Interaction Between Interaction Between SystemsSystems

1. Cells within the human body require 1. Cells within the human body require oxygen to function properly and oxygen to function properly and produce carbon dioxide as a waste produce carbon dioxide as a waste product.  Which body systems are product.  Which body systems are responsible for maintaining this responsible for maintaining this balance?balance?

A.A. endocrine and excretory endocrine and excretory B.B. circulatory and respiratory circulatory and respiratory C.C. digestive and skeletal digestive and skeletal D.D. muscular and circulatory muscular and circulatory

2. How do the human respiratory and 2. How do the human respiratory and circulatory systems work together to circulatory systems work together to meet the body's needs?meet the body's needs?

A.A. The heart pumps oxygen into the The heart pumps oxygen into the lungs. lungs.

B.B. The lungs pump oxygen into the heart. The lungs pump oxygen into the heart.

C.C. The heart pumps blood into the lungs. The heart pumps blood into the lungs.

D.D. The lungs pump blood into the heart. The lungs pump blood into the heart.

3. The digestive system prepares 3. The digestive system prepares food to be transported by the food to be transported by the circulatory system by —circulatory system by —

A. breaking food into molecules A. breaking food into molecules

B. exchanging food for oxygen B. exchanging food for oxygen

C. using food to repair heart tissue C. using food to repair heart tissue

D. turning food into blood cellsD. turning food into blood cells

4. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition 4. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition caused by excess pressure on a nerve in the caused by excess pressure on a nerve in the wrist.  It occurs when the muscles in the hands, wrist.  It occurs when the muscles in the hands, wrist and arms are kept tense and the motions of wrist and arms are kept tense and the motions of the hands are repetitive for long periods of time.  the hands are repetitive for long periods of time.  People who type with poor posture are more People who type with poor posture are more likely to have CTS than other people.  The likely to have CTS than other people.  The symptoms include tingling and numbness in the symptoms include tingling and numbness in the hand, pain, and a weak grip. Which body systems hand, pain, and a weak grip. Which body systems are most affected by carpal tunnel syndrome?are most affected by carpal tunnel syndrome?

A.A. nervous and muscular nervous and muscular

B.B. muscular and skeletal muscular and skeletal

C.C. circulatory and nervous circulatory and nervous

D.D. circulatory and skeletalcirculatory and skeletal

HomeostasisHomeostasisFeedback MechanismsFeedback Mechanisms

Objective: The student will Objective: The student will identify key feedback systems identify key feedback systems

and tell how they work to and tell how they work to regulate the body.regulate the body.

Homeostasis or equilibrium Homeostasis or equilibrium means to keep means to keep balancebalance within within

an organism.an organism.

Examples of homoeostasis: Body temperature can’t be too hot or cold. 98° F is perfect!

Blood pressure can’t be too high or low.

Blood sugar levels can’t be too high or low.

Your body has to keep the Your body has to keep the inside inside stablestable no matter what is no matter what is happening on the outside.happening on the outside.

TemperatureTemperature A steady body A steady body temperature is important for temperature is important for homeostasis. Temperatures homeostasis. Temperatures

that are too high or too low that are too high or too low can be _______. can be _______.

_____ F is _____ F is perfect!perfect!

fatal98°98°

What happens to the body if the outside temperature is 102° F ?

We sweat!

Sweat evaporates from our skin, cooling us down.

11stst – –We ShiverWe Shiver, this makes our , this makes our muscles produce heat.muscles produce heat.

22ndnd – –Goosebumps formGoosebumps form, skin , skin pores close up trapping in pores close up trapping in heat.heat.

33rdrd- - Hair Stands upHair Stands up, helping to , helping to hold in heat.hold in heat.

What happens if the outside temperature is 32° F? What does the body do to keep the internal temperature in balance?

FeverFever What causes us to have a What causes us to have a fever?fever?

When bacteria or a virus attacks our When bacteria or a virus attacks our bodies we sometimes begin to run a bodies we sometimes begin to run a fever. The fever _fever. The fever ____________ or body _ or body temperature and creates a hostile temperature and creates a hostile environment that can _______________ that environment that can _______________ that are making us sick. are making us sick.

raiseskill the germs

Which organ systems are key Which organ systems are key in in temperature temperature

homeostasis?homeostasis?

SKIN! Integumentary System

BRAIN! Nervous System

Vomiting and DiarrheaVomiting and Diarrhea

SOMETIMES people have eaten food SOMETIMES people have eaten food that has spoiled or have bacteria that has spoiled or have bacteria that have entered their bodies. This that have entered their bodies. This is the bodies response to is the bodies response to ______________ of harmful substances.______________ of harmful substances.

rid the body

B) B) Blood PressureBlood Pressure – – Blood pressure affects Blood pressure affects how the blood how the blood flowsflows throughout the body. throughout the body. Specialized cells within Specialized cells within the arteries are sensitive the arteries are sensitive to changes in blood to changes in blood pressurepressure..

