Intel® Architecture for MAG

Applications(Military – Aerospace - Government)

Michael Vierheilig

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Intel may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice. Designers must not rely on the absence or characteristics of any features or instructions marked "reserved" or "undefined." Intel reserves these for future definition and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts or incompatibilities arising from future changes to them. The information here is subject to change without notice. Do not finalize a design with this information.

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Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications and before placing your product order. All products, computer systems, dates, and figures specified are preliminary based on current expectations, and are subject to change without notice

• Any code names featured are used internally within Intel to identify products that are in development and not yet publicly announced for release. Customers, licensees and other third parties are not authorized by Intel to use code names in advertising, promotion or marketing of any product or services and any such use of Intel's internal code names is at the sole risk of the user.

• Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology requires a computer system with a processor supporting HT Technology and an HT Technology-enabled chipset, BIOS and operating system. Performance will vary depending on the specific hardware and software you use. For more information including details on which processors support HT Technology, see here

• Intel® Turbo Boost Technology requires a PC with a processor with Intel® Turbo Boost Technology capability. Intel® Turbo Boost Technology performance varies depending on hardware, software and overall system configuration. Check with your PC manufacturer on whether your system delivers Intel® Turbo Boost Technology. For more information, see http://www.intel.com/technology/turboboost

• Performance tests are measured using specific computer systems, components, software, operations and functions. Any change to any of those factors may cause the results to vary. You should consult other information and performance tests to assist you in fully evaluating your contemplated purchases, including the performance of that product when combined with other products.

• Performance tests in this presentation were conducted by NA Software*, Ltd., and GE Intelligent Platforms* from 2009-2011. Please see details on the system configuration slides 9, 10, and 43 within this presentation. For more information please see http://www.nasoftware.co.uk/home/attachments/018_PPC_Intel_comparison_whitepaper.pdf and www.nasoftware.co.uk/home/attachments/avx_report3.pdf

• Intel does not control or audit the design or implementation of third party benchmark data or Web sites referenced in this document. Intel encourages all of its customers to visit the referenced Web sites or others where similar performance benchmark data are reported and confirm whether the referenced benchmark data are accurate and reflect performance of systems available for purchase. For more information go to http://www.intel.com/performance

• Intel®, the Intel® logo, and Intel® Core™are trademarks of Intel Corporation in the United States and other countries. *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Copyright © 2011 Intel Corporation.

2

DesktopMobile

Server

DatacenterSolutions

OfficeSolutions Command &

Control

Intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance

Vehicle Electronics

SoldierSystems

TrainingSimulation

RuggedComputers

UnmannedVehicles

CommunicationNetworks

Military/Aerospace/Government Overview

Broad Application Spectrum – One Architecture

Key: Information Advantage

Network Centric Operations

Command and ControlTraining & Simulation

Soldier Systems

Computers

Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance

Unmanned Vehicles

Vehicle Electronics

Communication Networks

Common Architecture: Core to Edge

Tactical Command Center

Battlefield Management

Radar and Image Processor

Control and Communication Modules

Ultra Mobile rugged tables

Rugged Laptops

Rack mount computers

Navigation and Communication

Observation and Identification

Integrated systemPositioning, navigation, targeting and communication

Radar/Sonar

Intelligence (SIGINT, COMINT)

Communication and Networking InfrastructureRouters/Switches/Base Stations

Software Define RadiosFull Mission

Simulators

Flight Training Systems

Aerospace and Defense Applications

Industry Trends Reduce Cost and increase Efficiency

“Let me be clear, the task before us is not to reduce the department’s top line budget. Rather, it is to significantly reduce its excess overhead costs and apply the savings to force structure and modernization.”

“Fourth, there are great benefits to be gained – in cost and

efficiency – from taking advantage of economies of scale. The problem is that too many parts of the department, especially in the information technology arena, cling to separate infrastructure and processes.”

