Intelligence - Prof Tarek Okasha

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Intelligence (ءا ك الذ) Professor Professor Tarek A. Okasha A. Okasha Professo r of r of Psychiatry Okasha Institute of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Secretary for Scientific Meetings World Psychiatric Association

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revesion course, egyptian fellowship 20-1-2013

Transcript of Intelligence - Prof Tarek Okasha

Page 1: Intelligence - Prof Tarek Okasha

Intelligence

Professor Professor Tarek A. Okasha A. Okasha(الذكاء)

Professor of r of Psychiatry

Okasha Institute of Psychiatry

Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University

Secretary for Scientific Meetings

World Psychiatric Association

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Definition

Intelligence:Is the general ability to solve intellectual problems on the basis of past learning and present grasp of essentials

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Intelligence Quotient (IQ)الذكاء معدل

Mental Age

________________________ X 100

Chronological Age

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Growth of Intelligence نموالذكاءIncreases steadily and progressively to age of 13 or 15 then more slowly to the age of 16 or 18

Constancy Intelligence الذكاء ثباتIQ is constant with fluctuations of 5–10 points

Intelligence between Environment and HeredityEnvironment can enrich IQ up to 20-30 points

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Distribution of Intelligence

Genius Over 140

Superior IQ 120 - 140

Above average IQ 110 - 120

Average IQ 90 - 110

Below average IQ 80 - 90

Borderline IQ 70 - 80

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Distribution of Intelligence

60% of the population 90 -110

15% of the population 110 -120

15% of the population 80 -90

5% of the population > 120

5% of the population < 80

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100 110 1209080

Average Intelligence

Above AverageBelow

Average

Superior IQBorderline

IQ

MR Genius

60%15%5% 15% 5%

70 140

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Composition of Intelligence

1. Verbal comprehension

2. Word fluency

3. Numbers

4. Perceptual

5. Reasoning

6. Rote memory

7. Spatial comprehension

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Intelligence tests

For children1. Stanford Binet Scale (2-18 years)2. Wechsler Pre-school intelligence

scale (up to 5 years)3. Wechsler Intelligence scale for

children (5-15 years)4. The coloured progressive matrices5. Goodenough draw a man test6. Portus Mazes

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Intelligence tests

For adults1. Wechsler adult intelligence scale

(WAIS) (16-64 years)

2. Progressive Matrices

3. Primary mental abilities

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Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

A) Verbal scales (6 categories)1. Information

2. Comprehension

3. Arithmetic

4. Similarities

5. Digit span

6. Vocabulary

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Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

B) Performance scales (5 categories)*1. Digit symbol2. Picture completion3. Block design4. Picture arrangement5. Object assembly

*scored for speed and accuracy

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Group differences in intelligence

Men Vs Women

Black Vs White Vs Yellow

City Vs Village children

Occupation of the father

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Uses of Intelligence tests

Educational purposes

Vocational guidance

Level of intellectual deterioration

Intellectual improvement

Social and intellectual harmony between spouses

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Reliability الثباتConsistency of measurement.

(test gives similar results with same person at different times)

Validity الصدق Positive correlation of the test with its purpose.

(actually measures what is needed to be measured)

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Mental Retardation“Generalized Learning Disability”

Represents nearly 5% of the population

Mortality rate is high

Many co-morbid physical illnesses

Better called “Generalized Learning Disability”

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Mental Retardation“Generalized Learning Disability”

Type % IQ Prognosis

Idiot

المعتوه5 Below 25 Non educable

Non trainable

Imbecile

األبله20 25 - 50 Trainable

Moran

األهوك70 50 - 80 Trainable

Educable

Borderline

بينى البين5 80 - 90 Life in simple

environment

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Mental Retardation“Generalized Learning Disability”

Type % IQ

Profound MR 5 Below 20

Severe MR 20 20 - 34

Moderate MR 20 35 - 49

Mild MR 50 50 - 69

Borderline 5 80 - 90

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IQ and school success

IQ and occupation

Role of Compensatory education?

Is National Intelligence Declining?

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Abilities القدرات Achievement االنجاز The actual ability and can be measured directly by the use of tests

Aptitude القدرةThe predictable ability and can be measured by specially devised tests.

Capacity االستعداد The potential ability and can be known indirectly from the unequal achievement of individuals who have equal intensive experience and training.

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Abilities القدراتIdiot Savants (Talented idiots)

Arithmetical prodigies

Reading disability (dyslexia)

Divergent ThinkingFluency

Mental shift

Emotional Quotient (EQ)

العاطفي الذكاء