sector workers. Some private businesses may also close for one or more other federal holidays (most commonly either Martin Luther King Day, or Presidents Day).
The Union Government designates national holidays which are generally observed all over the country, although they are mandatory only for Union Government institutions. State governments generally specify additional holidays depending on their demographics. For example, Guru Nanak Jayanti is a holiday in the North Western states of Haryana and Punjab, and in Delhi, but it is not a holiday in other states and territories where there is no significant Sikh population.
If only one or only two working days are between a public holiday and another day off, then the Ukrainian Government may release a recommendation to avoid this gap by moving these working days onto a certain Saturday (that is to have uninterrupted vacations, but to compensate this by work on another day, which would be a day off otherwise). Such recommendations usually affect only those employees whose weekly days off are Saturday and Sunday.
In Scotland, the holidays listed above are official bank holidays and may not be public holidays. Public holidays are set by local authorities and therefore vary from place to place, although Christmas, Boxing Day, New Year's Day and 2 January and May Day are observed throughout the country. And in fact, banks in Scotland actually observe the English bank holidays, so Scottish bank holidays which differ from the English ones are of little practical importance. In Northern Ireland Easter Tuesday is treated as a public holiday in lieu of Good Friday.
In state and local governments, and in the private sector, practices vary when a holiday falls on Saturday or Sunday. In general, most states and private sector workers will observe a holiday that falls on Sunday on Monday. However, that is not universal. Some states and private sector workers will observe a Saturday holiday on Friday, but that is less common than observing the Sunday holidays on Monday. Occasionally, a state or private sector worker will observe a Saturday holiday on Monday, but that is even less common than Friday. Many state workers and private sector workers (in particular, employees at a bank normally closed on Saturdays) do not get any day off when a holiday falls on Saturday, and are "cheated" out of the holiday. Occasionally, a floating holiday may be given in lieu of a Saturday holiday.
The federal holidays (which are days off from work for federal employees) are New Years Day, Martin Luther King Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. The official list can be found here (http://www.opm.gov/Operating_Status_Schedules/fedhol/index.asp). These holidays are not necessarily days off from work for private sector workers. Most private sector businesses close for only the "Big 6" holidays: New Years Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. Many also close on the Friday after Thanksgiving (aka Black Friday), which is not an official holiday, but is commonly granted to private sector workers. Some private businesses may also close for one or more other federal holidays (most commonly either Martin Luther King Day, or Presidents Day).
In Scotland, the holidays listed above are official bank holidays and may not be public holidays. Public holidays are set by local authorities and therefore vary from place to place, although Christmas, Boxing Day, New Year's Day and 2 January and May Day are observed throughout the country. And in fact, banks in Scotland actually observe the English bank holidays, so Scottish bank holidays which differ from the English ones are of little practical importance. In Northern Ireland Easter Tuesday is treated as a public holiday in lieu of Good Friday.
In state and local governments, and in the private sector, practices vary when a holiday falls on Saturday or Sunday. In general, most states and private sector workers will observe a holiday that falls on Sunday on Monday. However, that is not universal. Some states and private sector workers will observe a Saturday holiday on Friday, but that is less common than observing the Sunday holidays on Monday. Occasionally, a state or private sector worker will observe a Saturday holiday on Monday, but that is even less common than Friday. Many state workers and private sector workers (in particular, employees at a bank normally closed on Saturdays) do not get any day off when a holiday falls on Saturday, and are "cheated" out of the holiday. Occasionally, a floating holiday may be given in lieu of a Saturday holiday.
The federal holidays (which are days off from work for federal employees) are New Years Day, Martin Luther King Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. The official list can be found here (http://www.opm.gov/Operating_Status_Schedules/fedhol/index.asp). These holidays are not necessarily days off from work for private sector workers. Most private sector businesses close for only the "Big 6" holidays: New Years Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. Many also close on the Friday after Thanksgiving (aka Black Friday), which is not an official holiday, but is commonly granted to private sector workers. Some private businesses may also close for one or more other federal holidays (most commonly either Martin Luther King Day, or Presidents Day).
In state and local governments, and in the private sector, practices vary when a holiday falls on Saturday or Sunday. In general, most states and private sector workers will observe a holiday that falls on Sunday on Monday. However, that is not universal. Some states and private sector workers will observe a Saturday holiday on Friday, but that is less common than observing the Sunday holidays on Monday. Occasionally, a state or private sector worker will observe a Saturday holiday on Monday, but that is even less common than Friday. Many state workers and private sector workers (in particular, employees at a bank normally closed on Saturdays) do not get any day off when a holiday falls on Saturday, and are "cheated" out of the holiday. Occasionally, a floating holiday may be given in lieu of a Saturday holiday.
The federal holidays (which are days off from work for federal employees) are New Years Day, Martin Luther King Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. The official list can be found here (http://www.opm.gov/Operating_Status_Schedules/fedhol/index.asp). These holidays are not necessarily days off from work for private sector workers. Most private sector businesses close for only the "Big 6" holidays: New Years Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. Many also close on the Friday after Thanksgiving (aka Black Friday), which is not an official holiday, but is commonly granted to private sector workers. Some private businesses may also close for one or more other federal holidays (most commonly either Martin Luther King Day, or Presidents Day).
In state and local governments, and in the private sector, practices vary when a holiday falls on Saturday or Sunday. In general, most states and private sector workers will observe a holiday that falls on Sunday on Monday. However, that is not universal. Some states and private sector workers will observe a Saturday holiday on Friday, but that is less common than observing the Sunday holidays on Monday. Occasionally, a state or private sector worker will observe a Saturday holiday on Monday, but that is even less common than Friday. Many state workers and private sector workers (in particular, employees at a bank normally closed on Saturdays) do not get any day off when a holiday falls on Saturday, and are "cheated" out of the holiday. Occasionally, a floating holiday may be given in lieu of a Saturday holiday.
The federal holidays (which are days off from work for federal employees) are New Years Day, Martin Luther King Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. The official list can be found here (http://www.opm.gov/Operating_Status_Schedules/fedhol/index.asp). These holidays are not necessarily days off from work for private sector workers. Most private sector businesses close for only the "Big 6" holidays: New Years Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. Many also close on the Friday after Thanksgiving (aka Black Friday), which is not an official holiday, but is commonly granted to private sector workers. Some private businesses may also close for one or more other federal holidays (most commonly either Martin Luther King Day, or Presidents Day).
In state and local governments, and in the private sector, practices vary when a holiday falls on Saturday or Sunday. In general, most states and private sector workers will observe a holiday that falls on Sunday on Monday. However, that is not universal. Some states and private sector workers will observe a Saturday holiday on Friday, but that is less common than observing the Sunday holidays on Monday. Occasionally, a state or private sector worker will observe a Saturday holiday on Monday, but that is even less common than Friday. Many state workers and private sector workers (in particular, employees at a bank normally closed on Saturdays) do not get any day off when a holiday falls on Saturday, and are "cheated" out of the holiday. Occasionally, a floating holiday may be given in lieu of a Saturday holiday.
The federal holidays (which are days off from work for federal employees) are New Years Day, Martin Luther King Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. The official list can be found here (http://www.opm.gov/Operating_Status_Schedules/fedhol/index.asp). These holidays are not necessarily days off from work for private sector workers. Most private sector businesses close for only the "Big 6" holidays: New Years Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day. Many also close on the Friday after Thanksgiving (aka Black Friday), which is not an official holiday, but is commonly granted to private sector workers. Some private businesses may also close for one or more other federal holidays (most commonly either Martin Luther King Day, or Presidents Day).
