International Journal of Emergency and Trauma Nursing vol 2 issue 1

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International Journal of Emergency & Trauma Nursing intends to publish research, review and short

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invites researches, review, short articles, and case studies focusing on:

Focus and Scope of the Journal! Emergency and Trauma care! Emergency Medicine! Emergency Surgery! Emergency Nursing and practice care! Pediatric emergencies! Clinical Ethics of Emergency care! Major Injury Management and Care! Physiology for Emergency care! Cardiovascular emergencies! Pandemics and Environmental Emergencies! Respiratory Emergencies! Organ and tissue Donation! Trauma and Shock

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Commissioning Editors

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EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS

Dr. Sukhpal KaurNational Institute of Nursing Education,

PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.

Dr. Pratibha Swamy College of Nursing, NIMHANS,

Bangalore

Dr. Aman Moda P.M.N.M. Dental College & Hospital, Bagalkot,

India

Kawaljit KaurMedical surgical Nursing, Mai Bhago College

of Nursing, Tarn Taran (Punjab), India.

A. Arvin Babu Sree Abirami Hospital and College of Nursing,

Coimbatore, India.

Dhanpal H. N. Smt.Nagarathnamma college of Nursing,

Bangalore, India.

Mr. Rathish Nair College of Nursing, AIIMS, Bihar,

India.

Dr. H. Juliet Sylvia Sacred Heart Nursing College, MADURAI,

India.

Siva Jeya Anand. T Chitra College of Nursing,Kerala,

India.

Mr. Anil Sharma Manikaka Topawala Institute of Nursing,

CHARUSAT- Changa & Charotar University

of Science and technology, Gujarat, India.

Ms. Poonam JoshiAmity College of Nursing, Gurgaon, Haryana,

India.

Seema SachdevaCollege of Nursing, AIIMS, Delhi,

India.

Mr. Sembian.N.Government Nursing College, U.P. Rural Institute of Medical Sciences & Research,

Saifai, Etawah

From the Editor's Desk

Dear Readers,

We would like to present, with great pleasure, the Second Volume of a new scholarly

journal, International Journal of Emergency & Trauma Nursing. This journal is part of

the Applied Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present nursing issues, from

theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validation of emerging

technologies.

This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Emergency & Trauma

Nursing as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific

and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Nursing Science community, addressing

researchers and practitioners in this area.

The core vision of International journal of Emergency & Trauma Nursing in JournalsPub is to propagate

novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and professional

research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Plant Nursing in general. JournalsPub

acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at excellently, well-time &

successfully.

International Journal of Emergency & Trauma Nursing focuses on original high-quality research in the

realm of Emergency and Trauma care, Emergency Medicine, Emergency Surgery, Emergency Nursing and

practice care, Pediatric emergencies, Clinical Ethics of Emergency care, Major Injury Management and

Care, Physiology for Emergency care, Cardiovascular emergencies, Pandemics and Environmental

Emergencies, Respiratory Emergencies, Organ and tissue Donation, Trauma and Shock.

The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Nursing and

solutions in the area.

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We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an innovative

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field of Nursing.

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would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the

editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project.

It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Nursing readers and will

stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Nursing.

Puneet Mehrotra

Managing Director

1. Effectiveness of Electronic Media for Nurses on Aerosol Therapy in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Selected Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab Rajneet Kaur, Ramesh Kumari 1

2. An Exploratory Study to Assess the Knowledge and Practices Regarding Self-Care Measures for the Management of Dysmenorrhea among Adolescent Girls at Selected Rural Areas of Jalandhar, Punjab Kamalpreet Kaur, Bimla Rani, Ashu Kesar 15

3. A Descriptive Study to Assess Knowledge of Primigravida Mothers Regarding Minor Ailments of Pregnancy in Selected Hospitals of Amritsar, Punjab in a View to Develop Health Education PamphletRajwant Kaur, Bimla Rani, Ramesh Kumari 24

4. A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Menopause Among Premenopausal Women in Selected Village of Tarn-Taran, Punjab, in a View to Develop Health Education PamphletHarpreet Kaur, Bimla Rani, Ramesh Kumari 32

5. A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Helfer Skin Tap Technique on Pain Level among Patients Receiving I/M Injection at Selected Hospitals of Amritsar, PunjabGagandeep Kaur, Manpreet Kaur Garcha, Jicy Shahji 40

Contents

IJETN (2016) 1–14 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1

International Journal of Emergency & Trauma Nursing Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Effectiveness of Electronic Media for Nurses on Aerosol Therapy

in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Selected

Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab

Rajneet Kaur, Ramesh Kumari* Mai Bhago College of Nursing, Tarn Taran, Punjab, India

