International Dimensions of Digital Science and Scholarship

International Dimensions of Digital Science and ScholarshipInternational Dimensions of Digital Science and Scholarship

Address to the American Association of Research Librariesand the Canadian Association of Research Libraries

18 May 2006, Ottawa, Canada

Deanna B. MarcumAssociate Librarian for Library Services

Library of Congress, Washington, DC

July 2005 MeetingJuly 2005 Meeting

Bibliometric AnalysisBibliometric Analysis

Identified papers authored jointly by

researchers in the U.S. & other countries

Collaborations of U.S. & U.K. researchers

had grown faster than those of the U.S.

with any other G8 country

U.S./U.K. joint research papers had “a

significantly greater impact factor”

To Be Expected?To Be Expected?

Researchers with the most resources and

motivation will overcome difficulties in

collaboration over a distance

International research projects are likely

to be larger than others, and therefore,

most often cited

British Group Refined StudyBritish Group Refined Study

Prominent Scientific Journals

". . . U.K.–U.S.A. collaboration does appear to add value, with collaborators combining their talents to achieve benefits they could not have done alone."

". . . U.K.–U.S.A. collaboration does appear to add value, with collaborators combining their talents to achieve benefits they could not have done alone."

". . . the U.S.A., as the world's largest research economy, is the preferred partner for international research partnerships and makes a significant contribution to the leading-edge performance of collaborating nations."

". . . the U.S.A., as the world's largest research economy, is the preferred partner for international research partnerships and makes a significant contribution to the leading-edge performance of collaborating nations."

Report FindingsReport Findings

Promoting transatlantic research does not

require “expensive artificial incentives to

collaborate”

Significant cooperation between scientists

in the U.K. and the U.S. already exists

RecommendationsRecommendations

Establish protocols between U.K.

research councils and U.S. funding

agencies to aid with collaboration “in

areas of shared priority.”

“Partnerships for International Research

and Education”

Additional CollaborationsAdditional Collaborations

Digital Technology Digital Technology

Digital Library ProjectsDigital Library Projects

More RecommendationsMore Recommendations

More digitization of both primary and

secondary sources to “underpin

collaborative research”

“Build effective and sustainable virtual

research communities”

Mass Digitization ProjectsMass Digitization Projects

National Library CollaborationsNational Library Collaborations

More Collaboration NeededMore Collaboration Needed

Develop scholarly exchange programs

Develop a critical mass of resident fellows

Enhance creative interaction between

visiting scholars and research-active

curatorial staff

New Collaborations are StartingNew Collaborations are Starting

Up to 20 British scholars will be funded to

spend up to 9 months doing research in

the Library of Congress





Interaction with LC Kluge scholars






BL to develop a visiting scholar program






BL to develop a visiting scholar program

U.K.’s Joint Information Systems

Committee to fund effort to digitize

materials for scholars

New Academic ProgramNew Academic Program

To inform and encourage digitization work

Bruce Cole (NEH) leads the U.S. side of

transatlantic steering group

Clive Field (BL) chairs joint digitization

activity

Collection DevelopmentCollection Development

Libraries currently investing in digitization

and licensing of databases/e-resources

Developing digital repositories for

preserving and providing access to

scholarly products created by faculty

May 2, 2006 - Senate Bill 2695May 2, 2006 - Senate Bill 2695

Fed. Research Public Access Act of 2006

Agencies providing grants for non-classified

research, performed within universities,

healthcare services, and other groups

11 agencies likely: Depts. of Agriculture,

Commerce, Defense, Education, Energy,

Transportation, Homeland Security, HHS,

NSF, EPA and NASA

Senate Bill 2695, cont.Senate Bill 2695, cont.

Researcher who receives federal

assistance, resulting in a published paper

in a peer-reviewed journal, must provide

an electronic copy to the funding agency

Agency would be required to preserve the

work in a repository and provide free

public access to the content within six

months of publication

NIH PolicyNIH Policy

Senate Bill Endorsed By . . .Senate Bill Endorsed By . . .

Association of Research Libraries (ARL)

Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL)

Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries (AAHSL)

Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC)

Senate Bill Opposed By . . .Senate Bill Opposed By . . .

Association of American Publishers (AAP) fearing loss of sales

If the bill does become law, NLM and NAL, among others, may become more deeply involved in developing scientific research repositories—libraries, using digital technology to expand access

Access to Products of ResearchAccess to Products of Research

Bibliographic ControlBibliographic Control

New approaches are needed for providing

and guiding access to digital content

New access structure, focused on

delivery, not of bibliographic information

information, but of

content, itself

Bibliographic Control, cont.Bibliographic Control, cont.

Libraries developed cataloging initially as

a means of fostering access; initially, they

were a great innovation!

21st Century Developments21st Century Developments

Creation of digital resources has

accelerated, as has development of

search

services

Library of Congress' RoleLibrary of Congress' Role

Instrumental in fostering current set of

bibliographic controls

Plays active role in development and

maintenance of cataloging policies

Provides bibliographic information

to libraries around the world

New DirectionsNew Directions

Rethink our bibliographic infrastructure

Redesign our services and products

focusing on needs of our users

Streamline our processes to make the

library’s resources more quickly and

conveniently accessible

Bicentennial ConferenceBicentennial Conference

ChallengesChallenges

Small changes in bibliographic system at

LC could produce tremors nationally and

internationally

We all need to collaborate on developing

a workable new system based on

…access to content

rather than

…access to description

More Challenges . . .More Challenges . . .

Internet model allows anyone to be a

publisher and increases content mass




Priority of preserving of oral histories





Digital & traditional preservation balance






Humanities/Social Science vs. Sciences







Management of collaborative efforts







Management of collaborative efforts

Retraining and repositioning work force

Next StepsNext Steps

Work collaboratively

Serve Scholarship

Adapt and Change

International Dimensions of Digital Science and Scholarship

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