Statement on Department Efficiencies InitiativeThe Pentagon, Monday, August 09, 2010

Commercial, off-the-shelf (COTS)

Technologies

Dr. Robert M. Gates Secretary of Defense

Industry Trends Open Architecture, Modular Systems

“We need to encourage the use of commercial technology. We need to emphasize open design protocols that make systems easy to modify, and we need to adopt service-oriented architectures that will allow vendors to be unable to monopolize systems with proprietary technology. “

“This approach to IT acquisition is already working inside the department. The Navy is applying it to its combat systems on submarines. With the exception of transducers and water-cooled racks, all of the hardware and 60 percent of the software is commercial. With an open architecture, new capabilities can be inserted each time a sub returns to base. A program that began with one submarine has now expanded to them all”

Remarks at the Defense Information Technology Acquisition SummitGrand Hyatt, Washington D.C., Thursday, November 12, 2009

Interoperable, open-architected, Modular

systems

William J. Lynn, III Deputy Secretary of Defense

Industry Trends• DOD focus on cost control and efficiency will result in accelerate adoption of

COTs • Network Centric Operations vision will drive demand for connected

computing• Increased focus on Information Assurance and Cyber Attacks will drive

demand for Intel Security Technologies

System Level Trends

…. Best met with Intel based Solutions

Industry Trends

Meeting the Trends/Requirements/Challenges

MAG Customer Requirements Intel Solutions

Highest Performance/Size-Weight-and Power (SWAP) Industry Leader

Long lifecycle support7 yr Silicon

Availability + Early Access

Stringent security and anti-tamper requirements

Intel Platform Security

Technologies

Ruggedization and Extended Temp. Ecosystem

Mostly RTOS/near real-time applications

WindRiver, Green Hill, LynuxWorks

Security Certifications Ecosystem

Performance Density

Security Technologi

es

Strong Ecosystem

Intel for MAG

Power & Form Factor Optimized

Power Optimized Performance

Performance Optimized

Ultra Low Power

High Performance

Maximum ThermalDesign Power (TDP) 2W-8W 10-35W 38-60W

Highlights• Large L2 Caches • Industry Leading Performance Per Watt• Enhanced Digital Signal and Media

Processing• Ultra Fine-Grained Power Management

... All on one common Architecture

Mobile

12

Consolidated

Intel® Solutions for MAG Applications

Ultra Low power Platform – Typical Applications

Handheld

Solder Wearable System

Robotics

Digital Surveillance

Biometrics

Low Power Platform – Typical Applications

Missile and Fire Control

Tactical communications backbone

Unmanned Vehicles

Radar systems

Sonar systems

LADAR systems

Vehicle Electronics

High Performance Platform - Typical Applications

Ground Station

Radar, Sonar, LADAR

Data/Image Processing

Command Center

Information Assurance

ISR and Unmanned Vehicle System Requirements

Highest possible performance in lowest size-weight-power possible

Image Signal Processing workload

Most systems are highly rugged and compact

High percentage of real-time/near real-time applications

Minimum 7-year product availability

Most stringent security and anti-tamper requirements

Radar

Radar and Image Processor

AWACS

Blades50-100W

Thin Blades, Mezzanines35-50W

Low Power Entry10-20W

Low Power Performance30-45W

ULV / Fanless15-25W

Low Power Value~40W

Full Performance>100W (CPU + Chipset)

Ultra Low Power (LPIA)<5W

Entry Performance (LPIA)8-10W

Com

m N

etw

ork

s

Com

pute

rs

Com

mand &

Contr

ol

Sold

ier

Syst

em

s

Vehic

le E

lect

ronic

s

Unm

anned V

ehic

les

Inte

l &

Reco

n

Train

ing &

Sim

ula

tion

Avio

nic

sAvio

nic

s UX

V

Performance Stack

Platform Technologies

Platform Technologies: Overview

Multi-Core

Intel® Multi-Core

Technology

Intel® VT

Intel® Virtualization Technology

Intel®AMT

Remotely manage the platform,

regardless of OS, apps, disks, CPU,

etc.

Intel®Turbo BoostTechnology

Intel®TXT

Hardware acceleration for platform security

Intel® Active

Management

Technology

Increase performance and reduce power consumption by

dynamically scaling core frequency

Run multiple virtual execution

environments on a single HW platform

Intel® Turbo Boost

TechnologyIntel® Trusted Execution

Technology

Intel®vProTM

Technology

Intel®HT

Performance/Watt - Delivering Power Efficient

Performance

Delivers thread-level parallelism on each

processor.

Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology

Intel® AVX

Intel® Advanced Vector Extension

(Intel® AVX)Improves floating point & vector computation for

media and high performance computing

applications.