1-Jan
Japanese New Year, 3
Act of Union Between Great Britain and Ireland Creates the United Kingdom, 4
Commonwealth of Australia Comes into Being, 5
Republic of China Is Founded, 6
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Takes Effect, 6
Unified Currency in Europe Is Adopted, 6
Cuban Liberation Day, 7
2-Jan
Berchtold’s Day, 7
Granada Falls: Spain Completes the Reconquista, 8
La Isabela Is Founded, 9
3-Jan
Cicero’s Birthday, 9
March of Dimes Is Founded, 10
United States Severs Diplomatic Relations with Cuba, 10
People’s Uprising (Burkina Faso), 11
START II Treaty Is Signed, 11
4-Jan
Isaac Newton’s Birthday, 12
Commemoration of the Martyrs of Independence (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 13
5-Jan
Birthday of Guru Gobind Singh (Sikh Holiday), 13
German Workers Party (Nazi Party) Is Formed, 14
6-Jan
Feast of the Epiphany (Three Kings Day), 15
Joan of Arc’s Birthday, 16
Paavo Nurmi ("The Flying Finn") Sets Two World Sprinting Records, 17
Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein Is Published, 4
7-Jan
Eastern Orthodox Christmas, 18
Galileo Discovers the Major Moons of Jupiter, 18
First Balloon Crossing of the English Channel, 19
Panama Canal Is Traversed, 19
8-Jan
African National Congress Is Founded, 19
Woodrow Wilson Presents His "Fourteen Points" to Congress, 20
Stephen Hawking’s Birthday, 20
9-Jan
Kumbh Mela Begins (India), 21
Philip Astley Invents the Modern Circus, 22
Feast of the Black Nazarene (Philippines), 23
Japanese Cars Arrive in the United States, 23
Volga Automobile Works Begins Construction in the Soviet Union, 24
Martyrs’ Day (Panama), 24
10-Jan
First Underground Railway Line Opens (London, England), 24
Discovery of Oil at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas, 26
League of Nations Is Established, 26
Cuban Troops Begin Withdrawal from Angola, 26
11-Jan
Julius Caesar Crosses the Rubicon, 27
Eugenio María de Hostos’s Birthday, 28
First Use of Insulin to Treat Diabetes, 29
Birth of Rosenkowitz Sextuplets, 29
12-Jan
Zanzibar Revolution Day (Tanzania), 29
European Nations Sign a Treaty Opposing Human Cloning, 30
13-Jan
James Oglethorpe Lands with British Colonists in America, 30
Émile Zola’s "J’accuse" Is Published, 31
First Live Public Radio Broadcast of an Opera, 32
14-Jan
Death of Dante, 33
Albert Schweitzer’s Birthday, 34
Tito Is Elected First President of Yugoslavia, 35
15-Jan
Adults’ Day (Japan), 36
British Museum Opens, 36
Nigeria-Biafra Civil War Ends, 36
John Chilembwe Day (Malawi), 37
Martin Luther King Jr. Day, 37
16-Jan
Ivan the Terrible Becomes First Czar of Russia, 38
First Black Government Is Installed in the Bahamas, 39
Persian Gulf War Begins, 40
17-Jan
Feast of St. Anthony of Egypt, 40
Papacy Is Restored to Rome, 41
First Ship to Cross the Antarctic Circle, 42
Liberation Day (Poland), 43
18-Jan
Soyuz 4 and Soyuz 5 Link Up, 39
Captain Cook Discovers Hawaii, 43
Scott Reaches the South Pole, 43
National Revolution Day (Tunisia), 44
19-Jan
Communist China Recognizes North Vietnam, 44
Indira Gandhi Becomes Prime Minister of India, 45
Israel Gives Control of West Bank to Palestinians, 45
20-Jan
ACLU Is Founded, 46
Iran Releases American Hostages, 47
21-Jan
Feast of St. Agnes, 48
Execution of King Louis XVI, 48
First Monte Carlo Motor Rally, 49
Errol Barrow Day (Barbados), 49
Our Lady of Altagracia (Dominican Republic), 49
22-Jan
Death of Shah Jahan, Builder of the Taj Mahal, 50
Zulu Forces Defeat the British at the Battle of Isandlwana in South Africa, 51
Bloody Sunday, Massacre in St. Petersburg, Russia, 52
World War II: Ledo Road Is Reopened, 52
23-Jan
Deadliest Earthquake on Record (Shaanxi Province, China), 52
Elizabeth Blackwell Becomes America’s First Female M.D., 53
Jerusalem Is Proclaimed the Capital of Modern Israel, 53
Deepest Underwater Dive in History, 53
24-Jan
Emperor Caligula Is Assassinated, 54
California Gold Rush Begins, 55
Chinese New Year, 55
25-Jan
Union of Utrecht Is Formed, 55
Robert Burns’s Birthday, 56
26-Jan
Feast of St. Dévote (Monaco), 58
Australia Day, 58
First Boy Scout Troop Is Founded, 60
Republic Day (India), 60
Riots Erupt in India After Hindi Becomes the Official Language, 61
Duarte’s Birthday (Dominican Republic), 61
27-Jan
Mozart’s Birthday, 62
First Public Demonstration of Television, 63
World War II: Liberation of Auschwitz, 64
Vietnam Peace Accord Is Signed, 64
28-Jan
London Street Becomes First to Receive Gas Lighting, 64
Franco-Prussian War: Paris Falls to German Forces, 65
Iceland Legalizes Abortion, 65
29-Jan
L’Académie Française Is Founded, 66
Karl Benz Patents First Gasoline-Powered Automobile, 67
30-Jan
Premiere of Rossini’s La Cenerentola, 57
Space Shuttle Challenger Explodes, 66
Charles I of England Is Executed, 67
Chushingura: Revenge of the 47 Samurai, 68
Tet Offensive, 69
Bloody Sunday (Northern Ireland), 69
31-Jan
Rescue of Alexander Selkirk, the Real-Life Robinson Crusoe, 70
Trans-Iranian Pipeline Is Completed, 70
Explorer 1 Is Launched, 71
1-Feb
Imbolic (Celtic), 73
Boris Yeltsin’s Birthday, 74
Egypt and Syria Announce Intent to Form a United Arab Republic, 75
2-Feb
Candlemas, 76
Buenos Aires Is Founded, 76
Talleyrand’s Birthday, 77
Idi Amin Takes Power (Uganda), 78
Groundhog Day, 78
3-Feb
Feast of Saint Blase, or The Blessing of Throats, 79
Setsubun, the Japanese Bean-Throwing Festival, 79
Mendelssohn’s Birthday, 79
Yasser Arafat Becomes Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), 80
4-Feb
Tadeusz Kosciuszko’s Birthday, 81
First Meeting of the Confederate States of America, 81
World War II: Yalta Conference Begins, 82
5-Feb
World War II: U.S. Forces Return to Manila, 84
6-Feb
Britain Enfranchises Women, 85
Bob Marley Day (Jamaica), 85
Snow Festival (Sapporo, Japan), 86
Waitangi Day (New Zealand), 86
7-Feb
First Volume of the Oxford English Dictionary Is Published, 74
Verdi’s Opera Otello Premieres, 83
Lantern Festival (China), 87
Charles Dickens’s Birthday, 87
Last Emperor of China Is Born, 88
The Beatles Arrive in America, 89
8-Feb
Mary, Queen of Scots, Is Executed, 89
Jules Verne’s Birthday, 90
Russo-Japanese War Begins, 91
9-Feb
Peace of Luneville Effectively Ends the Holy Roman Empire, 92
Festival du Voyageur (Western Canada), 93
10-Feb
Feast of St. Paul’s Shipwreck (Malta), 94
Bobby Fischer Becomes Youngest International Grand Master in Chess, 95
Gary Kasparov Is Defeated by IBM’s Deep Blue Computer, 95
11-Feb
National Foundation Day (Japan), 95
British Parliament First Convenes, 96
Miracle of the Grotto of Lourdes, 97
Nelson Mandela Is Released from Prison, 97
12-Feb
Holy Roman Emperor Kidnaps the Pope, 97
Hargraves Discovers Gold in New South Wales, 98
George Gershwin Debuts "Rhapsody in Blue", 98
13-Feb
Marquis de Sade Is Arrested, 99
Johann Strauss’s "Blue Danube" Premieres in Vienna, 99
Lumière Brothers Patent First Practical Movie Projector, 100
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn Is Deported from the Soviet Union and Stripped of Citizenship, 101
14-Feb
Valentine’s Day, 102
ENIAC Begins Working at the University of Pennsylvania, 102
Ayatollah Khomeini Orders the Execution of Author Salman Rushdie, 103
15-Feb
Lupercalia (Ancient Rome), 104
Canada Adopts Maple Leaf Flag, 104
Last Soviet Troops Leave Afghanistan, 105
16-Feb
Venice Carnival Starts, 106
Lithuanian Independence Day, 107
Fidel Castro Becomes Premier of Cuba, 107
17-Feb
Italian Philosopher Giordano Bruno Is Burnt at the Stake, 108
First Ship Passes Through the Suez Canal, 109
18-Feb
Ramakrishna’s Birthday, 111
Victor Emmanuel Is Proclaimed King of Italy, 111
Pluto Is Discovered, 113
19-Feb
Copernicus’s Birthday, 113
World War II: Japanese American Internment Is Ordered, 114
International Women’s Cricket Council Is Founded, 114
Flag Day in Turkmenistan, 115
20-Feb
Battleship Maine Explodes in Havana Harbor, 104
First Volume of Gibbon’s Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Is Published, 109
Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn Is Published, 112
Taeborum Festival Begins (Korea), 115
Metropolitan Museum of Art Opens in New York City, 116
First American Astronaut Orbits the Earth, 117
21-Feb
The Feralia (Ancient Rome), 118
First Romanov Czar of Russia Is Crowned, 118
First Steam Locomotive Is Tested, 118
Watson and Crick Discover the Structure of DNA, 119
Nixon Visits China, 120
International Mother Language Day, 120
22-Feb
Vikrama Samvat Era in Indian Calendar Begins, 120
Suharto Takes Full Power in Indonesia, 121
23-Feb
Handel’s Birthday, 122
Guyana Becomes a Republic, 123
First Cloned Mammal (Dolly) Is Announced, 123
24-Feb
First Rocket to Reach Outer Space Is Launched, 125
First Pulsar Star Is Discovered, 125
25-Feb
Renoir’s Birthday, 126
Ferdinand Marcos Leaves the Philippines, 127
Revolution Day (Suriname), 127
26-Feb
Victor Hugo’s Birthday, 128
Radar Is First Demonstrated, 130
First Element of the Soviet Mir Space Station Is Launched, 117
Ibsen’s Peer Gynt Premieres in Norway, 124
The Communist Manifesto Is Published, 129
27-Feb
Constantine the Great’s Birthday, 130
Mardi Gras, or Shrove Tuesday, 131
Egypt and Israel Establish Diplomatic Relations, 132
Persian Gulf War: Liberation of Kuwait, 133
28-Feb
Ash Wednesday, 134
Westminster Abbey Opens, 134
Methodist Church Is Established, 135
Feb-29
Leap Year, 135
Columbus Saves Himself and His Crew by Predicting Eclipse, 136
1-Mar
St. David’s Day, 139
Damascus Falls to the Mongols, 140
Chopin’s Birthday, 141
2-Mar
Victory of Adwa Day (Ethiopia), 142
Mikhail Gorbachev’s Birthday, 142
Vivian Fuchs Completes First Land Crossing of Antarctica, 143
3-Mar
Serfs Are Emancipated in Russia, 144
Liberation Day (Bulgaria), 146
Throne Day (Morocco), 147
4-Mar
Frederick Barbarossa Takes the Throne, 148
Casimir Pulaski’s Birthday, 149
World’s Biggest Diamond Rush Begins, 149
5-Mar
The Hajj, 149
Gerardus Mercator’s Birthday, 150
Boston Massacre, 150
Winston Churchill Gives His "Iron Curtain" Speech, 150
Water Is Discovered on the Moon, 150
6-Mar
Michelangelo’s Birthday, 151
Ghana Achieves Independence, 153
Fall of the Alamo, 154
Marguerite Yourcenar Becomes the First Woman Elected to the Académie Française, 154
7-Mar
Pioneer 10 Is Launched, 144
First Performance of Bizet’s Carmen, 145
Jenny Lind, "The Swedish Nightingale," Debuts in Opera, 154
Bangladesh Holds First General Election, 155
8-Mar
Mendel Completes Publication of His Research into Genetics, 156
International Women’s Day, 156
9-Mar
Purim (Feast of Lots), 157
Pope Gregory VII Excommunicates Married Priests, 158
Baron Bliss Day (Belize), 159
Yuri Gagarin’s Birthday, 160
10-Mar
United States Issues Its First Paper Money, 160
Batista Overthrows Cuban Government, 161
Dalai Lama Renews Call for Tibetan Independence, 162
11-Mar
Phagwah, Hindu Festival of Colors, 163
Worldwide Influenza Epidemic Begins, 163
World War II: Lend-Lease Begins, 164
Augusto Pinochet Steps Down (Chile), 164
12-Mar
Death of Anne Frank, 165
Girl Scouts Is Founded, 166
Truman Doctrine Is Announced, 166
Church of England Ordains Female Priests, 166
13-Mar
Birthday of Kuan Yin, Goddess of Mercy (Taiwan), 166
Joseph Priestley’s Birthday, 167
Uranus Is Discovered, 168
Czar Alexander II of Russia Is Assassinated, 168
14-Mar
Albert Einstein’s Birthday, 169
United States Adopts the Gold Standard, 171
Eli Whitney Patents the Cotton Gin, 171
15-Mar
Julius Caesar Is Assassinated, 172
Christopher Columbus Returns to Spain, 172
Finland Elects Its First Female Members of Parliament, 173
16-Mar
Nebuchadnezzar Takes Jerusalem: Babylonian Captivity Begins, 173
My Lai Massacre, 174
17-Mar
St. Patrick’s Day, 175
Golda Meir Becomes Prime Minister of Israel, 176
Whites Vote to End Apartheid in South Africa, 176
18-Mar
NATO Is Formed, 177
Aleksei Leonov Becomes the First Man to Walk in Space, 178
19-Mar
First Recorded Lunar Eclipse, 179
Feast of St. Joseph, 180
Swallows Return to Capistrano, 180
Canberra Day, 181
East Germany Adopts New Constitution (1949), 182
20-Mar
Gilbert and Sullivan’s The Mikado Premieres, 170
Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter Is Published, 174
Torrey Canyon Oil Tanker Spill, 179
No Ruz, Middle Eastern New Year, 182
Alessandro Volta Announces First Practical Battery, 183
Death of Hungarian Nationalist Lajos Kossuth, 183
Sarin Gas Attack in Tokyo, 184
Iraq War of 2003 Begins, 185
21-Mar
Vernal Equinox, 186
Archbishop Thomas Cranmer Is Burnt at the Stake, 187
Benito Juárez Day (Mexico), 188
Sharpeville Massacre, 189
Earth Day, 190
22-Mar
First Political Party Dedicated to the Working Class Is Founded, 190
Arab League Is Formed, 190
23-Mar
Patrick Henry’s Speech for Liberty, 191
Wernher von Braun’s Birthday, 191
World War I: Long-Range Cannons Begin Shelling Paris, 191
Asteroid Passes Dangerously Close to Earth, 191
Lee Teng-hui Becomes Taiwan’s First Democratically Elected President, 192
24-Mar
James I Unites the Crowns of England and Scotland, 192
Tuberculosis Bacteria Is Discovered, 193
Russian Inventor Demonstrates Wireless Telegraph Independently of Marconi, 194
25-Mar
Robert the Bruce Is Crowned King of Scotland, 194
Birthday of Catherine of Siena, 195
Great Britain Outlaws the Slave Trade, 196
Greek Independence Day, 197
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin Is Published, 183
26-Mar
Muslim New Year, 198
Paris Commune Is Formed, 198
Prince Kuhio Day (Hawaii), 199
Syngman Rhee’s Birthday, 199
World’s First Game Reserve Is Designated, 200
Jonas Salk Announces Polio Vaccine, 201
27-Mar
First Mormon Temple Is Dedicated, 201
Abraham Gesner Patents Kerosene, 201
Mstislav Rostropovich’s Birthday, 202
28-Mar
Heinrich Olbers Discovers the Asteroid Pallas, 203
Maksim Gorky’s Birthday, 203
Turkish Modernization: Constantinople Becomes Istanbul and Angora Becomes Ankara, 204
29-Mar
Swedish Colonists Land in Delaware, 206
First Tatra Vehicle Is Produced, 206
First Soviet Hockey Player Is Admitted to the NHL, 206
Vienna Boys’ Choir Celebrates Its 500th Anniversary, 207
30-Mar
Goya’s Birthday, 207
Vincent van Gogh’s Birthday, 208
Russia Sells Alaska to the United States, 209
31-Mar
Treaty of Kanagawa Opens Japan to Trade, 209
Eiffel Tower Opens, 209
Newfoundland Becomes Canada’s 10th Province, 210
Lucerne Easter Festival, 211
1-Apr
April Fools’ Day, 213
Royal Air Force Is Formed, 213
Iran Becomes an Islamic Republic, 214
2-Apr
Charlemagne’s Birthday, 215
Beethoven’s First Symphony Premieres, 216
Anglo-Argentine War over the Falkland Islands Begins, 216
Hans Christian Andersen’s Birthday, 217
3-Apr
XYZ Affair, 218
Emmeline Pankhurst Is Convicted of Inciting Supporters to Commit Arson, 218
Joseph Stalin Becomes General Secretary of the Communist Party, 219
Truman Signs the Marshall Plan, 220
4-Apr
Megalesia (Ancient Rome), 221
Martyrdom of Husayn: Shi’ite Holiday of Ashura, 221
Yukon Gold Rush Begins, 222
Assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., 222
5-Apr
Ching Ming, 222
Alexander Nevsky Defeats the Teutonic Knights, 223
Thomas Hobbes’s Birthday, 223
6-Apr
Petrarch Meets Laura, 225
Chakri Day (Thailand), 225
Mormon Church Is Formally Organized, 226
First Modern Olympic Games Open in Greece, 226
North Pole Is Discovered, 227
7-Apr
Passover (Pesach), 227
Charles University Is Founded in Prague, 228
France Adopts the Metric System, 229
Death of Toussaint Louverture, 230
World Health Organization Is Established, 230
National Mourning Day (Rwanda), 231
8-Apr
Buddha’s Birthday, 232
Palm Sunday, 233
Ponce de Leon Claims Florida for Spain, 234
9-Apr
LaSalle Claims the Louisiana Territory for France, 234
Anniversary of the Loss of Jenkins’s Ear, 234
Lee Surrenders at Appomattox, 235
The Beatles Break Up, 235
10-Apr
Salvation Army Founder’s Day, 235
World War II: Bataan Death March, 235
Good Friday Accord (Northern Ireland), 236
11-Apr
