Integrative Design for High Performance · Quantity Surveyor Mechanical, electrical, structural,...

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© The GreenAsia Group 2013

October 09 – 10 2013 National Energy Efficiency Conference

Singapore

Integrative Design for High Performance

Reducing Costs, Resource Usage,

Measuring Sustainability & Reporting Effectively to Stakeholders


We reduce capital costs and operating costs for our clients through an integrative design process that

provides triple bottom line benefits:

People Profit Planet

Triple bottom line

What We Do

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The whole systems approach to reducing capital and operating costs

•  High performance design deals with a complex web of interrelated issues

•  This complexity cannot be addressed through a “broad brush-stroke” or single issue approach

•  Efficiency requires “designing out” technical complexity and cost by carefully rethinking, challenging and improving

•  A well-defined, collaborative, integrated multi-disciplinary team process is essential

=


•  Solving a systemic problem requires a holistic approach

•  Systems thinking = holistic approach •  Integrative design uses systems thinking

Whole systems approach

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•  The process of understanding how things influence one another within a whole o  In nature, various elements must work together in ecosystems o  In buildings, all the components that make up the building

must work together

•  Solve ‘problems’ by viewing them as parts of an overall system, rather than reacting to specific parts, outcomes or events o  Piecemeal approach potentially creates unintended

consequences. An improvement in one area of a system can adversely affect another.

o  Small catalytic events can cause large changes in complex systems

•  Focus on cyclical rather than linear cause and effect

Whole systems thinking


•  Most people think that efficient systems are about energy efficient equipment and expensive gadgets.

•  This is like saying that using the best ingredients will ensure a tasty dish.

Courtesy Eng Lock Lee


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•  We use a good recipe

•  The recipe combines the right ingredients…

•  …in the right manner and proportions

But the finest ingredients won't make our dish tasty unless:

Courtesy Eng Lock Lee



•  Big, obvious chunks of meat in the tail and the front claws

• A roughly equal quantity of tasty morsels hidden in crevices, requiring skill and persistence to recover

• Go for both

• Mmmmm!

Courtesy Amory Lovins

Eating the Atlantic lobster

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Fragmentation in design and delivery is a barrier

Source: Roadmap for the Integrated Design Process


•  An iterative process, not a linear or silo-based approach

•  A flexible method, not a formula

•  Different each time, not a preordained sequence of events

•  Oriented to learning, innovation and improvement

Integrative Design Process

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•  IDP is the most effective process for exploring and implementing sustainable design principles on a project while staying within budget and program schedule constraints.

•  The process is essential to achieving high performance (sustainable) buildings while avoiding or minimizing incremental costs

•  Requires a multi-disciplinary and collaborative team

•  Follows the design through the entire project life, from pre-design through occupancy and into operation

•  Can be used for both new and existing buildings. Don’t replicate the old mistakes.

•  LEED/Green Mark is not the same thing as IDP

What is IDP?


Core project team members

Illustration courtesy of Bill Bordass

Architect

Collections Curator

MEP Engineer

Patron

Electrical Engineer

Museum Director

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•  Lack of clear goals during conceptual and schematic design

•  Poor communication resulting in over-sizing systems and redundancies

•  Poor (or NO!) real performance analysis •  Mystery between disciplines

Source: Barbra Batshalom in The Integrative Design Guide to Green Building

Current DIS-integrative, dysfunctional process (1)


•  Lack of value in meetings or activities •  Overlap or gaps in responsibilities •  Silos: decision making happens without collaboration •  Lack of a clear roadmap with milestones and

methods for analysis of results •  Lack of a focus on specific analysis, feedback loops,

and co-solving problems

Source: Barbra Batshalom in The Integrative Design Guide to Green Building


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•  Engineers usually wait to begin designing their systems until the architecture is solidified, for fear that it will change

•  As a result, the engineer spends little or no time focusing on load reductions because very little can be changed at this point!

