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Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties

K Warne

For FULL presentation click HERE >> www.warnescience.netSAMPLE ONLY

• Two different types of bonds occur in water.

• Intramolecular– Between hydrogen

atoms and oxygen atoms inside the molecules Covalent bonds

• Intermolecular– Between two

different water molecules Hydrogen bonds

Intermolecular forces

O+

-H

HO+ -

H

H

O+

-

H

HSAMPLE ONLY

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Molecular solids

Iodine - I2

Strong covalent bonds

Weaker intermolecular bonds

Covalently bonded molecules held together by weaker intermolecular bonding.

PROPERTIES

• Low melting points

• Brittle

• Soluble in non-polar solvents

• Non - conducting

SAMPLE ONLY

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Intermolecular Forces

Hydrogen Bonds

Ion-dipole

Ion-induced Dipole

Van der Waals Forces

Dipole-dipole Dipole-induced Dipole

Momentary Dipole (London)

BO

ND

STR

EN

GTH

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IMF vs Mp & BpHalogenX2 (diatomic)

Molecular

Mass (Mr g.mol-1)

Mp / Bp (oC)

FlourineF2 pale yellow gas

19 x 2 =

38 -220 / -188

ChlorineCl2 pale green gas

35.5 x 2 =

71-101/ -35

BromineBr2 red volatile liquid

80 x 2 =

160-7 / 59

IodineI2 purple solid - sublimes

127 x 2 =

254114 / 184

Mp

& B

p in

crea

ses

with

SIZ

E

and

mol

ecul

e M

AS

S

. .: X .

. .

. .: X .

. .

SAMPLE ONLY

Viscosity• Viscosity is a measure of how

thick (viscous) and sticky a liquid is.

• Viscosity reduces the ability of a liquid to flow.

• Liquids that flow readily (water) have a low viscosity.

• Viscosity is a function of (depends on) the attractive forces of the molecules of the liquid.

• Strong forces – high viscosity• Temperature also greatly affects

viscosity: as temperature increases, viscosity decreases.

Kinetic energy enables particles to overcome forces.SAMPLE ONLY

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Hi…

This is a SAMPLE presentation only.

My FULL presentations, which contain a lot more slides and other resources, are freely available on my resource sharing website:

www.warnescience.net(paste into your browser if link above does not work)

Have a look and enjoy!

Keith Warne

WarneScience