intelligent building

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

Intelligent Buildings

- a short overview

Kjeld Svidt

November 2002


What ?

• Example

• http://www.letsautomate.com/

http://www.letsautomate.com/


What is an intelligent building?

• Intelligent buildings are buildings that through their physical design and IT installations are responsive, flexible and adaptive to changing needs from its users and the organisations that inhabit the building during it's life time. The building will supply services for its inhabitants, its administration and operation & maintenance. The intelligent building will accomplish transparent 'intelligent' behaviour, have state memory, support human and installation systems communication, and be equipped with sensors and actuators.

Per Christiansson (2000)


Intelligent building characteristics (1)

1. be flexible and responsive to different usage and environmental contexts such as office, home, hotel, and industry invoking different kinds of loads from nature, people, and building systems,

2. be able to change states (clearly defined) with respect to functions and user demands over time and building spaces (easy to program and re-program during use)

3. support human communication (between individuals and groups)

4. provide transparent intelligence and be simple and understandable to the users (support ubiquitous computers and networks)




5. have a distributed long term and short term memory

6. contain tenant, O&M, and administration service systems

7. support introduction of new (sometimes not yet defined) services

8. be equipped with sensors (stationary and mobile) for direct or indirect input and manipulation of signals from users, systems and the building structure

9. be equipped with actuators for direct or indirect manipulation installations and the building structure




10.accomplish 'intelligent' behaviour (self diagnosis, trigger actions on certain events and even learn from use)

11.integrate different IBI systems to form complex systems

12.contain IBI life time standardized solutions as far as possible

13.be well documented (in 3D with functional descriptions) available in Virtual Reality with physical structure overlay




14.provide canalization (information roads) that shall house 'wires' carrying new services

15.be able to handle high band width information transfer.

16.provide dynamic secure information domains (i.e not based on a non-routed Ethernet in a residential block)

17.be open to efficient communication between applications based on for example XML implementations (Christiansson 1998), and platform independent solutions as Jini on Java Virtual Machines, (see http://www.sun.com/jini)


http://www.sun.com/jini


Intelligent Building history (1)

• 1980 – Yoneji Masuda writes the book 'Information Sociey' about changes in

society, infornation and knowledge industries, participatory democracy, examples from Japan.

• 1982 – AT&T establish the concept "INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS" due to

marketing reasons.

– The INFORMART building is erected in Dallas

• 1984-85 – The Smart House Development USA (NAtional Association of Home

Builders, NAHB).

– 'Automated Buildings', 'High Tech. Buildings', 'Smart Houses'.

– STS, Shared Tenants Services (using PABX, private automatic branch exchange, is an automatic telephone switching system within a private enterprise)--->

– CSM, Communication Service Management.



• 1986: Seminar in Lund

– man/machine environment poor

– lack of knowledge

– information vulnerability

– flexibility requirements

– no holistic problems view

– coordination and procurement forms not adequate

– lack of standards



• 1987

– N.Y. Times "I.B. is a dumb idea".

• 1990

– LonWorks technology work starts

• 1999

– Bluetooth wireless communication

– LonWorks use • Home Automation, 15%

• Industry Automation, 35%

• Building Automation, 35%

• Transport, etc.., 15%


Systems

• ”Traditional” systems

– proprietary systems

– complex cabling

• Fieldbus systems

– reduced cabling

– standardisation

– higher accuracy


Fieldbus examples

• LON

• CAN

• Profibus

• Fieldbus Foundation

• P-net

• ASI

• Interbus


Major IBI systems in DK

• LON (Local Operating Network)

• EIB (European Installation Bus)

• IHC (Intelligent House Control)

• Other systems

– BAC-net (Building Automation and Control Network

– TCP/IP


LON Technology

• LonTalk protocol

– optimised for control networks

• Neuron Chip

– microprocessor with integrated network support

• Other

– network transceivers

– routers

– software


The LON Neuron


The LON House


LONWorks Advantages

• Scalable system

– Plug and play devices

• Distributed intelligence

• Peer to peer communication

• Many physical transmission media

supported

• Free topology (Ref: Hertel 2002)

intelligent building

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