•  All the engineer can do at this point is make sure his/her equipment selections are optimally efficient

•  Allowances for equipment space may be inadequate

•  Off-the-shelf solutions are frequently selected, instead of optimized interrelationships



IDP Reduces •  CAPEX Ø Complexity, fees and mistakes Ø Over-Design Ø Plant and equipment

•  OPEX Ø Maintenance & replacement

costs Ø Exposure to energy price

variability Ø Equipment malfunctions

•  Risk

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Importance of Integrative Design Process •  Early feedback from engineers informs the design process •  Building performance metrics set clear indicators for

evaluating competing design solutions •  Load reduction measures can be exploited in sizing and

selection of equipment (offsetting cost of premium elements

Designing for High Performance


LEED/Green Mark is not the same thing as

an Integrative Design Process

Often the team’s only purpose is to achieve LEED points •  The architecture is designed separately,

without the engineer’s input concerning its energy performance

•  Energy modeling is done only to get the point, rather than to inform design decisions

•  Commissioning is often an afterthought •  Etc.

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Procurement costs

Life cycle costs

Make decisions based on lifecycle costs, not just first costs


Opportunities to engage integrative design

Integrative Design Opportunities

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Client

Architect Contractor

Mechanical Engineer

Specialists (i.e. geothermal, simulation)

Electrical Engineer

Specialists (e.g. controls or technology

experts)

Structural Engineer

Specialists (e.g. seismic)

Civil Engineer

Specialists (e.g. stormwater

management)

Landscape Architect

Specialists (e.g. ecologists)

Specialists (e.g. acoustics,

daylighting)

Stakeholder Engagement: Traditional Hierarchical Approach


Stakeholder Engagement: TGAG Integrative Design Process Approach

Sustainability Scorecard

Building design /simulation specialists: acoustics, thermal, comfort, daylighting

Sub-trades, product suppliers, and manufacturers

Building operator, utilities, and

maintenance staff

Systems specialists: commissioning agent,

control system and security experts

Regulatory authorities: government

agencies, planners

Local community advisory panel /

academic experts

Site design specialists: soils, geoscientists, ecologists, local

Universities

Valuation / appraisal expert

Real estate expert / marketing /

Management Company

Water Management

Architect

Project manager

TGAG-Client Renewables

Specialists

Contractor

Quantity Surveyor

Mechanical, electrical, structural, civil

engineers

Landscape architect

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Integrative Design Process vs Conventional Design Process Inclusive from the outset vs Involves team members only when essential

Front-loaded — time and energy invested early vs Less time, energy, and collaboration in early stages

Decisions influenced by broad team vs More decisions made by fewer people

Iterative process vs Linear process

Whole-systems thinking vs Systems often considered in isolation

Allows for full optimization vs Limited to constrained optimization

Seeks synergies vs Diminished opportunity for synergies

Life-cycle costing vs Emphasis on up-front costs

Process continues through post-occupancy vs Typically finished when construction is complete

Source: Roadmap for the Integrated Design Process

The Differences


• Environmental impact

• Capital cost • Consultancy fees

• Oversized servicing systems • Risk

• Operating costs • Maintenance costs

• Reliance on fossil fuels

REDUCE

INCREASE

•  Systems integration •  Investor value •  Customer interest •  Property value •  Profit margins •  Resilience against future

energy & water price & supply volatility

The Business Case

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Design' Opera,on'EN Y'E G'R'Passive'design'

measures'

Efficient'servicing'strategies'

Improved'controls'

$$$' $'

User'behavioural'change'

Reducing energy consumption from operations


Objectives to be achieved through IDP

Achieve best-in-class performance metrics

determined at the outset

Reduce CAPEX and OPEX from design through whole-

systems thinking

Create and institute actual brand value that translates to triple-bottomline benefits

Continuously measure and monitor deliverable

performances that equate to the 6 vital

capitals

IDP

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“If you can’t measure it, you can’t manage it” Lord Kelvin1883

… what he actually said was…..

“I often say that when you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it; but when you cannot measure it, when you cannot express it in numbers, your knowledge is of a meagre and unsatisfactory kind….”

“In God we trust …..all others bring data!” Lee Eng Lock

Or to put it more succinctly: “Knowledge is power” Sir Francis Bacon 1597

Measurement and management


“Norman Foster’s City Hall, which is billed as an exemplary sustainable building, uses 50% more energy than it was designed to do.” BREEAM “Excellent” Why? What’s gone wrong? Where is the discrepancy?