Information Assurance andSystem Consolidation

Sensitive information needs to be protected from unauthorized access.

Result: Bulky information systems with multiple devices Duplicated data storage.

Multiple Access levels need unified system with secure information and applications contained within each access level.

Rogue AdministratorsHackers

“Blune Pills”, “Backdoors”

Viruses, Worms

Un-authorized Internal

Challenge: Information Assurance

Information Assurance Model

Replace multiple, purpose-built computers and communications hardware

• Replaces purpose-built operating systems with standard, COTS OSes and applications developed using standard tools

Deploy a single set of COTS platforms that allow multiple security domains to be combined on a single computing platform

• Operating systems, programs, data, and communications run in separate, secure partitions

• Users can access only those partitions for which they have clearance

General Dynamics C4 Systems (Public)

See GD Press Release:http://www.gdc4s.com/news/detail.cfm?prid=298

Intel® Trusted Execution Technology™ (TXT)

Sealed storage for encryption keys, HW/SW configuration policies, etc. -- Helps to enable hardware and software lockdown

Protected launch and registration of operating system and system software

Protected memory areas

MVMM Join

All threads participating

MVMM wakes each RLP for initialization

MVMMInitialization

time

ILP broadcasts SENTER message

Ring 0 process issuesGETSEC [SENTER]

instruction

SENTEREvent

Each RLP issues ACK

MVMMops

SINIT measures VMM, stores VMM measurement, then passes control to the MVMM

InitiatingLogical Processor

(ILP)

Responding Logical Processor (RLP)

SINIT

All ACKs received

ILP continues

AllThreads

ILP loads, authenticates & launches SINIT, ILP

stores SINIT measurement in TPM

Load SINIT & MVMM

SENTERInstr / Event

TPM 1.2PCR 17

PCR 18

Intel® Virtualization Technology™ (VT)

Hardware-based, with new instructions

Multiple independent operating systems and applications share system resources in a controlled manner

Applications and operating systems run independently in protected, isolated environments

MinLight-Weight Virtual Machine Monitor0P

0D

3D…

OS

AppsAppsApps

OS

AppsAppsApps

OS

AppsAppsApps

Memory

Keyboard / Mouse

Graphics

StorageNetwork

Processors

Platform HardwareROOT

NON-ROOT

+

Solution: Intel® Virtualization and Trusted Execution Technology™

Information AssuranceMultiple Levels of Security on a Single Platform

Intel® Virtualization Technology Solution:

Problem:

• Need for information assurance

• Consolidate multiple security level platforms into a single platform

• Create separate domains for all applications and OS’s

• Isolate network traffic and access domains

Top Secret Secret Unclassified

Secret Top Secret Unclassified Optional System Management

App

App

App

App

App

App

App

App

App

App

Linux*

Virtual BOIS/Driver

RTOS

Virtual BOIS/Driver

Windows*

Virtual BOIS/Driver

Unmodified Linux*

Virtual BOIS/Drivers

Middleware Secure Middleware

Light weight-Highly Trusted Separation Kernel (Virtual Machine Monitor)

PhysicalMemory

AssignedDevices

Shared Devices

Cores 0 1 2 3

Non Root Mode

Root Mode

Rin

g 3

Rin

g 0

Rin

g 0

P

Information Assurance

Data or security techniques can not be compromised under any conditions

Note: security classification labels in this briefing are for example purposes and DO NOT reflect any actual classification; all information in this brief is unclassified.

Display Monitor

Windows running in Secret domain

Classification indicators

+Un-authorizedInternal

RogueAdministrators

Industrial

EspionageMission-Critical Data,

High-Value

Intellectual

Property

Viruses,

Worms

“Blue P

ills”

,

“Backdoors

”

Windows* running in Top Secret domain

Information Protection High Assurance (Multiple Security Levels)

Multiple security domains on a single platform

Dis

gru

ntl

ed

Use

rsHackers

Application Convergence

RTOS

Data,Streaming

Voice &Videoover IP

Real-TimeSystem Control,Signal Processing

(VisualEnhancement)

Multi-Core Intel® Architecture withIntel® Virtualization Technology

Thin Hypervisor

GPOS (Windows*,

Linux*)

Non-Real TimeApplications

(Maps, Navigation,

Visibility, etc.)

