IN TER N A TIO N A L H EA LTH A G EN C IES

PRESENTED BY:PURNIMA RADESH

UN,s specialized agency for health established on April 7,1948.• Its objectives as set out in its constitution is “the attainment of

highest level of health by all people”• Governed by 192 members through WORLD HEALTH

ASSEMBLY

Principles of WHO:•Health of all people is fundamental to attainment of peace and security and is depended upon the fullest co operation of individuals and states.•Achievements of any state of promotion and protection of health is of value to all•Unequal development in different countries in the promotion of health and control of disease especially communicable disease is a common danger

•Informed opinion and active cooperation on the part of the public areas of utmost importance in improvement of the health of people.•Governments have a responsibility for the health of their people which can be fulfilled only by the provision of adequate health and social measures.

Functions of WHO:•To act as the directing and coordinating authority on international health work.•To establish and maintain effective collaboration with united nations ,specialized agencies government health administrations professional groups.•To provide/assist in providing upon the request of the nation, health services and facilities to special group such as people of trust territories.•To stimulate and advance work to eradicate epidemic, endemic and other disease•To promote maternal and child health and welfare and foster the ability to live harmoniously in changing environment.•To assist in developing an informed public opinion among all health matters.•To established and revise us necessary international nomenclatures of diseases, of causes of dental and of public health services.

Washington DC

Congo

CairoNew Delhi

Manila

Copenhagen

Regional centers' of World Health Organisation

UNITED NATIONS RELIEF AND REHABILITATION ADMINSTRATION(UNRRA) 1943

General purpose of organising recovery from the affects of world war II. It has health care to care for the health of millions of displaced persons, to restore and help services and to retrieve the machinery for interchange of information on epidemic diseases.•Outstanding work of preventing the typhus•World renouwned campaign for eradication of malaria from sardinia was begun as joint effort of UNRRA,the rockfeller foundation and italian government.•1946 UNRRA terminated is offficial existence and its health activities and finicial assets were taken by interim commission of WHO-Major share went to UNICEF

INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AGENCIES

• CONTENTS:• INTRODUCTION• GLOSSARY• HISTORY• PAN AMERICAN SANITARY BUREAU• OFFICE INTERNATIONAL D’ HYGIENE PUBLIQUE• HEALTH ORGANISATION OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS• UNITED NATIONS RELIEF AND REHABILITATION ADMINISTRATION• ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION• WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION• US AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT• UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL CHILDREN’S EMERGENCY FUNDS• SWEDISH SAGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND COOPERATION• RED CROSS

•Nothing is more important on earth than good health. •Throughout the history diseases and ill health have remained as burden •and liability to the society, nation and world at large social, technological•And environment factors continue to have dramatic effects on overall health of the population world wide.•They have also facilitated the emergence of new diseases and reemergence of old ones.•Modern demographic and ecological condition favours the spread of infectious and non infectious disease

Main Objective of International Health Organisation are:Control and management of epidemics and communicable diseases affecting more than one country – includes excludes exchange of information on incidence of epidemic diseases and existing for uniformity in quarantine regulation procedureExchange of health information and experience at international level.International standardization of preparation vital statistics and banned drugs etc.Coordinated combined research and assistance to research programmes on specific problems common to many nationHelping and assisting underdeveloped countries in training the health staff medical planning so as to manage and the control the epidemics.International health in case of disasters and also consideration for control of drug addiction.

Glossary:

•International Health: also called geographic health or global health, is a field of health care , usually with emphasis dealing with health across regional or national boundaries.

•Quarantine: is used to separateand restrict the movement of well persons who may have been exposed to a communicable disease to see if they become ill. The word comes from italian quarantena meaning forty day period.

Pan American Sanitary Bureau (PASB 1902)

•PASB established in 1902,america it was primarily intended to contribute and coordinate quarantine procedures in states.•World’s 1st international health agency•It was reorganised in 1947 and was called Pan American Sanitary Organisation•1949-seemed as WHO regional office for Americas.•1958-changed to Pan American Health Organisation

Office International d’ hygiene publique (1907)In 1907 generally known as Paris office was created to discriminate information on communicable diseases and to supervise international quarantine measures60 countries joined OIHP giving it an international character , but was later taken over by WHO in 1959.

INTERNATIONAL RED CROSS AND RED CRESCENT MOVEMENT

World’s largest humanitarian network with presence and activities in almost every country. The movement incorporates the Geneva based international committee of red cross and the international federation of red cross and red crescent societies as well as national societies in 178 countriesImmediate and long term needs and include programme and services address:•Emergency shelter food and medicine•Water sanitation•Restoring family contact for disaster victims•Disaster preparedness•Community based health and activities•First aid training and activities•HIV /AIDS prevention•Blood donor recruitment, collection and supply•Youth recruitment and volunteer activitiesPromotion of humanitarian values is an intrinsic part of all red cross and red crescent activities.

The Rockfeller Foundation is a US based global philanthropy committed to enriching and sustaining, the lives and livelihoods of poor and excluded people throughout the world.•Rockfeller foundation is a knowledge based global foundation with a commitment to enrich and sustain the lives and livelihoods of poor and excluded people throughout the world.•Improvement of opportunities for poor people.•Use of knowledge for generating new and harnessing existing knowledge to addressing the complex and difficult challenges.The Rockfeller Foundation is a global foundation viewing poor people’s challenges with a global perspective.

Swedish agency for international development and cooperation is a government agency under the ministry for foreign affair.•To contribute to making it possible for poor people to improve their living conditions.•Sida works independently within the framework laid down by swedish parliament and government •Its head office is in sweden has its 50 field offices in different countries

UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL CHILDREN’S EMERGENCY FUND believes that the protection of children is crucial to their survival, health and well being.•UNICEF believes that everyone has responsibility to see that children are safe and work with individual civic group government and the private sector to help create protective environment for them particaption in HIV prevention among young people.•Involving communities and families in UNICEF supported health and child development programme•Empowerment of girls and pursuit of gender equality•Life sl\kills based education for HIV prevention and promoting health human rights and peace.•It uses opportunity of immunization to deliver other life saving services•Bringing children's rights to centre of public policy

November 3,1961 president John F. Kenndey established US Agency for international development. 1st foreign assistance organization whose primary emphasis was on long range economic and social development assistance effort.Objectives:•Economic growth , agriculture trade•Global health•Democracy•Education and training•Global patnership•Eniviroment•Humanitarian assistance in more than 100 countries.USAID operates in 26 countries in asia , middle east and north africa. It faces many challenges including terrorism, instability, an exploding youth population ,high empowerment, corruption, poor systems, HIV/AIDS and enviromental degradation

HEALTH ORGANISATION OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS(1923)•The league of nation was established after world war I (1914-1918) to build a better world .it included health organization to take steps in the matters of international concerns for prevention and control of diseases.• it branched out into matters such as housing and rural

hygiene.• Training public health workers and the standardization of

certain biological preparations• Analyzed epidemiological information received and started a

series of periodical epidemiological reports , now issued by WHO

History:

In past individual rulers and states used to place barriers against infection by detection and isolation of incoming travellers.In 14 th century ‘a procedure known as quarantine was introduced in europe, to protect against the importation of plague.Ships,crews, travellers and cargos suspected of harbouring infection were detained for a period. This idea was that the passsage of time would give dormant disease to manifest itself or die out.This was the origin of international health work, which was adopted and practised in many countries by adopting different quarantine procedures.

Lima called as yellow jack was the signal flag which when flown in harbor means ship is under quarantine