Battle of Rivas (Costa Rica), 237
Adolf Eichmann’s Trial Begins, 238
Birth of "Baby Zoe" Is Announced, 239
12-Apr
Holy Thursday, 239
Ordinance of Union Attempts to Unify England and Scotland, 241
American Civil War Begins, 241
Petronas Towers Becomes World’s Tallest Building, 243
13-Apr
Boun Pimai (Laos), 243
Thingyan (Myanmar), 244
Good Friday, 244
Monastic Inquisition Begins, 246
Edict of Nantes, 246
Baisakhi, 247
British Parliament Grants Freedom of Religion to Catholics, 248
14-Apr
Wales Becomes Part of England, 249
Word "Telescope" Is Coined, 249
Noah Webster Copyrights His Dictionary, 250
Pan-American Union Is Founded, 250
15-Apr
Easter, 250
Leonardo Da Vinci’s Birthday, 251
Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary Is Published, 252
First Impressionist Exhibition, 253
16-Apr
José de Diego’s Birthday (Puerto Rico), 255
Term Cubism Is First Used, 255
Harriet Quimby Becomes the First Woman to Fly Across the English Channel, 255
17-Apr
Giovanni Verrazano Discovers New York Harbor, 256
Death of Shogun Ieyasu Tokugawa, 257
Nikita Khrushchev’s Birthday, 257
Bay of Pigs Invasion Fails, 259
18-Apr
Paul Revere’s Midnight Ride, 259
Bandung Conference Opens, 260
Canada’s Constitution Act Is Signed, 261
Sinking of the Titanic, 254
19-Apr
Sumardagurinn Fyrsti (Iceland), 261
American Revolution Begins, 261
Lord Byron Dies, 262
20-Apr
Poe’s "Murders in the Rue Morgue" Is Published, 263
The Hague Peace Palace Is Established, 263
First Public Demonstration of the Electron Microscope, 263
Yom Hashoah, 264
First Transcontinental Videophone Call, 264
21-Apr
Parilia / Founding of Rome, 265
Tiradentes Day (Brazil), 266
Festival of Ridván Begins (Bahá’í Festival), 266
Spanish-American War Begins, 267
The Red Baron Is Shot Down, 267
22-Apr
Pedro Álvares Cabral Claims Brazil for Portugal, 267
Lenin’s Birthday, 268
First Solo Trip to the North Pole, 269
23-Apr
St. George’s Day, 270
Royal Order of the Garter Is Founded, 270
William Shakespeare’s Birthday, 271
Atlantic Steamship Travel Begins, 271
HIV Identified as Cause of AIDS, 271
Top Quark Is Discovered, 272
24-Apr
Armenian Martyrs’ Day, 273
Easter Rising Begins in Ireland, 274
Hubble Space Telescope Is Deployed, 275
25-Apr
Feast of St. Mark, 275
First Execution by Guillotine, 276
Guglielmo Marconi’s Birthday, 276
ANZAC Day, 277
26-Apr
Nazis Attack Spanish Town of Guernica, 278
Union Day (Tanzania), 279
Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, 279
27-Apr
Death of Magellan, 280
Student Protesters Occupy Beijing’s Tiananmen Square, 281
Hong Kong Opens the Lantau Link, 282
28-Apr
Floralia (Ancient Rome), 282
Benito Mussolini Is Executed, 284
National Day of Mourning (Canada), 285
29-Apr
Cheng Cheng Kung Landing Day, 286
First African American College Is Chartered, 286
30-Apr
Walpurgis Night, or Spring Festival, 287
Brightest Supernova in Recorded History Appears, 287
Organization of American States Is Formed, 288
Vietnam War: Fall of Saigon, 289
Mutiny on the HMS Bounty, 283
Thor Heyerdahl’s Kon-Tiki Sets Sail, 285
1-May
May Day, 291
Festival of St. Efisio (Sardinia), 293
England and Scotland Are United into Great Britain, 293
Great Exhibition of 1851 Opens, 294
2-May
King James Version of Bible Is Published, 295
Hudson’s Bay Company Is Formed, 295
3-May
Machiavelli’s Birthday, 296
Polish Constitution of 1791 Is Passed, 297
Constitution Memorial Day (Japan), 298
4-May
Bourbon Dynasty Is Restored to Power (France), 299
World War II: Last Major German Contingents Surrender, 300
Margaret Thatcher Becomes First Female Prime Minister of Great Britain, 300
Cassinga Day (Namibia), 301
5-May
Cinco de Mayo (Mexico), 301
Carnegie Hall Opens, 302
Children’s Day (Japan), 304
Bobby Sands Dies in a Hunger Strike, 304
6-May
Rome Is Sacked, 305
St. George’s Day (Bulgaria), 305
Sigmund Freud’s Birthday, 306
Universal Exposition of 1889 Opens, 307
"Chunnel" Opens, 307
7-May
Hindenburg Disaster, 307
First Theatre Royal Opens in London, 308
Johannes Brahms’s Birthday, 308
8-May
Hernando de Soto Discovers the Mississippi River, 310
National Liberation Day (Czech Republic), 311
Execution of Lavoisier, 312
Eruption of Mount Pelée, 312
Victory in Europe (V-E) Day, 313
9-May
Lemuria (Ancient Rome), 313
Victor Emmanuel III of Italy Abdicates, 313
Schuman Presents a Plan for European Economic Integration, 314
Mother’s Day Becomes a Public Holiday, 314
Victory Day (Russia), 315
10-May
First Transcontinental Railroad Is Completed, 315
First Locomotive to Reach 112.5 mph, 315
Halley’s Comet Makes Its Closest Recorded Passage by the Earth, 316
Winston Churchill Becomes Prime Minister, 317
11-May
Feast of the Ice Saints, 318
Death of Matteo Ricci, 319
Salvador Dalí’s Birthday, 319
Siam Changes Its Name to Thailand, 320
12-May
Soviets End Berlin Blockade, 321
National Windmill Day (the Netherlands), 322
13-May
World War I: Sinking of the Lusitania, 309
Edvard Munch’s The Scream Is Recovered, 310
Mexican-American War Begins, 322
Brazil Abolishes Slavery, 322
Appearance of Our Lady of Fátima (Portugal), 323
Pope John Paul II Is Shot, 323
14-May
First Smallpox Vaccination, 324
Israel Is Founded, 325
Kamuzu Day (Malawi), 326
15-May
San Isidro Day (Spain), 327
Johannes Kepler Discovers Third Law of Planetary Motion, 327
First Machine Gun Is Patented, 328
World’s First Airmail Service Begins, 328
Warsaw Jewish Ghetto Is Destroyed, 328
16-May
James Boswell Meets Samuel Johnson, 329
China’s Cultural Revolution Begins, 329
First Woman Climbs Mount Everest, 330
17-May
Norwegian Constitution Day, 331
U.S. Supreme Court Orders School Desegregation, 332
The Shining Path Turns to Violence, 332
18-May
Nicholas II’s Birthday, 333
First Hague Peace Conference Begins, 334
First Woman to Fly Faster Than Speed of Sound, 334
United Nations Agreement on Military Use of the Weather Is Signed, 334
19-May
Skylab Is Launched, 326
Mascagni’s Cavalleria Rusticana Premieres, 331
Execution of Anne Boleyn, 335
New England Confederation Is Formed, 336
Simplon Tunnel Opens, 336
Ataturk’s Commemoration Day, 337
20-May
Council of Nicaea Begins, 337
Antioch Earthquake of a.d. 526, 338
Honoré de Balzac’s Birthday, 338
21-May
Plato’s Birthday, 339
Battle of Iquique (Chile), 340
American Red Cross Is Founded, 341
Lindbergh Lands in Paris, 341
Victoria Day (Canada), 341
22-May
Wars of the Roses Begin, 341
Wagner’s Birthday, 343
World War II: Pact of Steel Is Signed, 344
Sovereignty and Thanksgiving Day (Haiti), 344
23-May
Girolamo Savonarola Is Executed, 345
Captain Kidd Is Hanged, 345
Royal Canadian Mounted Police Is Founded, 345
West Germany Is Established, 346
24-May
Ascension Day, 347
Queen Victoria’s Birthday, 348
Concorde Makes Its First Commercial Flight, 349
25-May
Death of St. Bede, 350
Henry the Navigator Leads Order of Christ, 351
Oscar Wilde Is Imprisoned for Sodomy, 351
First Female European Matador, 352
Organization of African Unity Day, 352
26-May
Alexander Pushkin’s Birthday, 352
First Le Mans Motor Race, 353
27-May
Habeas Corpus Act of 1679, 354
St. Petersburg Is Founded, 354
Feast of St. Augustine of Canterbury, 355
28-May
Shavuot (Jewish Feast of Weeks), 356
Battle Is Stopped by Solar Eclipse, 357
Louis Agassiz’s Birthday, 357
Amnesty International Is Founded, 357
Memorial Day, 358
29-May
Fall of Constantinople, 358
Charles II’s Birthday, 359
Ascension of Bahá’u’lláh (Bahá’í Holy Day), 360
Hillary and Norgay Reach Summit of Mount Everest, 360
30-May
Death of Arjun, Sikh Martyr, 360
Peter the Great’s Birthday, 361
31-May
Lady Godiva’s Ride, 362
Big Ben’s First Chimes, 363
World War II: Sinking of the Bismarck, 355
Ford Signs Automobile Contract with Soviet Union, 363
Independence Day in Zimbabwe, 364
1-Jun
Brigham Young’s Birthday, 367
De Gaulle Becomes President of France, 369
United States and Soviet Union Sign Chemical Weapons Pact, 369
2-Jun
Thomas Hardy’s Birthday, 370
American Indians Are Granted U.S. Citizenship, 371