Abstract

Background and Objectives: It has been estimated that in United States, up to 13% of

inpatient deaths in pediatric wards are due to acute respiratory tract infection. In India, 22%

of children suffer from acute respiratory infection which has been reported to be the major

cause of morbidity and mortality in young children world-wide. They account for nearly 3.9

million deaths every year globally. This study was conducted to study the effectiveness of

electronic media for nurses on aerosol therapy in children with acute respiratory tract

infection in selected hospital, Amritsar, Punjab. The objectives of the study were: to assess

the knowledge scores and skills of nurses regarding aerosol therapy before administering

validated electronic media; to assess the knowledge scores and skills of nurses regarding

aerosol therapy after administering validated electronic media; to evaluate the effectiveness

of electronic media regarding aerosol therapy in terms of gain in knowledge scores among

nurses; and to assess the relationship between knowledge scores and skills of nurses

regarding aerosol therapy. The research approach adapted for this study was quasi

experimental, one group pre–post-test design. The setting is at Guru Nanak Dev hospital,

Amritsar, Punjab. The sample size was 100 nurses. The tool consists of section. Demographic

performa consisting 07 items self-administered structured knowledge questionnaire

consisting of 26 items. Check list consisting 20 items. The reliability of the tool was

established by using split half technique and the value found for knowledge was 0.91 and for

check list was 0.93. Interpretation and Conclusion: It can be inferred that mean post-test

knowledge score (65.38%) and practice score (70%) of the subjects was higher than the

mean pre-test knowledge score (41.96%) and practice score (40%) and noticed with

statistical significant established by paired t-test (p < 0.05).

Keywords: acute respiratory tract infection, aerosol therapy, children

INTRODUCTION The increasing global concern for survival

and protection of the child stems from the

fundamental realization that “The child of

today is the citizen of tomorrow.”

(Humphrey and James Harry).

Our hopes and dreams for the future are

dependent on our children, who are the

most susceptible group in the society. The

most recurrent ailment of acute illness in

infants and children is the acute respiratory

tract infections and the complications

associated with it. It has become one of the

major causes of death in children in India.

It is also one of the key reasons for

bringing children to hospitals and health

facilities. This ailment is the cause of

almost 13% of in-patient deaths in

IJETN (2016) 15-23 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 15

International Journal of Emergency and Trauma Nursing Vol. 2: Issue 1

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An Exploratory Study to Assess the Knowledge and Practices

Regarding Self-Care Measures for the Management of

Dysmenorrhea among Adolescent Girls at Selected Rural Areas

of Jalandhar, Punjab

Kamalpreet Kaur, Bimla Rani*, Ashu Kesar Bharat College of Nursing, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Punjab, India

Abstract

The present study was done to assess the knowledge and practices regarding self-care

measures for management of dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls at selected rural areas of

Jalandhar, Punjab. The objective of the study include assessment of the knowledge regarding

self-care measure for management of dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls, to assess the

practices regarding self-care measure for management of dysmenorrhea among adolescent

girls, to find out the association between knowledge and practices regarding the self-care

measure for management of dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls, to find out the

association between knowledge and practices regarding the self-care measures for

management of dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls with selected variables. The

delimitation of the study was the adolescent girls in rural areas of Jalandhar (Punjab), with

13-16 of age.

Keywords: adolescent girls, dysmenorrhea, knowledge, management, self-care measure

INTRODUCTION

“Don't be scared...Women can handle the

worst kind of pain. You'll find out one

day.” Gayle Forman.

Physical and psychological changes are

what marks the adolescent period for a girl

that prepares them for a safe motherhood.

The health of the future population also

gets influenced by the health and wellness

of adolescent girls. Nearly a quarter of

India’s population includes girls below 20

years of age. Menarche is a phase that

marks as one of the chief physiological

changes that occurs in the life of an

adolescent girl. Menstruation refers to the

process of bleeding, also called a period

that occurs monthly in every woman.

