International Journal of Data Structures Vol 2 Issue 2

International Journal of

Data Structures

IJDS JUL–DEC 2016

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Nanotechnology« International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology« International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures« International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences

Physics

« International Journal of Renewable Energy and itsCommercialization

« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry« International Journal of Agrochemistry« International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

Civil Engineering« International Journal of Water Resources Engineering« International Journal of Concrete Technology« International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis« International Journal of Construction Engineering and

Planning

Electrical Engineering« International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits« International Journal of Automatic Control System« International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives« International Journal of Electrical Communication

Engineering« International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and

Circuits

Material Sciences and Engineering « International Journal of Energetic Materials« International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials« International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology« International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical

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Chemistry « International Journal of Photochemistry« International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry« International Journal of Green Chemistry« International Journal of Chemical and Molecular

Engineering

« International Journal of Electro Mechanics andMechanical Behaviour

« International Journal of Machine Design andManufacturing

« International Journal of Mechanical Dynamicsand Analysis

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Biomaterials« International Journal of Plant Biotechnology« International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology« International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules« International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and

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B-trees

Array data structure

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B M Alaudeen Research Scholar, Manonmaniam Sundaranar

University, Tirunelveli,India.

Sivaraj Rajappan Velalar college of engineering and technology,

Anna University, India

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Dear Readers,

We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly

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1. Different Type of Sorting Technique in Data Structure Usage Sunil Kumar Chouriya 1

2. Categorical Study of Nature Inspired Algorithms in the Various Domains S. Goel, S. Sinha, V.K. Panchal 10

3. Data Structure and Its Multiple Uses in Computer ScienceTejus Dhoble 15

4. Editorial Note: Importance of Data Structure in Different Fields of Computer ScienceManisha Agnihotri 18

5. Data Structures and Its Importance – Research InsightAnkita Singh 20

Contents

IJDS (2016) 1–9 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1

International Journal of Data Structures Vol. 2: Issue 2

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Different Type of Sorting Technique in Data Structure Usage

Sunil Kumar Chouriya* NIIST, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, MP, India

ABSTRACT

Sorting techniques help an individual to evaluate hard algorithms in easy way, so this paper

helps to execute tough algorithm in a simple way for different–different users.

Keywords: data sorting, execute

INTRODUCTION

Data Structure Data Structure is a method for gathering

and arranging information in such a way,

to the point that we can perform operations

on this information in a powerful way.

Data structure is about rendering

information components regarding some

relationship, for better association and

capacity. For example, we have data

player’s name “Virat” and age 26. Here,

“Virat” is of String data type and 26 is of

integer data type.

We can organize this data as a record like

Player record. Now we can collect and

store player’s records in a file or database

as a data structure. For example: “Shane

Warn” 30, “Sachin” 31, and “Sehwag” 33.

In simple language, data structures are

structures programmed to store ordered

data, so that various operations can be

performed on it easily.

Sorting Sorting is only capacity of data in sorted

request, it can be in climbing or diving

request. The term Sorting comes into

picture with the term Searching. There are

such a large number of things in our

genuine that we have to inquiry, similar to

a specific record in database, move

numbers in legitimacy list, a specific

phone number, a specific page in a book

and so on.

Sorting masterminds information in a

succession which makes looking simpler.

Each record which will be sorted will

contain one key. Taking into account the

key the record will be sorted. For instance,

assume we have a record of understudies;

each such record will have the

accompanying information:

Roll no

Name

Age

Class

Here, student roll no. can be taken as key

for sorting the records in rising or diving

request. Presently assume we need to seek

a student with roll no. 15, we do not have

to seek the finish record we will basically

look between the students with roll no. 10–

20.

Sorting Efficiency There are numerous systems for sorting.

Usage of specific sorting procedure relies

on circumstance. Sorting methods

fundamentally relies on upon two

parameters. To start with parameter is the

execution time of program, which implies

IJDS (2016) 10-14 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved


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Categorical Study of Nature Inspired Algorithms in the Various

Domains

S. Goel1*

, S. Sinha2, V.K. Panchal

3

1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Computer University School of California, USA

2Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NSIT Delhi University, New Delhi, India

3DTRL, DRDO, Govt. of India, New Delhi, India

ABSTRACT

Now a days there researchers have shifted their interest from the classical algorithm to new

concept of Swarm Intelligence/ Nature Inspired Algorithms. Nature being the powerful

paradigm such diversified providing the researcher scope to discover as many new algorithm

such as Ant Colony Optimization based on the behaviour of ant to Pigeon Optimization based

on the behaviour of Pigeon. But the issues coming in here is which algorithm can be used in

a given problem definition. Authors in this paper have attempted to present an abstract view

of the successful use of these algorithms in a given environment. This is done based on the

research survey performed on the basic characters of each algorithm mentioned. Also, the

author has attempted to classify these algorithms into Time-Space Variant and Time-Space

Invariant.