• Converge communication applications and real-time system control and applications (e.g. maps, navigation) on fewer hardware platforms

• Same reliability packed on less hardware

Application Convergence

Digital Image/Signal Processing

Intel® SSE SIMD performance/watt• For processors based on the Intel Core™ micro-architecture

– Includes all processors branded “Core”, “Core 2” and Xeon® since 2006• Intel Atom™ branded processors also have good SIMD performance per

watt but (not covered here)

• Intel has strong roadmap support for SSE SIMD going forward • 32nm 2nd Generation Intel® Core ™ processors support SSE4.2 instructions • Continually improving performance/watt ratios generation to generation

Intel Advanced Vector Extensions™ (AVX): 256 bit SIMD registers• Older Intel and PPC processors have 128-bit wide registers• Available on 2nd Generation Intel® Core™ processors “(Sandy Bridge” )

SIMD=Single Instruction Multiple Data

SSE=Streaming SIMD Extensions --Intel’s term for an Instruction Set Architecture similar to AltiVec. There have been six extensions to Intel MMX and SSE technologies since they debuted on Intel Pentium® with MMX and Intel Pentium 2 processors.

AVX Reference URL:

http://software.intel.

com/

Why Intel® Processors for Digital Signal and Image Processing?

2nd Generation Intel® Core™ Microarchitecture Highlights

* Not fully pipelined

New in Sandy Bridge

Instruction Fetch & Decode

Scheduler (Port names as used by VTune)

Load

Memory Control1-per-cycle 256-bit floating point multiply, add, and shuffle available

Port 0 Port 1 Port 5 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4

LoadStore AddressStore Address

Store

Data

ALU

ALU

ALUJMP

L1 Data Cache

48 bytes/cycle

Allocate/Rename/RetireZeroing Idioms

AVX FP ShufAVX FP Bool

VI ADD

VI MULSSE MUL

DIV * SSE ADD

AVX FP ADDImm Blend Imm BlendAVX FP MUL, DIV

0 63 127 255

~2X Instruction Fetch B/W

AVX FP Blend, MV

31

Two Load/Store ports, greater instruction fetch bandwidth, and Intel® AVX all serve to increase performance on many image processing algorithms

4-wide instruction pipeline: instructions scheduled across 6 possible execution ports

DSIP Performance

Digital Signal and Image Processing (DSIP) Applications: Software Defined Radio, Radar, Sonar, LADAR, Electronic

Warfare, Signal Intelligence, 2D/3D graphics processing, Wireless BTS, Tactical communications backbone, Unmanned Vehicle

Industry-leading Vector Performance per Watt

other

Performance gains with 2nd Gen Intel® Core™

Timings with graphics rendering turned off; Relative speedup with graphics on is equivalent.

* Note: Arrandale 4 thread timings utilize hyperthreading since only a 2-core version is available. SNB 4-thread timings use all 4 cores. 4C Sandy Bridge’s maximum Thermal Design Power is roughly 12W more than a 2-core Arrandale processor. Please see system configuration information in backup.

N.A. Software*,

Ltd. Algorithm

System

2 Threads (cores)

4 Threads (cores)

Seconds

SAR

Intel® Core™ i7-2710QE with Intel® AVX 1.0

0.059 0.027

Intel® Core™ i5-430M with Intel SSE 4.2

0.135 0.121*

Intel® Core™ i7-2710QE Speed Up 2.3X 4.4X*

SARMTI

Intel® Core™ i7-2710QE with Intel® AVX 1.0

6.03 3.841

Intel® Core™ i5-430M with Intel SSE 4.2

15.197 13.667*

Intel® Core™ i7-2710QE Speed Up 2.5X 3.5X*

Intel Confidential

The Intel® Core™ i5-430M processor (formerly code named “Arrandale”) was released in Q1 2010; the Intel Core i7-2710QE (formerly code named “Sandy Bridge”) was released in Q1, 2011. Sandy Bridge utilizes Intel’s 2nd Generation “Core™” Microarchitecture, including Intel AVX.

Results shown for the 2011 Intel processor formerly codenamed ‘Sandy Bridge’.