London City Hall

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Performance metric

Plant item Worst value in initial Vendor bids

Final IDP value % improvement

Air handling units 900 cfm/kW 1656 cfm/kW 84%

Compressed dry air 3.2 cfm/kW 4.92 cfm/kW 54%

Scrubber 515 cfm/kW 775 cfm/kW 51%

Vacuum pumps 20.7 cfm/kW 34 cfm/kW 64%

Ultra-pure water plant 78 USG/hr.kW 101 USG/hr.kW 30%

Lighting 60 Lumens/Watt 95.5 Lumens/Watt 59%

Ductwork: Average pressure drop Pa/m Including bends & transitions

2 Pa/m 1.0 Pa/m 50%

Pipework: Average pressure drop Pa/m Including bends & fittings

500 Pa/m 300 Pa/m 40%

Filter & AHU face velocity 2.5 m/s 1.8 m/s 28%

Improvements in back-end semiconductor plant performance resulting from IDP


Airflow rate = 180m3/h

Diameter of duct 100mm Velocity =6.5m/s Pressure loss =7.0Pa/m

If duct diameter increased to 150mm Velocity =2.9m/s Pressure Loss = 0.9Pa/m

A 50% increase in duct diameter results in a 90% reduction in duct pressure loss, this will deliver:

A 4 to 5 fold reduction in fan power!

Example: reduction in fan power

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Example: Air Handling Unit (AHU)

•  Fan motor size reduced from 27.5 kW to 15.3 kW

•  Saves 106,800 kWh/year

•  Operating cost reduction = SG$ 26,000/year (@ 24 c/kWh)

What does this mean in terms of reduced OPEX?


•  A passionate advocate of environmental protection and a resident of Asia since 1974

•  An entrepreneur who built up a successful fashion jewelry business with 60 retail outlets in the UK and Asia

•  Created and developed Begawan Giri Estate and Spa, a unique resort in Bali, during the 1980s, focusing on developing the skills of local village people, thus preserving both their culture and environment. Voted No. 1 in the 2002 Conde Nast Readers’ Travel Awards Top 100 “Best of the Best”

•  With his wife, Debbie, founded the non-profit Begawan Foundation in 1999, to cater for the educational, health and environmental needs of local villages

•  Committed to mitigating the impact of irresponsible use of earth’s resources through increasing awareness and drawing synergies with commercial drivers

•  Approach to sustainability is to examine the interaction and integration of systems to identify opportunities for improving efficiency

•  Tailors solutions to clients’ needs, undertaking cost-benefit analysis to ensure economically viable long-term solutions that reduce impact on the environment across an organisation

Bradley T. Gardner Founder

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•  Specialist in carbon and renewable energy markets in Asia and Europe since 2001

•  Successfully originated and developed over 40 projects under the CDM and other sustainable energy initiatives.

•  Designed and developed PRISM for IDP as the tool for assessing high-performance metrics.

•  Developed and implemented successful charrettes for wafer-fab clean room facilities, pharmaceutical multi-nationals, data centre in Singapore and a mixed development in Myanmar

•  Well versed in the GHG Protocol to develop sector-wide approaches in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Behavior

•  Keen sense of developing sustainable projects from a holistic approach and from a very practical and down-to-earth perspective

Vinod Kesava Executive Director / COO


Huston Eubank Associate| Building Design & Performance

•  A registered architect and an independent consultant specializing in the sustainable design of buildings, communities and businesses, with an extensive portfolio

•  Founding Director and Executive Director of World Green Building Council

•  Former Principal with the Green Development Services team at Rocky Mountain Institute

•  Developed environmentally responsible solutions for commercial construction as Director of “BuildingFutures Services” for David Gottfried

•  Advisor to NW Regional Council of the US President's Council on Sustainability

•  Green consulting projects include the California Academy of Science, Greening a Texas Instruments Chip FAB, the Boston Museum, environmental design for schools in Brazil, Greening the California State Capitol, The Capitol East End project in Sacramento, the State of California EPA Building and greening Bulmers - the world's largest maker of hard cider

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•  A recognised, world-class engineer designing and building extremely energy efficient buildings and mechanical systems.

•  Designed, built and retrofitted chiller plants at 20~ 35% ROI with guaranteed performance contracts for Grand Hyatt Singapore, Singapore Post Centre, Galen Building, Republic Plaza, NewTechPark, Capricorn and Acer buildings for Ascendas, and others.

•  Regular participant in Rocky Mountain Institute charrettes for a wide range of building projects including wafer fab and semi-conductor manufacturing facilities in Asia and globally.

•  Awarded the Association of Energy Engineers USA Energy Project of the year in 1994 for the Western Digital factory in Kuala Lumpur.

