International Charter: Space and Major Disasters...International Charter ‘Space and Major...

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’ International Charter: Space and Major Disasters Dr. N K Shrivastava ([email protected]) Former Charter Executive Secretariat Member Dy. Director, ISTRAC/ISRO (Retd.) Bangalore, India UNESCAP Training Workshop Kathmandu Nepal 30-31 Oct 2017

Transcript of International Charter: Space and Major Disasters...International Charter ‘Space and Major...

Page 1: International Charter: Space and Major Disasters...International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’ As of December 21, 2016 –517 Charter Activations2000-2016 Distribution of

International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

International Charter: Space and Major Disasters

Dr. N K Shrivastava

([email protected])

Former Charter Executive Secretariat Member

Dy. Director, ISTRAC/ISRO (Retd.)

Bangalore, India

UNESCAP Training Workshop

Kathmandu Nepal

30-31 Oct 2017

Page 2: International Charter: Space and Major Disasters...International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’ As of December 21, 2016 –517 Charter Activations2000-2016 Distribution of

International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

• Limitations of ground-based systems for immediate & precise assessment of the disasters.

• Space based Disaster Management System (DMS) provides precise, unbiased, synoptic and timely information on the nature and impact of the disaster affected areas - extent of damage.

Space System for Disaster Management

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

FLOOD

MAP

DROUGHT

MAP

DAMAGE

MAP

HAZARD

ZONES

RISK

MAP

Space for

Observation and

Connectivity

Leading to Decision and Action

Observation for Information and

Knowledge

Disaster Warning, Vulnerability

Assessment, Emergency Communications, ...

DMS - Space enabled Products & Services

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Need for International Co-operation

No single space agency can provide imaging capability to meet

the spatial and temporal requirements of different types of

disasters.

Important Parameters for Disaster Imaging:

▪ Turn - Around-Time

▪ Resolution

▪ Coverage

▪ Specific Imaging Sensors

(Different space sensors (Thermal, Microwave, Optical) required for Different

Disasters (Fire, Floods, EQ).

Hence the need for a Global System for disaster management, supported by multi-satellite and multi-imagingcapabilities

This led to setting up of ’International Charter: Space and Major Disasters’

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

World’s first coordinated multi-satellite operational Setup

for emergency response

Introduced at Space Assembly (UNISPACE III) in 1999

ESA & CNES and later Joined by CSA

Operational from Nov 1, 2000

Currently 16 Global Agencies are members

Satellite imagery provided at no cost to the user

Over 17 years, the Charter has had a large fleet of satellites,

tools & techniques developed to help support end-to-end

needs of disaster managers.

About the Charter

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Purpose

An International Agreement among Space Agencies

to support with space-based data and information

for relief efforts in the emergencies caused by major

Disasters, on Humanitarian ground at no cost.

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

The Charter scope:

Immediate Response only

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Charter Members

CSACanada

NOAAUSGSUSA

CONAEArgentina

CNESFrance

Europe ESAEUMETSAT

ISROIndia

JAXAJapanCNSA

China

KARIKorea

ROSCOSMOSRussia

INPEBrasil

UKSA/DMCUK

DLRGermany

ABAEVenezuela

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

The International Charter executes priority tasking of

different EO missions in a rapid fashion; it is designed to

address major disasters caused by:

Natural events Man-made events

Floods Oil spills

Earthquakes Industrial

Accidents

Forest Fires

Landslides

Tsunamis

Ocean storms

Volcanic eruptions

Disasters Types Supported

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Authorized Users (AU) Globally

Typically civil protection agencies, governmental relief organizations,

or other authorities with a mandate related to disaster management

Countries with Authorized Users(April 2016). Today 58 AUsfrom 50 countries and the European Commission (EC).

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

MEMBER AGENCY MISSION PLANNING

DISASTER

ESA

CNES

CSA

USGS

NOAA

UKSA/DMC

JAXA

CNSA

CONAE

ISRO

DLR

INPE

KARI

EUMETSAT

ROSCOSMOSAUTHORIZED USER (AU)

ON-DUTY OPERATOR (ODO)

EMERGENCY ON-CALL OFFICER (ECO)

VALUE-ADDED

PROVIDER (VAP)

PROJECT MANAGER (PM)

END USER (EU)

Charter Operational Loop

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Activation Distribution

(520+ in 120+ Countries)

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’ As of April 8, 2016 – 486 Charter Activations

Activations by Disaster Type

Earthquake11%

Landslide4%

Volcano6%

Oil spill3%

Others2%

Fire6%

Flood/Ocean wave51%

Ice/Snow hazard1%

Storm/Hurricane16%

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

1

11

1518

21

25 25

45

40 40

51

32

4038

4138

36

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

November 2000 to December 2016: 517 Charter Activations

Number of Activations

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

As of December 21, 2016 – 517 Charter Activations

2000-2016 Distribution

of Activations by Hazard Type

*Includes solid earth related phenomenon of a tsunami.