Keywords: complexity, swarm algorithm, time-space variant and time-space invariant

INTRODUCTION

Computational Intelligence (CI) is the

study of Population Based Stochastic

Optimization Techniques, modelled on the

behavioural aspects in decentralized

system. It is the set of various nature

inspired Computational methodologies and

approaches to address complex real-world

problems to which traditional approaches,

i.e., first principles modelling or

explicit statistical modelling, are

ineffective or infeasible. Many real-life

problems are not considered to be well-

posed problems mathematically, but nature

provides many counter examples of

biological systems exhibiting the required

function, practically. We are going to

detailed algorithms which comes under the

category of CI, will study their

characteristics and discuss its paradigm of

applicability.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES

Research in Computational Intelligence

has gone far beyond neural networks (NN),

fuzzy systems (FS) and evolutionary

computation (EC), the current

development in research such as Agent

Behaviour shows that Computational

Intelligence is entering the second golden

phase. The aim of this paper is to bring

together the study of the new upcoming

algorithm which can help the academic

institutions and R&D Research Labs,

working in the related fields. These new

algorithms in CI can be applied to various

field such as image processing, computer

vision, motion analysis and machine

learning. Different advancements in these

techniques have resulted in wide

applicability of Algorithms in varied

domains. Researches shows that many

population based algorithms has the ability



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Data Structure and Its Multiple Uses in Computer Science

Tejus Dhoble* Department of Computer Science, ITM Gwalior, India

ABSTRACT

This paper reconsiders the uses of information structures connected with field of software

engineering furthermore with awesome importance in fulfilling the elements of operating

framework and enhancing the throughput by asset use. There is a measure of crucial

multifaceted nature in sorting out/handling the information and documents exhibit in

framework. No beast constrain methodologies can minimize and show it so effortlessly by

receiving to the non-synchronized system of capacity and administration, yet it can be put

with the goal that it doesn't act as a burden and it's additionally straightforward. The best

such place is an information structure. Information structures have numerous applications in

the range of framework improvement, information base outline, programming coding and PC

systems. The proficiency of utilizing information structures as a part of performing different

working framework employments are investigated in detail with cases. In the region of

software engineering training, Algorithm perception is the most mainstream device utilized,

while showing information structure to college understudies. Utilizing this apparatus

understudy can without much of a stretch comprehend idea of information structure and see

outwardly how different operations performed on this information structure. This paper

introduces an overview on different representation device utilized as a part of the writing

from 2001 to 2013. Different innovations used to create it, their advantages in learning

information structure, constraints, year of production and their creators.

Keywords: algorithm, data structure

INTRODUCTION

Information might be composed in various

ways. The legitimate or numerical model

of a specific association of information is

known as a "Information structure". An

effective information model is required to

sort out the information. The decision of

specific information display relies on upon

two contemplations. Firstly it must be

sufficiently rich in structure to reflect

genuine connections of information in

certifiable and on the other hand, the

structure ought to be sufficiently basic that

one can viably prepare information when

fundamental. This paper concentrates on

the applicational parts of different

information structures with pertinence to

the field of software engineering and

likewise to framework programming like

working framework and their trial in

playing out its operational assignments.

The information sorted out with

information structures are prepared by

method for specific operations. The

conclusive activity of picking a specific

information structure for a given

circumstance depends generally on

recurrence with which particular

operations are performed. The most

usually performed operations on

information structures incorporate

crossing, seeking, embeddings, erasing and



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Editorial Note: Importance of Data Structure in Different Fields

of Computer Science

Manisha Agnihotri Department of Electricals and Electronics, SIT Devas, India

Data structure is a specific way of

accumulating and arranging information in

a computer system, so that it can be

fetching and used most efficiently.

There are so many kinds of data structures

for different kinds of applications. The

data structure is very helpful for writing

program in any language.

If you have good understanding of data

structure, then you can store and organize

data very easily.

With the help of this, you can manage

more data in the main memory in such a

way that the insertion, deletion of data is

very easy.

Data structures are very important for the

following reasons:

1. Data structures are used in every

program or software system.

2. Specific data structures are essential

part of many algorithms, manages the

huge amounts of data, such as

large integrated collection of

databases.

3. Some programming languages

highlight data structures, rather than

algorithms, as the key organizing

factor in software design.

There are basically two types of data

structure:

1. Primitive Data Structure: The concept

of handling the primitive data types

likes integer, float, Boolean, etc. in

efficient way.

2. Non-Primitive Data Structure: The

concept of handling the complex data

types likes linked list, tree, graph etc.

in efficient way.

Data Structure is very important for

different disciplines of computer science.

