Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 1

INTERFEROMETRIC SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR:

A Promising New Tool for Network-Wide Transportation Infrastructure Monitoring

Lecture 4: Summary of Currently Available Satellite Sensors, Service Providers, and Software Packages

Instructor: Franz J Meyer; University of Alaska Fairbanks

Contact: fjmeyer@alaska.edu

TRB 95TH ANNUAL MEETING WORKSHOP 879

January 14, 2016

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 2

SAR SERVICE PROVIDERS YOUR ALL-IN-ONE SOLUTION FOR SAR INTEGRATION

Funded by USDOT Commercial Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Program

Disclaimer: The views, opinions, findings and conclusions reflected in this presentation are the responsibility of the authors only and do not represent the official policy or position of the USDOT/OST-R, or any State or other entity.

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 3

List of SAR Service Providers

• Note: – SAR Remote Sensing is a growing market, hence, the list and specializations of

SAR Service Providers is constantly changing/growing.

– Please consider the attached list as a starting points. It contains most of the SAR service providers currently operating in the U.S.

– We do not claim completeness nor do we endorse specific companies.

• SAR Service Provider List as compiled by VDOT:

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 4

List of Service Providers

• 3vGEOMATICS, Vancouver, B.C., Canada

• ALTAMIRA INFORMATION, Barcelona, Spain

• amec Environmental & Infrastructure, Phoenix, AZ

• BOS Technologies, LLC, Miami Lakes, FL

• CGG, Houston, TX

• GAMMA Remote Sensing, Guernlingen, Switzerland

• Hansje Brinker, San Mateo, CA

• MDA Corporation, Vancouver, B.C., Canada

• NHAZCA SLR (Natural Hazards Control and Assessment), Roma, Italy

• Neva Ridge Technologies, Boulder, CO

• sarmap SA, Purasca, Switzerland

• TRE (Telerivelamento Europa), Milan, Italy & Vancouver, B.C., Canada

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 5

SAR and InSAR Research

• SAR and InSAR Research is conducted at a large number of universities world wide. Here a list of some U.S.-based contacts:

– F. J. Meyer; Radar Remote Sensing Lab; University of Alaska Fairbanks

– H. Zebker; Radar Remote Sensing Lab; Stanford University

– S. Wdowinski & F. Amelung; Geodesy and Seismology; University of Miami

– D. Perissin; College of Engineering; Purdue University

– T. Oommen; Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences; Michigan Tech

– R. Lowman & M. Pritchard; Earth & Atmospheric Sciences; Cornell University

– D. Sandwell & Y. Fialko; Scripps; University of California San Diego

– Z. Lu; Department of Earth Sciences; Southern Methodist University, TX

– M. Simons; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences; CalTech

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 6

SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS FOR THE DO-IT-YOURSELF COMMUNITY WITH ENTRY-LEVEL EXPERIENCE

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 7

Available SAR Data Processing Tools

Non-Expert User Expert User

Fre

ely

availab

le

Co

mm

erc

ial

SAR Focusing

SAR Filtering

SAR Geocoding/GTC/RTC

Polarimetric SAR

Interferometric SAR

ROI_PAC (JPL)

ISCE (JPL/Stanford)

DORIS (U Delft, NL)

GMTSAR (Scripps)

MapReady (ASF)

Sentinel-1 Toolbox (ESA)

PolSAR Pro (ESA)

GlobalSAR

SARScape

Photomod Radar

GAMMA RS

GIAnT (JPL/Stanford)

SARPROZ

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 8

Non-Expert Free Software Packages

• MapReady (https://www.asf.alaska.edu/data-tools/mapready/) – Available from:

– Sensors

• ERS-1 (ASF & ESA format), ERS-2 (ASF & ESA format), Radarsat-1 (ASF format), ALOS PALSAR

– Capabilities

• Conversion of SAR data to Geotiff and JPG format

• Data Visualization

• Geocoding

• Terrain Correction (Geometric and Radiometric)

• Some Polarimetric tools

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 9

Non-Expert Free Software Packages

• Sentinel-1 Toolbox (https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/toolboxes) – Available from: European Space Agency (ESA)

– Sensors

• ERS-1, ERS-2, ENVISAT ASAR (all ESA format), Radarsat-1, Radarsat-2 (MDA format), ALOS PALSAR, Sentinel-1

– Capabilities

• Conversion of SAR data to Geotiff and JPG format and kmz format

• Data Visualization

• Geocoding (not for PALSAR)

• Terrain Correction (Geometric and Radiometric) (not for PALSAR)

• InSAR processing

• Some Polarimetric tools

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 10

Get DEM Data

• For RTC and GTC, DEM information is required

• NEST is automatically downloading DEM data during processing

• For MapReady, DEM data needs to be provided by the user

• Free Access to DEM data is available through EarthExplorer (http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/)

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 11

AVAILABLE SAR SENSORS & MEANS OF DATA ACCESS

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 12 Strait of Singapore – TerraSAR-X StripMap – © Astrium Services / Infoterra GmbH

The Timeline of Past, Current, and Future SAR Sensors

The Legacy:

SEASAT

1978 ‘91-2011

ERS-1/2

‘02-2012

ENVISAT

‘02-2012

ALOS-1

The Now:

TanDEM-X

2007 2007

COSMO-

SkyMed

2007

Radarsat-2 ALOS-2

2014 2014

Sentinel-1

Radarsat-1

‘95-2013

The Future:

SAOCOM

2015

NISAR

2019 2020

BIOMASS

2018

RCM

2015

PAZ SAR

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 13

Sentinel

Current and Future SAR Satellites

Future Present Day

Historical Analysis

2000

C-b

an

d

X-b

an

d

L-b

an

d

Monitoring

Cosmo-SkyMed 1st and 2nd generation

RADARSAT-2

TerraSAR-X & TanDEM-X 11

8

12

14

12

8

12

4-17

Revis

it time

(da

ys)

ALOS2

P-b

an

d

PAZ SAR

RCM

SAOCOM

NISAR

BIOMASS

Courtesy: A. Ferretti, TRE; modified version

14

Future Radar Systems have Operational Character

• Sentinel-1 (2014 - 2021): First SAR satellite with operational mission

– Regular reliable observation according to operational requirements

– Imaging all landmasses, coastal zones and shipping routes every six days

– Specifically designed for InSAR

15

Future Radar Systems have Operational Character

NISAR (2020):

• Full global coverage with every cycle

• Rapid commanding & rapid data delivery for hazard monitoring

• Specifically designed for InSAR

Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 16

Resolution vs. Spatial Coverage

• Medium (10m-class) resolution large-coverage systems: – Sensors: Current: ALOS-2; Sentinel-1; RADARSAT-2

Future: SAOCOM; NISAR; RCM; BIOMASS

– Transportation Infrastructure-Related Applications:

• Monitoring of background stability (e.g., subsidence; slopes)

• Assessing impacts of hazards (flooding; earthquakes)

• Large-scale (e.g., countywide) analysis of network stability

• High (1m-class) limited-coverage resolution systems: – Sensors: Current: TerraSAR-X; TanDEM-X; COSMO-SkyMed constellation

Future: PAZ SAR; COSMO-SkyMed 2nd Gen

– Transportation Infrastructure-Related Applications:

• Assessing stability of individual installations (e.g., bridge motion)

• Detecting of localized infrastructure threats (sinkholes; small landslides)

• As most X-band systems are high-res: Monitoring of road surface health

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 17

Resolution and Measurement Accuracy

Effect of Resolution on Deformation Measurement Accuracy

C-band X-band

Effect of Resolution on SAR Image Content

Medium resolution (C-

band) SAR

High resolution (X-band)

SAR

Courtesy: A. Ferretti; TRE

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 18

Free of Charge vs. Commercial

• Free of charge data: – Current: Sentinel-1

– Future: SAOCOM (partly); NISAR; BIOMASS; RCM; PAZ SAR (?)

• Commercial data: – Current: TerraSAR-X; TanDEM-X; COSMO-SkyMed Constellation

– Future: COSMO-SkyMed 2nd Gen

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 19

Data Access to SAR Data

Mission(s) Region Costs Data Access Requirements

ERS-1/2, Envisat

USA Free and open ASF Proposal to NASA

Worldwide Free and open ESA Earthnet

Online data: Open

Restrained data:

Proposal to ESA

Sentinel-1A/B Worldwide Free and open ESA & ASF User registration

ALOS PALSAR

Americas/Antarctic

Free and open

ASF

User registration Europe, Africa, Greenland ESA Earthnet

Asia PASCO, JP

Australia PASCO, JP

ALOS-2 Worldwide Science users: free

Commercial users: $$$

Science: AUIG

Commercial: PASCO

Science: Proposal to

JAXA (look here)

TerraSAR-X,

TanDEM-X Worldwide

Archived: free

New science: $100 – 200

Commercial: $$$

Science: TS-X / TD-X

science server

Commercial: Airbus

TSX or TDX Proposal

to DLR

COSMO-SkyMed Worldwide Archive free (science use)

Commercial: $$$

Science: ASI

Commercial: e-GEOS

Science: Proposal to

ASI

Radarsat-1/2

USA/Canada Free R-1 until 2009 ASF Proposal to NASA

Worldwide $$$ (R2 & R1 after 2009) McDonald Dettwiler If lucky check for free

data here

Excellent additional resource for information on current and future SAR sensors: eoPortal Directory

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 20

Other Ways To Get To SAR Data: The WInSAR Consortium

• Western North America Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Consortium (WInSAR) (http://winsar.unavco.org/) – Free data access to WInSAR holding for members (UAF is a member; I am the representative (so

come to me))

– Mostly interested in monitoring tectonic motion

– Data from ERS-1/2, Envisat ASAR, TerraSAR-X, Radarsat

– Beyond these data holdings, WInSAR also manages TerraSAR-X and ALOS-2 data for its users

WInSAR ESA holdings (ERS;

Envisat)

WInSAR EarthScope Holding

(ERS; Envisat)

WInSAR EarthScope Holdings

(RADARSAT-1)

Franz J Meyer, UAF – Sensors, Systems, Services

TRB 2016 – Workshop 879 - 21

Further Workshop Agenda:

• Are there any questions?

• Remaining Workshop Agenda: 5. A. Moruza, VDOT: Application of Net Present Benefit Analysis to InSAR Monitoring

6. F.J. Meyer, UAF: Workshop Summary, Links to Data and Further Reading Material

7. E. Hoppe, VDOT: Questions and Answers, and Final Remarks