•  Received one of four” Champion of Energy Efficiency Awards” from the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE) in 2012 in recognition of, “his world-leading HVAC design and engineering”.

LEE Eng Lock Associate| Building Performance


•  Internationally recognized expert in sustainable building design and refurbishment

•  Specialist in whole system thinking, building physics and integrative design, eco-minimalism and bio-mimicry

•  Former Managing Director of Building Research Establishment which established the international BREEAM green building rating standards

•  Chairman of the EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive Implementation Advisory Panel, and Special Advisor to the European Commission on energy demand issues

•  Established the UK Green Building Council: received the 2007 Building Sustainability Leadership award as “one of the most influential figures in the drive to make the industry sustainable.”

•  Sat on the Environment Review Panel for London 2012 Olympic Village and Westfield Stratford City retail development, with lead responsibility for energy efficiency/utilisation and energy supply infrastructure

•  Developed the energy strategy in support of the Planning Application for a zero-carbon urban extension in the UK (housing + commercial buildings)

•  Developed energy strategies for Kellogg’s, Rowntree Macintosh and undertaken IDP for a major multi-national pharmaceutical company

Prof David Strong Associate| Facility Performance

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Kes Shotam Associate| Sustainability Performance

•  A founding member and Past President the Rotary Club of Suntec City in 2001

•  Showcased the Grand Hyatt’s Green Energy Management (GEM) project at the Grand Hyatt Hotel in Singapore

•  In 2003, Kes formed a team of specialists to spearhead the founding of the Asia Carbon Group of Companies based in Asia and Europe and acts as Asia Carbon Group’s Group Managing Director and CEO

•  Chairman of IE Singapore Greenhouse Gas Emission Reductions Group

•  The first Chairman of SEAS GHG Emission Reductions Group in 2005.

•  Co-founder and Board Member of Climate Resources Exchange Pte Ltd

•  Board Member of Graphmada Equity Pte Ltd

•  Kes is widely networked and he has a passion for sustainable development and entrepreneurship. He brings with him a considerable amount of experience in business and sustainable development.


Simon Thomas Associate| Building Performance

•  Serves as Director of Facilities of Projects for UWCSEA, campus which has achieved Singapore’s Green Mark Platinum Award

•  Simon offers expertise, experience and management in all aspects of planning, designing, construction and project management of exceptional but highly practical facilities.

•  He has recently worked with schools developing new facilities in Thailand, Indonesia and India

•  A Business and Services Manager at Bangkok Patana School

•  A breadth of experience at the sharp end of managing, maintaining and upgrading school facilities and services gives a unique angle to projects which require a firm practical and hands on input

•  An exceptional IT literacy stemming from years managing a Software Development and IT Consultancy in the UK

•  Simon is a regular speaker at Green Building Events and Forums

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•  Involved with several B2B software start-ups as a C-level executive as well as in developing corporate finance solutions and venture funding platforms

•  Provider of standard accounting software as an independent Senior Product Manager

•  Launched Climex exchange, where environmental commodities such as carbon emission rights were traded in response to the Kyoto Protocol

•  Created a sustainability performance measurement framework used by an impressive portfolio of European companies

Tames Jan Rietdijk Associate| Performance Metrics & Charrette Moderation


•  In 1991, she spent her first year in Indonesia as a lecturer in Indonesia training university to reach a level of English sufficient to undertake further study

•  Carolyn has taught English, worked in both hospitality and retail industry, and assisted in setting up Begawan Foundation’s kindergarten at Begawan Giri Estate for the local community.

•  Responsible for the Bali Starling Breeding Centre on mainland Bali, with the long-term focus for bird releases on mainland Bali.

•  In 2010 Carolyn undertook a course in Water Efficiency Management in Singapore.

•  Responsible for Charrette Logistics in SEA including client proposals, charrette briefing documents and final charrette reports

Carolyn Kenwrick Research and Development

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The largest and simplest opportunity to reduce our adverse impact on the environment is through energy

efficient design. This combined with collaborative solutions from whole-systems integrative design is crucial

in making a positive difference.

Bradley Thomas Gardner & Vinod Kesava The GreenAsia Group 2013


www.thegreenasiagroup.com Contact: Vinod Kesava Email: [email protected] Mobile: +65 9384 0166 Office: +65 6329 9770 Skype: icarbonman

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