With the help of this, we can perform

different functions like resource allocation,

job scheduling, context switching within

the process etc. The least difficult

approach to comprehend a data structure is

to view it as a system for catching data that

is conveniently kept together. To a great

many people who have any PC

programming background, the primary

information structure that strikes a chord is

in the type of a table where the lines

compare to articles where every section

speaks to a diverse bit of data of a specific

sort for the protest connected with the line.

At the point when the majority of the

segments are of a similar sort, then we

have a cluster information structure. As a



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Data Structures and Its Importance – Research Insight

Ankita Singh


BACKGROUND

Data structure is a procedure of storing and

organizing data in a computer, to be

retrieved later for use. They are important

for the many reasons. Data structures are

utilized in nearly every software system,

they are essential constituents of many

efficient algorithms, managing large

integrated collection of databases,

programming languages, and in software

design. Algorithms too, are not far behind.

They are step by step procedures to

accomplish a task. By developing a good

understanding of algorithms, we can

choose the right decision for a problem

and apply it properly. We use algorithms

to find the shortest or the best path to

travel from one location to another

(Google Maps).There are many

applications of algorithms in the modern

world – weather forecasting, finding

structural patterns and cure diseases,

inventing games and so on. The latest

example was developing a highly complex

algorithm for a space probe that helped

Indian scientists to reach Mars efficiently,

at minimum costs.

ALGORITHMS NEXT BIG THING

THAT CAN CHANGE THE WORLD

Ii is predicted that in the next 5 years,

about one million new devices will come

online hourly, making uncountable new

interconnections and relationships, and

producing excessive data. However, these

relationships will not be driven by data,

but by algorithms. Data vary a simple. It

does not do anything until you know how

to use it and employ it. In reality,

algorithms are tools that define action.

Dynamic algorithms are the center of new

customer interactions.

The founder of the big data firm stated that

links, relationships and algorithms are

shaping the future of business, not big

data. If someone is still stuck to big data,

then he is missing the conceptual point and

opportunities, he added. The most famous

websites and services work their magic by

making calculations in the cloud using

dynamic algorithm.

For instance, Netflix suggests what you

should watch by monitoring what you

have watched, and what other people have

watched what you have. The grand finale

for the algorithmic economy is alluring.

Empowered customers and businesses get

when and what they want, without the time

lags and vexation of old world

applications.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE JUST

GOT SMARTER

A team of scientists from Massachusetts

Institute of Technology have designed

learning program that can identify and

draw handwritten characters after viewing

them only a few times, exactly like

humans. And it does it so well that people

cannot tell the difference. This marks a

major milestone in developing powerful

computer programs and artificial

intelligence. Though computers are great

at storing and processing data, they’re less

than A1 students. An average 4-year-old

could grasp basic concepts quicker than

the most sophisticated program. However,

handwritten characters are appropriate for

comparing human and machine learning.

They are both often used as a reference

point for comparing learning algorithms.

International Journal of

Data Structures

IJDS JUL–DEC 2016

Mechanical Engineering

Electronics and Telecommunication Chemical Engineering

Architecture

Office No-4, 1 Floor, CSC, Pocket-E,Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, New Delhi-110091, India


¬ International Journal of Thermal Energy andApplications

¬ International Journal of Production Engineering¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

and Design¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Materials Processing¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Automation

« International Journal of Radio Frequency Design« International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology« International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies« International Journal of Digital Electronics« International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Signals

« International Journal of Housing and Human SettlementPlanning

« International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning

« International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning Development

« International Journal of Town Planning and Management

Applied Mechanics

5 more...

1 more...

2 more...2 more...

5 more...

Computer Science and Engineering « International Journal of Wireless Network Security« International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis« International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices« International Journal of Software Computing and Testing« International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms

Nanotechnology« International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology« International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures« International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences

Physics

« International Journal of Renewable Energy and itsCommercialization

« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry« International Journal of Agrochemistry« International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

Civil Engineering« International Journal of Water Resources Engineering« International Journal of Concrete Technology« International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis« International Journal of Construction Engineering and

Planning

Electrical Engineering« International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits« International Journal of Automatic Control System« International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives« International Journal of Electrical Communication

Engineering« International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and

Circuits

Material Sciences and Engineering « International Journal of Energetic Materials« International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials« International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology« International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical

Engineering

Chemistry « International Journal of Photochemistry« International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry« International Journal of Green Chemistry« International Journal of Chemical and Molecular

Engineering

« International Journal of Electro Mechanics andMechanical Behaviour

« International Journal of Machine Design andManufacturing

« International Journal of Mechanical Dynamicsand Analysis

« International Journal of Fracture and damageMechanics

« International Journal of Structural Mechanicsand Finite Elements

5 more...4 more...

3 more...

Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and

Biomaterials« International Journal of Plant Biotechnology« International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology« International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules« International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and

Applications3 more...

Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing« International Journal of Neurological Nursing« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing« International Journal of Oncological Nursing

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International Journal of Data Structures Vol 2 Issue 2

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