During menstruation, the inner lining of

the uterus (womb) is shed. Menstrual

blood flows from the uterus through the

small opening in the cervix, and passes out

of the body through the vagina. Normally,

the duration of menstrual periods is from

three to five days. Painful menstruation

has become one of the most common

problems for women. In most women,

dysmenorrhea occurs during adolescence,

mostly within four to five years of their

first menstrual period. As a woman ages,

painful periods start getting less

common.[1]

Dysmenorrhea refers to the

pain and discomfort that a women

experiences during menstruation. Though

this condition is not considered a critical

medical problem, however, it usually is

severe enough to stall her day to day

working for a day or two every month. The

pain that one experiences is caused to the

IJETN (2016) 24-31 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 24


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A Descriptive Study to Assess Knowledge of Primigravida

Mothers Regarding Minor Ailments of Pregnancy in Selected

Hospitals of Amritsar, Punjab in a View to Develop Health

Education Pamphlet

Rajwant Kaur, Bimla Rani*, Ramesh Kumari

Mai Bhago College of Nursing, Tarn Taran, Punjab, India

Abstract

The study adopted a descriptive survey approach to assess the knowledge of primigravida

mothers regarding minor ailments of pregnancy in selected hospitals of Amritsar, Punjab in a

view to develop health education pamphlet. The sample size is 100 primigravida mothers. The

tool is divided into 2 sections, section 1 consists of a self-structured demographic

questionnaire and section 2 consists of a self-structured knowledge questionnaire. Reliability

of the tool was established by Karl’s Pearson Prophecy formulae and the values found for the

knowledge questionnaire is 0.92. The study was conducted at Guru Nanak Dev Hospital and

Sukhbir Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab. Out of 100 samples, the majority of samples (57%) had

inadequate knowledge and minority of samples (16%) had adequate knowledge regarding

minor ailments of pregnancy. The study findings shows that there is significant association

with demographic variables such as age, education, type of family occupation, exercise

pattern and source of information, at 0.05 level of significance.

Keywords: knowledge, minor ailments and health education pamphlet, primigravida mothers

INTRODUCTION

Pregnancy is another phase in a woman’s

life. It is a condition of balance and beauty

and is one of the best facets that a woman

can encounter in her life. Each pregnancy

is an exceptional ordeal for a woman and

every pregnancy that a woman experiences

will be new and novel distinctive. In any

event, half of the world populace

comprises of females and soon or later

every one of them experience the

primigravida period of life.[1]

Pregnancy is connected with changes

regarding physiological shift from

pregnancy to motherhood that in turn

accelerates massive changes in every

female. These progressions include

physical and physiological changes as well

as consolidate psychological, emotional

and spiritual characteristics of progress.

These anatomical and physiological

changes are not only limited to the genital

organs but also associated with all the

systems of her body as this is chiefly an

experience of maternal adjustment to the

growing needs of the developing fetus, to

sustain the embryo, prepare body for labor,

develop her breast and place down stores

of fat to provide calories for production of

breast milk.[2]

Pregnancy is the period of great anabolic

activity as soon as pregnancy commences



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A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding

Menopause Among Premenopausal Women in Selected Village of

Tarn-Taran, Punjab, in a View to Develop Health Education

Pamphlet

Harpreet Kaur, Bimla Rani*, Ramesh Kumari Mai Bhago College of Nursing, Tarn Taran, Punjab, India

Abstract

Menopause is a one of a kind phase of female reproductive cycle. It is described as the end of

the reproductive phase of a woman. The average age of menopause is 47years in Indian

females. Therefore Indian women are likely to spend almost 23.5 years that is one third of

their total lives, in menopause. Some women experience menopausal symptoms that can be

severe enough to affect their normal daily activities. Various studies showed that women have

inadequate knowledge regarding menopause. Assessing the level of knowledge regarding

menopause is an important measure used for the premenopausal women. So, self-structured

knowledge questionnaire was used to assess the level of knowledge regarding menopause

among pre-menopausal women. The study was descriptive in nature. The sample size for the

study was 100 pre-menopausal women of age group above 40 years in selected village of

Tarn Taran, Punjab. The self-structured knowledge questionnaire was selected for the

collection of data. The obtained data was analyzed in terms of the objectives of the study

using descriptive and inferential statistics.

The study results showed that out of 100 samples that majority (53 %) of sample had

inadequate knowledge, (33%) had moderately adequate knowledge and only (14%) had

adequate knowledge. There is significant association of knowledge and selected demographic

variables such as qualification(x2=22.622), occupation (x

2=22.178) and family income

(x2=16.385) on the knowledge score of premenopausal women regarding menopause in

selected village as the calculated value is more than tabulated value at 0.05 level of

significance. The impact of age (x2=12.148), religion(x

2=0.354), type of family (x

2=4.532),

source of information (x2=3.133) and dietary pattern (x

2=0.300) on knowledge score of

premenopausal women regarding menopause in selected village found to be nonsignificant as

the calculated value is less than tabulated value at 0.05 level of significance. After the data

collection health education pamphlet was distributed to each sample.

Keywords: health education pamphlet, knowledge, menopause, premenopausal women,

village

INTRODUCTION

“It’s a sign of the times when your roots

are grey and your memory’s shorter;

It’s a sign of the times when your

hourglass shape becomes a glass of

water.”

