International migration and Filipino female entertainers

coming to Japan:

ABE, Ryogo （阿部　亮吾）PD, Department of Geography,

Nagoya University, Japan（名古屋大学大学院，地理学教室， PD研究員）

A case study of Nagoya city, Japan

Today’s Presentation

Globalization and ‘‘the age of migration’’ International migration and Filipino migrants Situations of Filipino female entertainers

coming to Japan Appearance of Spaces of Philippines Pubs

concentrating at SAKAE Walk Streets in Nagoya City, Japan

Some conclusions

Globalizing World since 1970s

‘‘The Age of migration’’ （ Castles & Miller, 1993: The Age of Migration. Macmillan Press.

)

①Globalisation of migration

　　 ② Acceleration of －　　 ③ Differentiation of －　　 ④ Feminization of － → 　 The Philippines is a symbolic state.

International migration out of the Philippines

Republic of the Philippines:

30 million people,in 180 countries and areas

all over the world

600 thousands by one year

Male;•Middle Eastern

- Construction workers

Female;•Middle Eastern

•Asian NIEs•Western countries- Domestic workers

- Nurses

International migration out of the Philippines

○Entertainers

×Domestic workers

How many entertainers

come to Japan from the

Philippines?

Question 1

The Number of Entertainers newly coming to Japan

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

万人 Total

Asi a

Phi l

8,500人

36,000人53,000人

82,000人

How do Filipino Female Entertainers (FFEs) come

to Japan?

Question 2

Visa Status → 　 VISA for Entertainers

How long? → 　 Maximum: for 6months (3months) 　

Profession → 　 Dnacers 　 or 　 Singers

Work Place → 　 Philippine Pubs (Snacks, Clubs)

FFEs are not long-term residents

Status of FFEs

pro

motio

n

P O E A

Filipin

o w

om

en

Immigration Office

Pro

ductio

n

Ph

ilipp

ine P

ub

ARBprocedur

e

CERTIFICATE OF ELIGIBILITY

exam

recru

iters

contract

En

terta

ine

rs

Back

Godispatch

Systematized migration of FFEs

By the way・・・

What’s the Philippine

Pub like?

Hostess activity

Dance Time

Food and Drink Menu List

Karaoke with customers

Karaoke’s practice Book for FFEs

Do-han (= Date out of a Pub)

SAYONARA Party of FFEs

Who is this ?

Where are the Philippine Pubs in Japan?－My study area－

Question 3

AICHI Pre.

Nagoya City

NAGOYA CITY

SAKAE

City Hall

NISHIKI 3 Chome

SAKAE 3 Chome

SAKAE Walk Streets

SAKAE Area

NISHIKI 3 Chome

SAKAE 3 Chome TOKYU Hotel

IKEDA Park

SAKAE Walk Streets

SAKAE Walk Streets

October 25, 2004

CHUNICHI SHINBUN

‘Little Manila’

IKEDA Park

South side of IKEDA Park

West side of IKEDA Park

North side of IKEDA Park

Main street of Philippine Pubs

Main street of Philippine Pubs

12

Three Electric Advertisement Boards

IKEDA Park

TOKYU Hotel

3

Advertisement Board①

Advertisement Board②

Advertisement Board③

Analyzing some Web sites

　① Emotional – bright, cheerful, joyful, open

　② Hospitality – gentle, kind, tender

　③ Purity – naive, innocent

　④ Something which Japanese women have

　　　 already lost or are now losing

　　　→　 Discourse of ‘‘YAMATO NADESHIKO’’

What does Japanese society expect of FFEs ?

Some conclusions

What makes Japanese society need FFEs ?

Socio-economic differences ? Cultural differences ? Japanized Orientalism ? (Post-) Colonialism ? New racism ?