Converting Code to AVX

1. VSIPL for IA-32 from NA Software*, RunTime Computing*,

Code Sourcery*, etc

3. PPC Assembler Source to SSE Assembler

)Alpha Release March, 2011(

VSIPL

AltiVec*-based digital signal & image processing portion of application

Intel® Architecture Application

Convert non-DSP code; Tune DSIP code if necessary

Wind River* VxWorks*, Linux*

PPC AssemblyAltiVec.h

Intel® and the Intel logo are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation in the United States and other countries * Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others 35

2. AltiVec.h for IA-32)Released(

How to Migrate from PowerPC* to Next Gen Intel® Architecture

…. test IA easily with help of migration tools

PowerPC* to Intel® Architecture Migration Guide (White Paper)• http://download.intel.com/design/intarch/papers/321079.pdf (Public version)• Check http://edc.intel.com for the private version (share under Intel NDA)

Tools and Support• Translation of PowerPC AltiVec* SIMD Macros to Intel Architecture (SSE and AVX)

http://www.intel.com/p/en_US/embedded/designcenter/migration/powerpc/technical-documents

• Intel Signal Processing Development Kit http://www.intel.com/p/en_US/embedded/hwsw/technology/signal-processing

• IA signal processing performance libraries (VSIPL*) are available from a range of vendors, including

Code Sourcery* http://www.codesourcery.com/vsiplplusplus/benefits.html

Curtiss Wright* Controls Embedded Computing http://www.cwcembedded.com/

GE Intelligent Platforms* AXISLib-AVX http://defense.ge-ip.com/axisdemo

N.A. Software, Ltd* http://www.nasoftware.co.uk/

RunTime Computing* http://www.runtimecomputing.com

VSIPL* For Intel® Architecture

VSIPL performance libraries for Intel® Architecture are available from the following, among others

Code Sourcery*

• http://www.codesourcery.com/vsiplplusplus/benefits.html

Curtiss Wright* Controls Embedded Computing

• http://www.cwcembedded.com/

GE Intelligent Platforms* AXISLib-AVX

• http://defense.ge-ip.com/axisdemo

N.A. Software, Ltd*

• http://www.nasoftware.co.uk/

RunTime Computing*

• http://www.runtimecomputing.com

Tightly Coupled FPGA accelerators (QPI Bus)

Loosely Coupled FPGA accelerators (PCIe)

Intel® and the Intel logo are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation in the United States and other countries* Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others

38

Front Side Bus and PCIe products illustrated with a 4-socket “Caneland” board (2009)

Coupling FPGAs

Strong Ecosystem

Faster Time to Deployment/Money

IPP/MKL

ISV PerformanceLibrariesMathWorks

QuickAssist

OpenCL

TBB, Cilk, icc,VTune

Intel® Core™ processor booting at -54C

Standards based, ruggedized platforms including Extended Temperature Support

Standards RTOS/OSPlatforms Software

Linux* Real-TimeWindows*

NovellWINDOWS DISTRIBUTORS ®

Unparalleled OS Vendor Ecosystem

More info

www.intel.com/go/military

…. Intel Is Setting The PacePe

rform

ance

/ c

ore

Core

Now: Improved upcoming

Intel® microarchitectures

Next: Leapfrog with wide vectorization, ISA

extensions:scalable performance &

excellent power efficiency

Nehalem• Intel® Streaming SIMD Extensions 4 (Intel® SSE4)• Memory latency, BW

• Fast Unaligned support

WestmereAESNI

• Cryptographic Acceleration

Sandy BridgeIntel® Advanced Vector

Extensions (Intel® AVX)

• 2X FP Throughput• 2X Load Throughput

• 3-Operand instructions

Future Extensions• Hardware FMA

• Memory Latency/BW• Many Other Features

NEHALEM: Intel® Core™ i7 Processor, Intel® Xeon® Processor 5500 SeriesWESTMERE: Intel® Xeon® Processor 5600 Series

Summary

Why Intel?

• One Scalable Architecture

• HW based security building blocks from enterprise to edge

• SW and HW ecosystem leads to faster time to market

• Industry-leading performance/size weight and power … and capabilities

• Enhanced Signal Processing and Media capabilities

• 7+ years of product supply to systems integrators

• Industry-specific solution teams

• Trends:

• Network Centric

• COTS

• Consolidation

• Standards

Thank You!

www.intel.com/go/military