-Jeanie Linders



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A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Helfer Skin Tap Technique

on Pain Level among Patients Receiving I/M Injection at Selected

Hospitals of Amritsar, Punjab

Gagandeep Kaur, Manpreet Kaur Garcha*, Jicy Shahji Mai Bhago College of Nursing, Punjab, India

Abstract

Intramuscular injection is a painful experience which is different from person to person.

Helfer Skin Tap technique was proposed by Joanne Helfer. Skin tapping (Helfer Skin Tap

technique) is one of the methods which keeps the muscles relaxed and while administration

the intramuscular injection. In the present study a Quasi experimental design was used with

Purposive Sampling technique to assess the effectiveness of interventional tapping technique

that is Helfer Skin Tap technique to reduce the level of pain during administration of the

intramuscular injection. The study was carried out in Guru Nanak Dev Hospital, C.K Life

care hospital. The sample consisted 100 from medical and surgical wards. A numerical pain

scale is use to assess the effectiveness of Helfer Skin Tap Technique. Analysis was done using

both descriptive and inferential statistics. Finding of the study showed that, there was

significant difference between in the mean post score of (Helfer Skin Tap technique) is less

than the control group. The numeric pain scale that is 1.60(SD±1.143) and 4.98(SD±1.755)

respectively and “t” test value is 11.410 which is significant at 0.05 level. The result revealed

that the comparison between the experimental control groups show that pain is reduce with

the help of skin tapping technique after the intramuscular injection.

Keywords: Helfer Skin Tap technique, Intramuscular injection, pain scale, effectiveness

INTRODUCTION Intra muscular injection is common and

complex technique used to deliver the

medication deep into the large muscles of

the body. Intra muscular injection route

provides faster drug action and absorption

than the subcutaneous route because in the

muscles have greater vascularity.

There are different categories which

influences person experiences of pain

during Intra muscular injection for

example anxiety, culture, age, gender, and

expectation of pain relief. These factors

increase or decrease the experience of pain

during Intra muscular injection.[1–3]

The International Association for the

Study of pain (IASP, 1979) defined pain as

“An unpleasant, subjective, sensory and

emotional experience associated with

actual or potential tissue damage or

described in terms of such damage”. The

pain producing stimulus sends an impulse

across a peripheral nerve fiber. Then the

pain fiber entering into the spinal cord and

after that travels into several routes and

ending point within the gray matter of the

spinal cord. There the pain give message

and interacts with inhibitory nerve cells

and preventing the pain stimulus from

reaching the brain towards cerebral cortex.

After that a pain stimulus reaches towards

the cerebral cortex the brain interprets the

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and Design¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

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Automation

« International Journal of Radio Frequency Design« International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology« International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies« International Journal of Digital Electronics« International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Signals

« International Journal of Housing and Human SettlementPlanning

« International Journal of Architecture and InfrastructurePlanning

« International Journal of Rural and Regional PlanningDevelopment

« International Journal of Town Planning and Management

Applied Mechanics

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Computer Science and Engineering « International Journal of Wireless Network Security« International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis« International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices« International Journal of Software Computing and Testing« International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms

Nanotechnology« International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology« International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures« International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences

Physics

« International Journal of Renewable Energy and itsCommercialization

« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry« International Journal of Agrochemistry« International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

Civil Engineering« International Journal of Water Resources Engineering« International Journal of Concrete Technology« International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis« International Journal of Construction Engineering and

Planning

Electrical Engineering« International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits« International Journal of Automatic Control System« International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives« International Journal of Electrical Communication

Engineering« International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and

Circuits

Material Sciences and Engineering « International Journal of Energetic Materials« International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials« International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology« International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical

Engineering

Chemistry « International Journal of Photochemistry« International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry« International Journal of Green Chemistry« International Journal of Chemical and Molecular

Engineering

« International Journal of Electro Mechanics andMechanical Behaviour

« International Journal of Machine Design andManufacturing

« International Journal of Mechanical Dynamicsand Analysis

« International Journal of Fracture and damageMechanics

« International Journal of Structural Mechanicsand Finite Elements

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Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and

Biomaterials« International Journal of Plant Biotechnology« International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology« International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules« International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and

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Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing« International Journal of Neurological Nursing« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing« International Journal of Oncological Nursing

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IJETN JAN - JUNE 2016

International Journal of Emergency and Trauma Nursing vol 2 issue 1

Education

Transcript of International Journal of Emergency and Trauma Nursing vol 2 issue 1