Elizabeth II’s Coronation, 372
3-Jun
Pentecost, 372
Dutch West India Company Is Chartered, 373
Edward VIII Marries Wallis Simpson, 373
4-Jun
First Pulitzer Prize Is Awarded, 374
World War II: Churchill Addresses the British After Dunkirk, 374
Juan Perón Is Inaugurated President of Argentina, 374
5-Jun
Lee Kuan Yew Becomes First Prime Minister of Singapore, 375
Six-Day War Begins, 376
Senator Robert F. Kennedy Is Assassinated, 376
Solidarity Wins Polish Election, 377
World Environment Day, 377
Toronto Skydome Opens, 377
6-Jun
YMCA Is Founded, 378
World War II: D-Day Invasion Begins, 378
Railroad Accident in India Kills 800, 380
Swedish National Day, 381
7-Jun
George Orwell’s 1984 Is Published, 380
Vestalia (Ancient Rome), 381
Treaty of Tordesillas Is Signed, 381
Paul Gauguin’s Birthday, 382
Norway Separates from Sweden, 383
Vatican City Becomes a Sovereign State, 383
First Retail VCR Is Introduced, 385
8-Jun
Attila the Hun Invades Italy, 385
Death of Muhammad, 385
German Confederation Is Formed, 387
9-Jun
Europeans Discover the St. Lawrence River, 387
Hong Kong Is Leased to Britain, 389
First Autogiro Flight, 389
First Transpacific Flight, 390
10-Jun
First Public Zoo Opens, 390
First Use of S.O.S. Distress Signal, 390
Great Arab Revolt Begins, 390
Camões Day (Portugal and Macau), 391
11-Jun
Mount Pinatubo Erupts, 392
Last Russian Troops Leave Berlin, 392
King Kamehameha Day (Hawaii), 393
12-Jun
First Blood Transfusion, 393
Swiss Army Knife Is Patented, 394
Helsinki Day (Finland), 394
Philippine Independence Day, 395
Book of Common Prayer Is Adopted by the Church of England, 388
13-Jun
Feast of St. Anthony of Padua, 395
Peasants’ Revolt, 396
First Women’s Golf Tournament, 396
World War II: Germans Begin V-1 Rocket Attacks, 397
14-Jun
Flag Day (United States), 397
Canadian Parliament Opens, 398
First Non-Stop Transatlantic Flight, 398
First Commercial Computer, 399
15-Jun
Edict of Milan Is Issued, 399
Magna Carta Is Signed, 400
Oregon Treaty Is Ratified, 402
16-Jun
Birthday of Edward, Prince of Wales ("The Black Prince"), 402
Queen Christina of Sweden Abdicates, 403
Bloomsday Festival (Ireland), 403
First Woman in Space, 404
17-Jun
France Gives the Statue of Liberty to the United States (1885), 404
Iceland Becomes a Republic, 405
Father’s Day, 406
18-Jun
War of 1812 Begins, 406
Battle of Waterloo, 406
Evacuation Day (Egypt), 408
19-Jun
Eratosthenes Measures Earth’s Circumference, 409
Birthday of Artigas (Uruguay), 409
Execution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, 410
20-Jun
Black Hole of Calcutta, 410
Tennis Court Oath, 411
21-Jun
Summer Solstice (Northern Hemisphere) / Winter Solstice (Southern Hemisphere), 412
France Is Defeated in Peninsular War, 412
Cyrus McCormick Patents First Practical Reaper, 413
22-Jun
Council of Ephesus Opens, 413
Galileo Is Sentenced for Heresy, 414
Giacomo Puccini’s Birthday, 414
Joe Louis Beats Max Schmeling, 416
World War II: Hitler Invades Russia, 416
23-Jun
Adolphe Sax Patents the Saxophone, 416
Antarctic Treaty, 417
Fermat’s Last Theorem Is Proved, 417
24-Jun
Midsummer Day / Feast of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist, 418
Battle of Bannockburn, 419
Discovery of Newfoundland, 420
Napoléon Invades Russia, 420
Picasso’s First Public Exhibition, 420
Berlin Airlift, 421
Eamon de Valera Resigns (Ireland), 421
25-Jun
Dragon Boat Festival (China), 421
The Savannah Crosses the Atlantic, 411
Tano Day (Korea), 422
Korean War Begins, 423
26-Jun
World War I: First American Troops Land in France, 423
United Nations Charter Is Signed, 423
President Kennedy Speaks in West Berlin, 425
CN Tower Opens in Toronto, 425
First Mapping of Human Genome Is Announced, 425
27-Jun
Joshua Slocum Completes First Circumnavigation of the World, 426
United Nations Authorizes Allied Intervention in the Korean War, 427
First Nuclear Power Plant Opens, 427
28-Jun
Battle of Kosovo, 427
World War I: Archduke Francis Ferdinand Is Assassinated, 428
World War I: Treaty of Versailles Is Signed, 430
Stonewall Riots Begin, 430
29-Jun
Feast of Sts. Peter and Paul, 430
Botanical Garden of Padua Is Founded, 431
Peter Paul Rubens’s Birthday, 431
30-Jun
Death of Montezuma, 432
Toscanini Makes His Conducting Debut, 434
London’s Tower Bridge Opens, 434
Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity Is Published, 434
Giant Meteor Strikes Siberia, 435
Lutheran Book of Concord Is Issued, 423
Potemkin Mutiny, 426
Giselle Premieres in Paris, 428
Space Shuttle–Mir Space Station Docking, 432
1-Jul
Canada Day, 437
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty of 1968 Is Signed, 438
China Regains Hong Kong, 438
White Nights Celebrations Conclude (St. Petersburg, Russia), 440
2-Jul
First Zeppelin Airship Flies, 440
FDR Proposes a "New Deal" at 1932 Democratic National Convention, 440
Amelia Earhart Disappears over the Pacific Ocean, 441
UFO Allegedly Crashes Near Roswell, New Mexico, 442
North and South Vietnam Are Reunited, 442
3-Jul
Feast of St. Thomas the Apostle (Roman Catholic Observance), 443
Quebec Is Founded, 443
France Recognizes Algerian Independence, 444
Unity Day (Zambia), 445
4-Jul
Independence Day (United States), 446
Israel’s Raid on Entebbe, 447
5-Jul
The Poplifugia (Ancient Rome), 448
Venezuela Declares Independence, 449
Feast of Sts. Cyril and Methodius, 449
First Bikini Is Introduced, 450
Arthur Ashe Wins at Wimbledon, 450
6-Jul
Sir Thomas More Is Executed, 451
First Use of Pasteur’s Antirabies Vaccine, 452
Crowning of Mindaugas (Lithuania), 453
Jan Hus (Czech Republic), 453
Alice in Wonderland Is Published, 446
Pathfinder Lands on Mars, 448
7-Jul
Running of the Bulls in Pamplona, 454
Second Sino-Japanese War Begins, 454
First Working Laser Is Demonstrated, 455
8-Jul
Fast of 17th Tammuz, 455
Marriage of Ada Lovelace, Computer Pioneer, 455
Commodore Perry Enters Tokyo Bay, 456
Colonel Castillo Armas Seizes Power in Guatemala, 457
9-Jul
League of Augsburg Is Formed, 458
Argentine Independence Day, 458
First Wimbledon Tennis Championship, 459
10-Jul
Death of El Cid, 459
11-Jul
Battle of the Golden Spurs, 461
National Nadaam Festival / Revolution Day in Mongolia, 462
World Population Day (International), 462
12-Jul
Battle of the Boyne, 463
Germany Allows Extraterritorial Use of Military, 464
13-Jul
Northwest Ordinance, 464
Death of Jean-Paul Marat, 464
Telstar Is Launched, 460
Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior, 461
First Men’s World Cup Competition, 465
World War II: Battle of Kursk, 466
Live Aid Concerts, 466
14-Jul
Bastille Day, 467
Edward Whymper Climbs the Matterhorn, 467
Alfred Nobel Demonstrates Dynamite, 468
Tanzam Railway Completed, 468
15-Jul
Feast of St. Swithin, 469
Margarine Is Patented, 469
Apollo-Soyuz Test Project Is Launched, 470
16-Jul
Start of the Islamic Calendar, 470
Giuseppe Piazzi’s Birthday, 470
Reinforced Concrete Patented, 471
17-Jul
Adams-Onis Treaty: Spain Cedes Florida, 472
British Royal Family Changes Its Name to Windsor, 472
Luis Muñoz Rivera’s Birthday (Puerto Rico), 473
18-Jul
Great Fire of Rome, 473
Spanish Civil War Begins, 475
First All-African Games Open, 475
Romanian Gymnast Nadia Comaneci Earns the First of Seven Perfect Scores, 476
19-Jul
Bloomers Are Introduced, 476
Paris Metro Opens, 477
1980 Moscow Olympics Open Despite a Multination Boycott, 477
Mariner IV Transmits First Closeup Pictures of Mars, 470
20-Jul
Vietnam Armistice of 1954 Is Signed, 477
First Manned Landing on the Moon, 478
21-Jul
Trans-Siberian Railroad Is Completed, 480
Sirimavo Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka Becomes the World’s First Female Prime Minister, 480
Aswan High Dam Is Completed, 481
22-Jul
Feast of St. Mary Magdalene, 482
Pied Piper of Hamelin Drives Rats from Town, 482
First Solo Flight Around the World, 483
23-Jul
Pan-African Congress Convenes, 483
International Whaling Commission Issues Ban, 484