When blood pressure rises When blood pressure rises

and falls, and falls, hormoneshormones are are released and they released and they

send signals send signals to the brain. to the brain.

The brain then sends messages for The brain then sends messages for the blood vessels to make the walls the blood vessels to make the walls of the arteries of the arteries largerlarger or or smallersmaller. This . This allows the blood to flow through the allows the blood to flow through the veins more easily. veins more easily.

When blood pressure is too high, the When blood pressure is too high, the hormones signal the body to hold more hormones signal the body to hold more waterwater. The extra water makes the blood . The extra water makes the blood thinner so the blood thinner so the blood flowsflows more easily more easily through the bodythrough the body

Once the blood pressure Once the blood pressure

becomes becomes balancedbalanced again, again,

the circulatory system goes the circulatory system goes

back to normal. back to normal.

Which organ systems are Which organ systems are important important

for blood pressure for blood pressure homeostasis? homeostasis?

Circulatory System

Nervous System

Endocrine System (hormones)

Blood Sugar Blood Sugar ––When we eat, theWhen we eat, the glucoseglucose (sugar)(sugar)

concentration in our blood rises. When concentration in our blood rises. When bloodblood

sugar levels sugar levels riserise too high, a hormone too high, a hormone calledcalled

insulin is released from the pancreas to insulin is released from the pancreas to breakbreak

down the sugar.down the sugar.

Insulin converts glucose into a form Insulin converts glucose into a form that the liver takes in and stores. As that the liver takes in and stores. As blood sugar levels blood sugar levels dropdrop, the hormone , the hormone called glucagon is released from the called glucagon is released from the pancreas. Glucagon turns stored pancreas. Glucagon turns stored

sugar into glucose for sugar into glucose for

the body to then use. the body to then use.

This constant release This constant release

of hormones keeps the of hormones keeps the

body’s glucose levels body’s glucose levels

in in balancebalance. .

Which organ systems are Which organ systems are important important

for blood for blood sugar sugar

homeostasis?homeostasis?

Digestive System

Circulatory System

Endocrine System (hormones)

Feedback Mechanisms are how the body stays in balance.

1.1. Sweat glands are found in human skin. Sweat glands are found in human skin. These glands release sweat to help the These glands release sweat to help the body cool during exercise. What would body cool during exercise. What would MOST LIKELY happen during exercise if a MOST LIKELY happen during exercise if a person’s sweat glands were NOT person’s sweat glands were NOT functioning?functioning?

A)A) The body would become overheated.The body would become overheated.

B)B) More sweat would be released.More sweat would be released.

C)C) The upper layer of skin would become The upper layer of skin would become thicker.thicker.

D)D) More hair would grow on the skin.More hair would grow on the skin.

Harmful bacteria enters a person’s body Harmful bacteria enters a person’s body through contaminanted food. As a result, through contaminanted food. As a result, the person vomits. This response MOST the person vomits. This response MOST likely fight infection by ----likely fight infection by ----

A) forcing bacteria to leave the body.A) forcing bacteria to leave the body.

B) killing the bacteria with stomach acids.B) killing the bacteria with stomach acids.

C) creating new cells to hunt and kill bacteria.C) creating new cells to hunt and kill bacteria.

D) keeping the bacteria away from other D) keeping the bacteria away from other peoplepeople

How does the body respond to How does the body respond to dehydration?dehydration?

A)A) Raising body temperatureRaising body temperature

B)B) Increasing breathing rateIncreasing breathing rate

C)C) Producing less urineProducing less urine

D)D) Sweating more oftenSweating more often

Cells in a person’s body begin to take in Cells in a person’s body begin to take in large numbers of sugar molecules from large numbers of sugar molecules from the bloodstream. They store the the bloodstream. They store the molecules for future use. A person with molecules for future use. A person with this type of cellular activity has MOST this type of cellular activity has MOST likely just -----likely just -----

A)A) Gone to sleepGone to sleep C) stopped walkingC) stopped walking

B)B) Finished a mealFinished a meal D) begun to D) begun to exerciseexercise

How does exercise How does exercise affect the circulatory affect the circulatory and respiratory and respiratory systems? Follow the systems? Follow the directions on the back directions on the back of your paper to of your paper to explore how these explore how these two systems work two systems work together. together.

Homeostasis & ExerciseHomeostasis & ExerciseInteraction Between the Circulatory and Respiratory SystemsInteraction Between the Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

With your partner, you will determine your at rest breathing rate With your partner, you will determine your at rest breathing rate by counting the number of breaths you take in 15 seconds. You will by counting the number of breaths you take in 15 seconds. You will then do jumping jacks for 1 minute. Immediately following the then do jumping jacks for 1 minute. Immediately following the jumping jacks, you will again count the number of breaths you take jumping jacks, you will again count the number of breaths you take in 15 seconds. You will then take a 5 minute break. After the 5 in 15 seconds. You will then take a 5 minute break. After the 5 minutes you will again count the number of breaths you take in 15 minutes you will again count the number of breaths you take in 15 seconds.seconds.

Get with a partner and begin!