**Includes all wind type storms (hurricane, cyclone, typhoon and tornado).

0

5

10

15

20

25

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Earthquake

Landslide

Volcano

Oil spill

Others

Fire

Flood/Oceanwave*Ice/Snowhazard

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Mechanisms to Activate the Charter

• Direct activation: ‘Authorized Users’ (AUs), all member space agencies and

Countries approved by Charter Board, these are typically civil protection

agencies, governmental relief organizations, or other authorities with a

mandate related to disaster management.

• Activation via an Authorized User on behalf of a user from another

country without AU: Authorized Users can access the Charter to request

support for a disaster in another country with which they cooperate for relief

purposes.

• Activation via the UN for UN users: The Charter has an agreement with UN

OOSA (Vienna) and UNITAR/UNOSAT (Geneva) to provide support to UN

agencies, may submit requests on behalf of users from the United Nations.

• Activation for Asia Pacific users via Sentinel Asia: Sentinel Asia is a

regional collaboration for satellite based emergency response in Asia Pacific.

Since 2009 the Charter has granted the Asian Disaster Reduction Centre the

right to submit activation requests on behalf of national users of Sentinel Asia.

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West Bengal Floods – 2017Satellite based Study

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

• During the last week of July 2017

heavy rains were reported in several

parts of Burdwan, Murshidabad,

Hugli, West Medinipur, East

Medinipur, Birbhum and Howrah

districts in West Bengal. It has been

also reported that the most affected

areas include Ghatal in West

Medinipur, Pursura, Arambagh and

Khanakool in Hugli and Amta and

Udaynarayanpur in Howrah.

• The second wave of flood in the

north Bengal happened due the

heavy rainfall which happed during

the 3rd week of August. The

maximum flood inundation was

observed during the 17-18 of

August.

Flood Events In West Bengal during July and August 2017

Page 19: International Charter: Space and Major Disasters...International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’ As of December 21, 2016 –517 Charter Activations2000-2016 Distribution of

International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Satellite image indicates the

recession of flood inundation as

on 1-Aug-2017

About 17% of

Udaynarayanpur block

and 28% of Amta-1 block

were inundated

South Bengal FloodsSatellite Observations

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Flood Map

North Bengal

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Land Use / Land Cover

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Floods in Bangladesh –Aug 2017

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Floods in Bangladesh –Aug 2017

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Floods in Bangladesh –Aug 2017

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Floods in Sri Lanka –May 2017

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Floods in Sri Lanka –May 2017

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Earthquake in Nepal –April 2015

Requestor: China National Committee for

Disaster Reduction on behalf of disaster

emergency management agency in China.

End User: MHA & ICIMOD (Nepal), NDRF &

MHA (India), DFID (UK), COGIC (France), THW

(Germany), EMERCOM (Russia), NGA and

USGS (USA)

Description of the Event: A 7.8 magnitude

earthquake struck Nepal at 11:56 (local time) on

25 April 2015. The devastating earthquake has

killed over eight thousand people in Nepal, and

more than 70 in neighbouring India. The

earthquake has been described as the worst

disaster to affect Nepal in 80 years and the latest

reports list a total of 7566 casualties, with twice

that number injured. More than eight million

people are affected by the earthquake.

Data: Pleiades, Resurs-P, RADARSAT-2,

TerraSAR-X, Landsat-8, RapidEye, Worldview1,

Worldview2, GeoEye-1, Sentinel-1, GF1, ISS,

RADARSAT-2, DMCii, CARTOSAT-1,

CARTOSAT-2, RISAT-1, Resourcesat-2, LISS-3,

LISS-4, AWIFS, ALOS-2, KOMPSAT-2,

KOMPSAT-3, VRSS-1, ASTER and Theos-1.

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

South Asia Satellite

➢ Launched on 5th May 2017 by India

➢ Coverage over Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan,

Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Maldives and India

➢ Applications: Broadcasting and telecommunication

applications in member countries

• Emergency Communication during disaster • Television/Direct-

to-Home channels • VSAT services • e-governance & banking •

cellular backhaul • Tele-medicine & Tele-education • Secured

Hotline • Applications of common interest etc..

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International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’

Conclusion

➢Charter is an Excellent Collaboration among space agencies and private

entrepreneurs to make space based resources available for planning,

monitoring & assessment of disaster relief operations.

➢ It has Improved its Resources over the years: new Space Agencies joining

as Charter partners, new satellites have been progressively integrated into

the ‘Charter constellation (16 Space Agencies)

➢ The Charter provides a «one-stop shop» for civil protection and emergency

organizations at No Cost

➢ The Charter deals with the Immediate Response Phase only

➢ It is growing: 520+ disasters covered since 2000 in over 120+ countries

worldwide.

➢ The Charter is now opening its doors even wider with Universal Access, and

is available to National Disaster Mangement Agencies to benefit non-member

countries.

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International CharterSpace and Major Disasters

www.disasterscharter.org

Thank You!

Emergency enquiries from users requiring direct access to Charter resourcesshould be addressed to:

[email protected]

General requests for informationshould be addressed to:

[email protected]