First Woman to Command a Space Mission, 484
24-Jul
Machu Picchu Is Discovered, 485
Simón Bolívar Day (Ecuador and Venezuela), 486
25-Jul
Feast of St. James the Greater, 487
Feast of St. Christopher, 487
Puerto Rican Constitution Day, 488
First English Channel Hovercraft Crossing, 489
Pope Paul VI Issues Encyclical on Birth Control, 489
First Test-Tube Baby Is Born, 490
First Woman Walks in Space, 490
First Viking Probe Lands on Mars, 479
Sinking of the Andrea Doria, 488
26-Jul
Liberia Achieves Independence, 491
27-Jul
Macbeth Is Defeated at Dunsinane, 492
Tobacco Is First Introduced to England, 492
Insulin First Isolated, 493
Barbosa Day (Puerto Rico), 493
28-Jul
Potatoes Are Introduced to Europe, 494
Robespierre Is Guillotined, 494
First Modern Use of Fingerprint Identification, 495
Peruvian Independence Day, 495
29-Jul
Tishah B’Av, 496
Feast of St. Martha, 496
Olavsoka (St. Olav’s Day, Faroe Islands), 497
Vitus Bering Sights Alaska, 498
30-Jul
Penguin Publishes Its First Paperback, 498
Kim Philby Defects, 498
31-Jul
Feast of St. Ignatius Loyola, 499
Lafayette Joins the American Revolution, 500
Weimar Constitution Is Adopted in Germany, 500
First Climbers Reach the Summit of K2, 501
First Use of Lunar Rover, 501
European Space Agency Forms, 502
START Treaty Is Signed, 502
Feast of St. Joachim and St. Anne, 490
1-Aug
Slavery Is Abolished Throughout the British Empire, 504
2-Aug
Our Lady of the Angels (Costa Rica), 505
St. Elijah’s Uprising (Macedonia), 505
Adolf Hitler Declares Himself Führer, 506
Cup Match Day (Bermuda), 507
3-Aug
"Ladies’ Peace," or the Treaty of Cambrai, Is Executed, 507
Bourguiba’s Day (Tunisia), 508
4-Aug
Metternich Becomes Austrian Foreign Minister, 509
Feast of St. John Vianney, 510
Revolution Day (Burkina Faso), 510
5-Aug
First Quasar Is Discovered, 510
The Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Is Signed, 511
Joan Benoit Wins the First Olympic Women’s Marathon, 512
National Thanksgiving Day (Croatia), 512
6-Aug
Feast of the Transfiguration, 513
Gertrude Ederle Becomes First Woman to Swim the English Channel, 514
World War II: United States Drops Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima, 515
First World Wide Web Files Posted on the Internet, 515
7-Aug
Battle of Boyacá (Colombia), 515
First Computer Chess Tournament, 516
John Calvin Publishes First Edition of Institutes of the Christian Religion, 503
The USS Nautilus Crosses Under the North Pole, 507
U.S. Embassies in East Africa Are Bombed, 516
8-Aug
Feast of St. Dominic, 517
Battle of Gravelines: Defeat of the Spanish Armada, 518
Summit of Mont Blanc Is First Scaled, 519
9-Aug
Feast of St. Matthias, 519
Battle of Adrianople, 520
1849 Hungarian Uprising Is Crushed, 520
National Women’s Day (South Africa), 520
10-Aug
Feast Day of St. Lawrence, 521
Construction of the Royal Observatory Begins at Greenwich, 521
International Biodiesel Day, 522
Death of Otto Lilienthal, 522
11-Aug
Hussein I Is Named King of Jordan, 523
Death of Jackson Pollock, 524
China Limits Family Size, 525
12-Aug
Isaac Singer Patents His Sewing Machine, 525
Joseph Lister Performs First Antiseptic Surgical Operation, 526
13-Aug
Cortés Takes Aztec Capital, 527
Cardinal Richelieu Becomes Chief Minister of France, 528
Berlin Wall Begins, 529
Bon, or Obon (Japan), 530
Echo I Is Launched, 527
14-Aug
Construction of Cologne Cathedral Begins, 531
First Permanent Russian Colony in Alaska, 531
Percy Bysshe Shelley Is Cremated, 532
Boxer Rebellion Ends, 532
Vietnam War: Bombing of Cambodia Ends, 533
15-Aug
Feast of the Assumption, 533
Earliest Dated Gutenberg Bible, 534
Panama Canal Opens, 535
Partitioning of India and Pakistan, 535
South Korea Gains Independence, 535
16-Aug
Il Palio (Siena, Italy), 536
"Siamese Twins" Are First Exhibited, 536
Valparaiso Earthquake, 537
Democratic Republic of the Congo Is Formed, 537
17-Aug
Electric Automobile Self-Starter Is Patented, 538
Death of General José de San Martín (Argentina), 538
18-Aug
Death of Genghis Khan, 539
First Rules of Boxing Are Approved, 540
First American Maritime Expedition Departs, 541
First Commercially Produced Oral Contraceptive Is Introduced, 542
19-Aug
Death of Augustus, 543
Daguerreotype Is Introduced, 544
Iranian Leader Mossadegh Is Overthrown, 544
Buhe (Ethiopia), 545
Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita Is Published in the United States, 541
20-Aug
Leon Trotsky Is Assassinated, 545
Soviets Invade Czechoslovakia, 546
First Solo Ascent of Mount Everest, 546
21-Aug
Consualia (Rape of the Sabine Women, Ancient Rome), 547
First Reichstag Is Opened in the Newly Unified Germany, 548
Nazi Germany Announces a Nonaggression Pact with the Soviet Union, 548
Feast of St. Pius X, 548
22-Aug
English Civil War Begins, 549
Red Cross Convention Is Signed, 550
Sydney Harbour Bridge Is Joined, 552
23-Aug
Vulcanalia (Ancient Rome), 552
Sir William Wallace Is Executed, 552
Mexico Gains Independence from Spain, 553
World Council of Churches Is Formed, 554
24-Aug
Eruption of Mount Vesuvius, 554
Feast of St. Bartholomew, 555
Kevin Warwick Becomes First Human Being to Have Microchip Implanted, 555
25-Aug
Feast of St. Louis, 555
Uruguayan Independence Day, 556
Matthew Webb Swims the English Channel, 556
World War II: Liberation of Paris, 557
26-Aug
Rome Invades Britain, 557
France Adopts the Declaration of the Rights of Man, 558
Eruption of Krakatoa, 558
Soviet Union Successfully Tests First ICBM, 558
27-Aug
King Charles II Orders John Milton’s Books Burned, 559
First Modern Oil Well Is Drilled, 559
Kellogg-Briand Pact Attempts to End International War, 560
First Jet Aircraft Flight, 560
28-Aug
Feast Day of Augustine of Hippo, 561
Death of Manolete, 562
Gay Games Begins, 562
29-Aug
Death of St. John the Baptist, 562
Battle of Mohacs, 563
Faraday Discovers Electromagnetic Induction, 563
Treaty of Nanking, 564
First Motorcycle Is Patented, 564
First Soviet Nuclear Weapon Test, 564
30-Aug
Cleopatra Commits Suicide, 565
Feast of St. Rosa of Lima (Peru), 566
Treaty of Nystad Ends Great Northern War, 567
31-Aug
Jack the Ripper Commits His First Murder, 567
Triple Entente Is Formed, 568
Death of Princess Diana, 568
1-Sep
Great Kanto Earthquake Strikes Japan, 571
World War II Begins, 572
Moammar Gadhafi Becomes Head of Libya, 572
2-Sep
Battle of Actium, 573
Great Fire of London, 574
First Westward Nonstop Transatlantic Flight, 574
Ho Chi Minh Declares Independence for Vietnam, 575
World War II: Japan Formally Surrenders, 575
ARPANET Debuts, 575
3-Sep
First Coronation of Richard I, 576
Treaty of Paris Is Signed, 577
Jean-Paul Akayesu Is Convicted of Genocide (Rwanda), 577
4-Sep
Last Roman Emperor Is Deposed, 578
Geronimo Is Captured, Ending Last Major U.S.–American Indian War, 578
Kodak Film Camera Is Patented and Trademarked, 579
5-Sep
Chauti (India), 580
Terrorists Kill Israeli Athletes at the Munich Olympics, 581
St. Gotthard’s Tunnel Opens, 582
6-Sep
"Open Door Policy" Is First Proposed for China, 582
7-Sep
Treaty of Baden Is Signed, 583
Jack Kerouac’s On the Road Is Published, 580
Sinking of the Atocha, 582
Panama Canal Treaty Is Signed, 584
8-Sep
Feast of the Birth of Mary, 585
Seven Years’ War: Montreal Surrenders, 586
SEATO Is Founded, 587
Andorran National Day / Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 587
9-Sep
John Herschel Takes First Glass Plate Photograph, 588
DPRK Foundation Day (North Korea), 589
France Withdraws from NATO, 589
10-Sep
First Autobahn Opens, 590
OPEC Is Founded, 590
Desegregation in Alabama, 591
Scottish Parliament Is Re-established, 591
11-Sep
Ethiopian New Year, 591
World War II: U.S. Announces "Shoot on Sight" Policy, 592
Terrorists Attack the United States, 593
12-Sep
Stone Age Cave Art Is Discovered Near Lascaux, France, 594
Death of Stephen Biko, 594
First Black Woman in Space, 595
13-Sep
Finding of the True Cross, 595
Feast of St. John Chrysostom, 596
