Intelligent Efficiency

Conference

3A Integrating Nanogrids and Microgrids

into the Modern Grid

Kurt Roth, Fraunhofer Center for Sustainable

Energy Systems

SUNDIAL

Track A: Integrating Distributed

Resources

energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot

An Integrated SHINES System Enabling High Penetration Feeder-Level PV

Kurt Roth, Ph.D.

ACEEE Intelligent Energy ConferenceDecember 6, 2016

energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot 9

High Penetration PV is:

Sources: Steward Health Care, Thermofab, Wikimedia Commons.

Rated PV Power = Peak Facility Loads

energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot10SHINES Kickoff Meeting 2016

10

Challenge: PV Intermittency

Source: Curtright and Apt (2008).

Power ramps up to 50% of peak output in one

minute

energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot

1

1

Challenge: Solar Surplus on Sunny Spring Days

0

250

500

750

1,000

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Ho

url

y kW

h

Hour

April 24Facility [kWh]

PV Production [kWh] • Worcester, MA climate

• “Typical” April 24th

• Big Box Retail (simulated)

• PV = 1,000 kW

• Building Peak = 1,000 kW

• Thigh = 73oF

Sources: DOE/OpenEI, Fraunhofer

calculations.

energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot

1

2

The Solution: Storage + Integrated optimized system control

• 1MW of Managed Loads

• 1MW of PV Solar

• 0.5/1.0MWh of storage

Sources: National Grid, Steward Health Care, Wikimedia Commons.

energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot

1

3

Solution: Mitigate Solar Surplus

• Mix of C&I facilities

• PV = 1,000 kW

• Building Peak = 1,000 kW

• July 21, 2015

Sources: DOE/OpenEI, Fraunhofer

calculations.

energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot

1

4

Architecture – Major Components

BATTER

Y

STORA

GE

PLANT

MASTER

CONTROLLE

R

C&I

FACILITY

LOAD #1

C&I

FACILITY

LOAD #2

C&I

FACILITY

LOAD #3PV ARRAY +

Inverter (1MW)

FEEDER

energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot

1

5

Architecture – Major Components

BATTER

Y

STORA

GE

PLANT

MASTER

CONTROLLE

R

C&I

FACILITY

LOAD #1

C&I

FACILITY

LOAD #2

C&I

FACILITY

LOAD #3PV ARRAY +

Inverter (1MW)

FEEDER

energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot

1

6

Architecture – Major Components

BATTER

Y

STORA

GE

PLANT

MASTER

CONTROLLE

R

C&I

FACILITY

LOAD #1

C&I

FACILITY

LOAD #2

C&I

FACILITY

LOAD #3PV ARRAY +

Inverter (1MW)

FEEDER

SUNDIAL

GLOBAL

SCHEDULER

UTILITY & ISO

COMMUNICATIONSWEATHER

FORECAST

energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot

1

7

Architecture – Major Components

BATTER

Y

STORA

GE

PLANT

MASTER

CONTROLLE

R

C&I

FACILITY

LOAD #1

C&I

FACILITY

LOAD #2

C&I

FACILITY

LOAD #3PV ARRAY +

Inverter (1MW)

FEEDER

SUNDIAL

GLOBAL

SCHEDULER

UTILITY & ISO

COMMUNICATIONSWEATHER

FORECAST

FACILITY LOAD AGGREGATION & MANAGEMENT ENGINE (FLAME)

energy.gov/sunshotenergy.gov/sunshot

1

8

SunDial: A Vision for Integrating Hundreds of GW of Solar

SunDial Objectives

• Create extensible framework to readily integrate loads, storage, and PV

• Test and pilot business models and market mechanisms to enable high PV penetration

Market Transformation: A transparent, low-friction market for storage / solar integration on the feeder level

• Flexible with respect to markets: multiple use cases, vendors, and business models

• Potential T&D deferral

• Avoided system upgrades

• Virtual Power Plant , etc.

• Flexible with respect to asset location, ownership, and type

Year-long Demonstration Project