Interactions in the Ecosystem Habitats & Niches Evolution.
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Transcript of Interactions in the Ecosystem Habitats & Niches Evolution.
Interactions in the Ecosystem
• Habitats & Niches• Evolution
Essentials for LIFE1.Food2.Water3.Climate4.Reproduction5.Shelter
Habitat1.Provides essentials for life.
2.Size
Niche1.Role of an organism in the ecosystem
2.The organism’s habitat3.What the organism does with its habitat.
Biotic Factors 1.Food sources2.Predation3.Competition
Abiotic Factors1.Temperature2.Sunlight3.Water4.Time of day/night.
Competition1.If two species try to share the same niche they will compete for limited resources.
2.Members of the same species are adapted to the same niche.
What happens when there is competition
for a niche?
1.One species moves2.Competitive exclusion (extinction due to competition for a resource)
Fundamental NicheA niche without limits from
competition or predation.
Ex Atlanta, Georgia, USA, the world
Realized Niche•The niche actually used by an organism.
•It is limited by competition for resources or predation.
•It’s a way of coping with species interaction.
PredatorAn organism that actively
hunts other organisms.•Decreases the population size
of their prey. • Increasing diversity
EX lions, shark, eagle, etc.
What might happen if all the carnivores
were removed?
AdaptationOrganisms respond to a
changing habitat.
EvolutionChange in a population
over time.
Specialized species
•Narrow niche•Vulnerable to extinction
•Cannot respond to changes
Convergent evolution
•Con = (with, together)•Two different species adapt similar traits due to living in similar habitats.
Ex bats and birds
Can you think of any defenses
we’ve adapted to survive a
changing habitat?