First Successful Spacecraft Is Launched Toward the Moon, 597
Desmond Tutu Becomes Archbishop of Cape Town, South Africa, 585
Elvis Presley Appears on The Ed Sullivan Show, 588
14-Sep
Britain Employs the Gregorian Calendar, 597
Golf’s First Recorded Hole-in-One, 598
Death of Isadora Duncan, 598
First Successful Helicopter Flight, 598
San Jacinto Fight Day (Nicaragua), 598
15-Sep
Feast of the Seven Sorrows (Slovakia), 599
First Passenger Railroad Service, 599
Alexander Fleming Discovers Penicillin, 600
Respect for the Aged Day (Japan), 601
Greenpeace Is Founded, 601
16-Sep
Gay-Lussac’s Balloon Flight, 602
Mexico’s Revolt against Spain Begins, 602
Montreal Protocol Is Signed, 602
17-Sep
John Keats Leaves for Italy, 603
Camp David Accords Are Signed, 604
First Conjoined Twins to Be Separated by Surgery, 605
18-Sep
Rosh Hashanah, 605
Death of Dag Hammarskjöld, 606
Victory of UPRONA Day (Burundi), 607
19-Sep
Hundred Years’ War: Battle of Poitiers, 607
Feast of St. Januarius, 607
First Beauty Contest Is Held, 608
New Zealand Grants Universal Suffrage to Women, 608
20-Sep
Tzom Gedaliah, 609
Clement VII Becomes the "Antipope", 609
Italy Is Unified, 609
21-Sep
Autumn Begins (Northern Hemisphere), 610
Battle of Marathon, 611
Feast of St. Matthew, 611
First Shakespearean Performance at the Globe Theater, 611
22-Sep
Death of Shaka Zulu, 613
Peace Corps Is Created, 614
Iran-Iraq War Begins, 615
23-Sep
Lewis and Clark Return to St. Louis from Their Expedition, 615
Spain Agrees to End Slave Trade, 616
Neptune Is Discovered, 616
Saudi Arabia Is Unified, 617
24-Sep
World War II: Atlantic Charter Is Signed, 618
Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Is Opened for Signing, 619
25-Sep
Feast of St. Sergius of Radonezh, 619
Balboa Discovers the Pacific Ocean, 620
Mormon Church Renounces Polygamy, 620
Armed Forces Day (Mozambique), 621
Kamarampaka Day (Rwanda), 622
26-Sep
The Hobbit by J. R. R. Tolkien Is Published, 612
USS Enterprise Is Launched, 619
Holy Alliance Is Formed, 622
Mariel Boatlift Ends, 623
Soviet Union Removes Censorship Restrictions, 623
Shannon Lucid Returns to Earth, 624
27-Sep
Yom Kippur, 624
Jesuit Order Is Chartered, 625
First Passenger Locomotive Is Operated, 626
Tripartite Pact Is Formed, 626
28-Sep
Teachers’ Day (Birthday of Confucius— Taiwan), 626
William the Conqueror Invades England, 626
Europeans Discover California, 627
Sony Introduces Forerunner of Palm Pilot, 628
29-Sep
Michaelmas Day (Feast of St. Michael and All Angels), 628
Emperor Frederick II Is Excommunicated, 629
Robert Peel Creates Police Force ("Bobbies"), 630
Munich Pact: Britain and France Appease Hitler, 630
30-Sep
First Successful Manned Rocket Flight, 632
Nuremberg Trials: 19 German Nazi Leaders Are Convicted, 632
Botswana Day, 633
1-Oct
Battle of Gaugamela, 635
Treaty of San Ildefonso, 636
Henry Ford Introduces the Model T, 636
People’s Republic of China Is Established, 637
2-Oct
Mahatma Gandhi’s Birthday, 638
First International Conference of American States Convenes, 639
Rock Hudson Dies of AIDS, 640
3-Oct
Sukkot, 640
Italy Invades Ethiopia, 641
Britain Tests Its First Nuclear Weapon, 642
Reunification of Germany, 642
4-Oct
Death of St. Francis of Assisi, 643
Crimean War Begins, 644
5-Oct
Raoul Wallenberg Is Posthumously Honored, 645
Portuguese Republic Day, 646
Thanksgiving Day (Saint Lucia), 647
6-Oct
Yom Kippur War Begins, 648
Egyptian President Anwar el-Sadat Is Assassinated, 649
7-Oct
Battle of Lepanto, 650
Mother Teresa Establishes the Missionaries of Charity, 650
The Lyrical Ballads Is Published, 644
Soviets Launch Sputnik, 644
The Jazz Singer Premieres, 648
Operation Enduring Freedom Begins, 651
8-Oct
War of the Pacific: Battle of Angamos, 652
Death of Henri Christophe, 652
Canadian Thanksgiving Day, 653
9-Oct
Shmini Atzeret, 653
Leif Eriksson Lands in North America, 653
Yale University Is Founded, 654
Universal Postal Union Is Established, 654
Che Guevara Is Executed, 655
10-Oct
Simchat Torah, 656
Battle of Tours, 656
Vinland Map Is Exhibited, 656
Canadian Minister Is Kidnapped, 657
11-Oct
Boer War Begins, 657
South American Nonaggression Pact Is Signed, 658
Second Vatican Council Begins, 658
First Factoring of a 100-Digit Number, 658
12-Oct
Columbus Arrives in the New World, 659
Our Lady Aparecida (Brazil), 660
First International Conference on Calendar Reform Is Held, 660
Khrushchev at the United Nations Claims, "We Will Bury You!", 660
13-Oct
Feast of St. Edward the Confessor, 661
B’nai B’rith Is Founded, 662
Achille Lauro Hijacking, 651
World War II: Italy Declares War on Germany, 662
14-Oct
Santa Fortunata (Peru), 662
Chuck Yeager Breaks the Sound Barrier, 663
First National Gay-Rights March in the United States, 663
15-Oct
First Major Ballet Is Performed, 664
Death of St. Teresa of Ávila, 664
Mata Hari Is Executed, 665
Doctors Without Borders Wins Nobel Peace Prize, 666
China Launches Its First Astronaut into Space, 666
16-Oct
Council of Vienne Convenes, 667
Marie-Antoinette Is Executed, 667
China Detonates Its First Atomic Weapon, 668
Transplant Surgery on "Baby Fae", 668
17-Oct
Death of Jean-Jacques Dessalines (Haiti), 669
OPEC Sparks an Energy Crisis, 669
Worldwide Ban on Ivory Trading Is Imposed, 670
18-Oct
Feast of St. Luke, 670
Marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella, 671
The BBC Is Formed, 671
19-Oct
Battle of Yorktown: Cornwallis Surrenders, 672
United States Begins Trade Embargo against Cuba, 672
"Black Monday" of 1987, 673
Samora Machel Day (Mozambique), 673
20-Oct
"Long March" Concludes, 673
Sydney Opera House Opens, 674
21-Oct
Durga Puja Begins (Bengal), 675
Battle of Trafalgar, 675
Edison Perfects Light Bulb, 676
China Begins Occupation of Tibet, 676
1969 Coup in Somalia, 676
22-Oct
Earliest Recorded Total Eclipse of the Sun, 677
First Parachute Jump, 678
Metropolitan Opera House Opens, 678
Cuban Missile Crisis Begins, 679
23-Oct
Boris Pasternak Is Awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, 679
Beirut Bombing of Foreign Troops, 680
Hungary Declares Independence, 680
Chulalongkorn Day (Thailand), 681
Paris Peace Agreements on Cambodia, 682
24-Oct
Peace of Westphalia Ends Thirty Years’ War, 682
Third Partition of Poland, 683
United Nations Formally Comes into Existence, 683
People’s Republic of China Displaces Taiwan at the United Nations, 684
25-Oct
Battle of Agincourt, 685
Charge of the Light Brigade, 686
Chung Yeung Festival (Hong Kong), 686
Thanksgiving (Grenada), 686
26-Oct
Israeli-Jordanian Peace Treaty, 687
Angam Day (Nauru), 688
Gospel Day (Cook Islands), 688
Pirates Week Festival (Cayman Islands), 688
27-Oct
First Canadian Lacrosse Champion Is Declared, 689
New York Subway Opens, 689
28-Oct
Ochi Day (Greece and Cyprus), 690
Digital Millennium Copyright Act Is Signed, 691
29-Oct
Republic of Turkey Is Established, 691
Stock Market Crash of 1929, 692
Suez Canal Crisis Begins, 693
30-Oct
Treaty of Friendship Between Turkey and Greece Is Signed, 694
World War II: Moscow Conference, 695
Mass Marriage Ceremony in the Unification Church, 695
31-Oct
Halloween, 696
Loy Krathong Festival (Thailand), 696
Martin Luther Posts His 95 Theses, 696
Chiang Kai-shek Day (Taiwan), 697
Vatican Issues Nostra Aetate, 690
Radio Broadcast of H. G. Wells’s The War of the Worlds, 694
1-Nov
All Saints’ Day, 699
Spanish Inquisition Begins, 700
Death of Charles II of Spain, 700
Lisbon Earthquake, 701
Maastricht Treaty Goes Into Effect, 701
2-Nov
All Souls’ Day, 701
Lionel Lukin Patents First Lifeboat, 702
Balfour Declaration Endorses a Jewish State in Palestine, 702
Haile Selassie Is Crowned Emperor of Ethiopia, 703
Islamic Republic of Pakistan Is Declared, 704
3-Nov
English Act of Supremacy Is Passed, 704
Panama Declares Independence from Colombia, 705
Salvatore Allende Is Sworn in as President of Chile, 706
4-Nov
Karva Chauth Vrat (Hindu Fast), 706
Feast of St. Charles Borromeo, 707
First Air Conditioned Automobile Is Introduced, 708
UNESCO Is Formed, 708
Yitzhak Rabin Is Assassinated, 708
5-Nov
Death of Casimir the Great, 710
Guy Fawkes Day, 710
Breakthrough in Stem-Cell Research, 711
6-Nov
Day of Gustav Adolph (Sweden), 711
Roman Catholic Church Appoints First U.S. Bishop, 712
First Electric Razor Is Patented, 712
United Nations Condemns Apartheid in South Africa, 713
Sputnik 2 Is Launched, 705
Green March (Morocco), 713
7-Nov
Canadian Pacific Railway Is Completed, 714
Bolshevik Revolution: Communists Take the Winter Palace, 714
Mary Robinson Becomes President of Ireland, 715
8-Nov
"Stockholm Bloodbath" Begins, 715
The Louvre Opens to the Public, 716
Wilhelm Roentgen Discovers the X-Ray, 717
Operation Magic Carpet Begins, 717
9-Nov
St. John Lateran Is Installed, 718
Birthday of Muhammad Allama Iqbal (Pakistan), 718
Kristallnacht, 719
Sartre Condemns the Soviet Union, 719
Northeast Power Failures, 719
10-Nov
Stanley Finds Livingstone, 720
First Operator-Free Long-Distance Telephone Call, 720
Great Wall of China Opens for Tourists, 721
11-Nov
Feast of St. Martin, 721
Mayflower Compact, 722
World War I: Armistice, 722
Rhodesia Declares Independence from Great Britain, 723
12-Nov
First Flying Trapeze Act / Debut of the Leotard, 723
International Conference on Naval Limitation Begins, 724
First Known Photograph of the Loch Ness Monster, 724
Sun Yat-sen’s Birthday (Taiwan), 725
13-Nov
Holland Tunnel Opens, 725
Vietnam Veterans Memorial Is Dedicated (United States), 726
14-Nov
Deepavali (Hindu Festival of Lights), 726
Nellie Bly Begins Her Journey Around the World, 728
15-Nov
Shichi-go-san (Japan), 728
Brazil Becomes a Republic, 729
Independent Palestine Is Declared, 730
16-Nov
United States and Soviet Union Establish Diplomatic Relations, 730
Benazir Bhutto Becomes First Female Leader of Pakistan, 731
Radovan Karadzic Is Charged with War Crimes, 732
17-Nov
Ramadan Starts, 733
Elizabeth I Is Crowned Queen of England, 733
Velvet Revolution (Czechoslovakia), 734
18-Nov
First Book Is Printed in England, 735
Antarctica Is Discovered, 736
Jonestown Massacre (Guyana), 736
19-Nov
Puerto Rico Is Discovered by Europeans, 737
"Man in the Iron Mask" Dies, 737
Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick Is Published, 727
Soviet Union Launches Venera 3 Probe, 731
Garifuna Day (Belize), 738
20-Nov
Mexican Revolution Begins, 738
World War I: First Large-Scale Use of Tanks in Battle, 739
21-Nov
First Manned Balloon Flight, 739
Piltdown Man Fraud Is Exposed, 740
22-Nov
Feast of St. Cecilia (Saint Lucia), 740
Vasco da Gama Rounds the Cape of Good Hope, 741
President John F. Kennedy Is Assassinated, 742
Thanksgiving Day (United States), 742
23-Nov
Peace of Kappel, 742
Enrico Caruso Debuts in America, 743
Labor Thanksgiving Day (Japan), 743
24-Nov
Abel Tasman Discovers Tasmania, 744
Barbed Wire Is Patented, 746
25-Nov
Anti-Comintern Pact Is Signed, 746
Irish Republican Army Is Outlawed in Great Britain, 747
Iran-Contra Scandal Is Revealed, 747
26-Nov
Day of the Covenant (Bahá’í Faith), 748
Ravel’s Boléro Debuts, 741
The Origin of Species Is Published, 745
Howard Carter Opens King Tut’s Tomb, 748
France Launches Its First Rocket, 749
27-Nov
Pope Urban II Proclaims First Crusade, 749
Alfred Nobel Creates Nobel Prizes, 750
28-Nov
Magellan Enters Straits Around South America, 751
Irish Sinn Fein Party Is Founded, 751
World War II: The Tehran Conference, 751
29-Nov
First Imperial Diet Opens in Japan, 752
First Flight over the South Pole, 753
30-Nov
Feast of St. Andrew, 754
Bonifacio’s Day (Philippines), 755
"Lucy" Is Discovered in Ethiopia, 755
1-Dec
Portugal Regains Independence from Spain, 757
First Appearance of Sherlock Holmes, 758
First Woman Is Seated in the British House of Commons, 759
2-Dec
Napoléon Bonaparte Is Crowned Emperor, 759
Monroe Doctrine Proclaims Independence of Western Hemisphere, 760
First Nuclear Chain Reaction Is Achieved, 760
First Permanent Artificial Heart Transplant, 761
3-Dec
Greek Civil War Begins, 761
First Heart Transplant, 762
Bhopal Poison Gas Disaster, 762
4-Dec
First English Pope Is Chosen, 763
Suttee Is Abolished in India, 763
Thanksgiving Day (Marshall Islands), 764
5-Dec
Bermuda Triangle Disappearances, 764
Bophuthatswana Tribal Homeland Is Created (South Africa), 765
6-Dec
Feast of St. Nicholas, 765
Irish Free State Is Proclaimed, 766
Destruction of Babri Mosque Sparks Riots in India, 767
7-Dec
World War II: Japan Attacks the United States at Pearl Harbor, 767
Indonesia Invades East Timor, 767
Côte d’Ivoire National Day, 768
8-Dec
Feast of the Immaculate Conception of Mary, 768
John Lennon Is Murdered, 769
Superpowers Agree to Reduce Nuclear Arsenals, 771
9-Dec
Spain Becomes a Republic, 771
Lech Walesa Is Elected President of Poland, 772
Famine Relief in Somalia Begins, 772
10-Dec
Hanukkah, 773
League of Cambrai Is Formed, 774
First Pneumatic Tire Is Patented, 774
Spanish-American War: Treaty of Paris Is Signed, 774
United Nations Declaration of Human Rights Is Adopted, 774
11-Dec
England’s King Edward VIII Abdicates, 775
UNICEF Is Established, 775
Sequencing of Worm DNA Is Complete, 776
12-Dec
Our Lady of Guadalupe (Mexico), 776
13-Dec
Feast of Santa Lucia, 778
Council of Trent Begins, 779
Francis Drake Embarks on a Voyage around the World, 780
Rape of Nanking, 781
14-Dec
Max Planck Sets Forth the Tenets of Quantum Theory, 781
Roald Amundsen Reaches South Pole, 781
Mona Lisa Is Recovered, 777
First President of Cyprus Is Proclaimed, 782
DNA Is First Created in a Test Tube, 782
15-Dec
Bill of Rights Is Ratified (United States), 783
Glenn Miller Disappears, 783
Communist Rule in Romania Crumbles, 783
16-Dec
Boston Tea Party, 784
Kansu Earthquake, 784
Bangladesh Achieves Independence (Victory Day), 784
First Limited Human Cloning, 785
17-Dec
Saturnalia (Ancient Rome), 785
Wright Brothers Make First Airplane Flight, 786
First Heart, Lung, and Liver Transplant, 787
Haiti Holds Free Elections, 787
18-Dec
Tasman Encounters the Maori (New Zealand), 788
United States Abolishes Slavery, 788
World War I: Battle of Verdun Ends, 788
19-Dec
Opalia (Ancient Rome), 789
French Phase of Vietnam War Begins, 789
Operation Just Cause Begins, 790
20-Dec
Russian Calendar Is Reorganized, 791
Louisiana Purchase, 791
NATO Assumes Peacekeeping Duties in Bosnia, 791
First Performance of Tchaikovsky’s The Nutcracker, 786
21-Dec
Winter Begins, 792
Feast of St. Thomas the Apostle, 792
Pilgrims Land at Plymouth Rock, 793
Republic of Ireland Bill Is Signed, 793
Pan Am Flight 103 Disaster, 794
22-Dec
Fyodor Dostoyevsky Escapes a Firing Squad, 794
Alfred Dreyfus Is Convicted, 795
23-Dec
"A Visit from Saint Nicholas" Is Published, 796
Night of the Radishes (Oaxaca, Mexico), 796
Transistor Is Invented, 797
24-Dec
Christmas Eve, 797
Treaty of Ghent, 798
Ku Klux Klan Is Formed, 798
25-Dec
Fast of the 10th of Tevet, 799
Christmas, 799
Hirohito Becomes Emperor of Japan, 800
Soviet Union Dissolves, 801
26-Dec
Feast of St. Stephen, 801
Boxing Day, 802
Junkanoo (Bahamas), 802
Discovery of Radium, 803
First Black Boxer Wins World Heavyweight Title, 804
Kwanzaa, 804
Premiere of Walt Disney’s Snow White, 793
27-Dec
Radio City Music Hall Opens, 804
International Monetary Fund Is Established, 805
Spain Adopts a Democratic Constitution, 806
Anniversary of the Constitution (North Korea), 806
28-Dec
Holy Innocents Day, 806
Chewing Gum Is Patented, 807
Earthquake Devastates Messina, Italy, 808
29-Dec
Thomas à Becket Is Assassinated, 808
Václav Havel Is Elected President of Czechoslovakia, 810
30-Dec
Death of Rasputin, 810
Soviet Union Is Formed, 811
Existence of Other Galaxies Is Announced, 812
Rizal Day (Philippines), 812
31-Dec
New Year’s Eve, 813
British East India Company Is Chartered, 814
Death of Roberto Clemente, 814
Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Is Published, 809
