Integration of Renewables into Future Power Grids -...
Transcript of Integration of Renewables into Future Power Grids -...
Integration of Renewables into Future Power Grids
Institute of Power Systems
and Power EconomicsR&D-Building with
Transmission System Group
Testcenter for
Electric Vehicle
Infrastructure and Networks
Research Group
Energy Efficiency
Integration of Renewables into Future Power Grids
RES Scenario NRW
0
2
4
6
8
10
NEP Szenario A NEP Szenario B NEP Szenario C dena VNS (*) NEP Szenario B dena VNS (**)
Ad
dit
ion
sfr
om
2012
[GW
]
Windenergie Photovoltaik Biomasse
Integration of Renewables into Future Power Grids
Identification of Wind Energy Potentials
Wind potential analysis Potential space
Wind speedTechnical potential
Spatial abilitiesLand-use conflicts
Excluded areasCase-by-case decisions
Noise-optimised calculation of potential spaceEconomical wind field
Determination of feasible potentials
Integration of Renewables into Future Power Grids
Base scenario 2050 – 85% renewables –
approx. 30 TWhel
Pumped storages today:
0,04 TWh
Source: Nitsch, Sterner et al., 2010, BMU Leitszenarien Zwischenbericht
Renewable power supply and load, January to February 2050 (based on Meteo year 2006)
Ca
pa
city
(GW
)
Integration of Renewables into Future Power Grids
Power Grid Expansion in Germany
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5
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5
6
4
4
7
4
1
3
4
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
22
2
2 2
02
22
01
2
2
5
2
6
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
5
5 6
2
04
2
2
4
2
1
2
2
2
02
4 4
2
2
2
2
6
8
4
22
2 1
4
2
2
6
1
04 (MV)
13 (BE/BR)12 (ST)
24 (RP/SL)
29 (BW) 30 (BW/BY) 31 (BY)
14 (NW)
20 (NW)
28 (BW)
05 (MV)
07 (BR)
19 (BR/SN)
23 (SN)
1
3
3
15 (NW)
2
1
2
Leiter innerhalb Deutschlands (Grundzustand)
Leiter in Nachbarländer (Grundzustand)
Zubauten für 2020
Zubauten für 2030
Zubauten für 2040
Anzahl paralleler Systeme2
1
2
111
1
2
22
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
02 (NI)03 (HH/SH)
11 (NI)
17 (NI)
18 (ST)
22 (TH)21 (HE)
16 (HE)
10 (NI)
08 (NI)
09 (NI)
25 (HE/RP)
26 (BY)
06 (HB/NI)
01 (SH)
27 (BW/HE/RP)
Transmission Network
20 billion euro until 2022
(National network development
plan)
Quelle: TU Dortmund
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HS/MS
MS/NS
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Distribution Network
27 - 42 billion euro until 2030
(German Energy Association
Distribution Network Study)+
Integration of Renewables into Future Power Grids
Distr. grids reach limits of capacity and voltage due to renewable
generation and new controllable load applications
growing share of
distributed
renewables
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Implementation of
innovative devices, grid and
operation/control concepts
new loads and load
managementSource: TU Dortmund
RWE Deutschland AG
distributed renewables
new loads
vo
lta
ge
/ V
Zeit / h
Integration of Renewables into Future Power Grids
Smart Grid Components (primary)
Network Control Unit
110kV/10kV
Quelle: TU Dortmund – ie3, ABB, RWE
Active
Voltage
Conditioner
(medium
voltage
level)
Controllable Local
Network Station
(AVC, low voltage level)
1
3
4
2
8
5
6
97
MS
NS
HV/MV
Integration of Renewables into Future Power Grids
Smart Grid Components (secondary)
Network Control Unit
110kV/10kV
Quelle: TU Dortmund – ie3, ABB, RWE
1
3
4
2
8
5
6
97
MS
NS
HV/MV
Functions
Protection (iProtect)
Fault Location (i3S)
Power Quality Monitoring
Topology Optimization (MS)
(Grid-4-EU)
Coordination Grid vs. RES /
„Ampel“ (proaktives Verteilnetz)
Wide Area Voltage Control (Smart Country, KIT)
Ancillary Services from DG (KIT)
Adaptive State Estimation
Integration of Renewables into Future Power Grids
Distribution Grid Ancillary Services
f
Transmission
Decentralised
control
Centralised
control
Reaction Measuringu
dQlokal
dPlokal
dQzentral
dPzentral
Q
P
ce
ntr
alis
ed
De
ce
ntr
alis
ed
+
+
Transmission and distribution grid model
Balancing power by MPP-TrackingReactive power provision
Conventional instantaneous reserveConventional balancing powerShort-circuit capacity
Frequency-dependent loadVoltage-dependent load
Balancing power by storages, loads and e-mobility
Wind turbine instantaneous reserve
Controllable substation
Integration of Renewables into Future Power Grids
Simulation Framework for Distribution Grid
dQdecentral
dPdecentral
ce
ntr
al
de
ce
ntr
al
+
+
Transmission and distribution grid model
Control reserve by MPP-trackingProvision of reactive power
Conventional instantaneous reserveconventional control reserveShort-circuit power
Frequency-dependent loadsVoltage-dependent loads
Control reserve by storages, loads and e-mobilityProvision of reactive power
Instantaneous reserve by wind power plants
Q
P
u dQcentral
dPcentral
u
Local control
delay inverter
Communication delay
measurment
RMS
PLL
measurment
RMS
PLL
Kdecentral,Tdecentral
Central control
PI or PKcentral,Tcentral
Automatic tap changer
PI or P
Windinertia by wind power plants
TIV,KIV
Ttrans,Ktrans Tdead
idref
LV levelHV level MV levelEHV level
iqref
Δid,l Δiq,l
Controller
Controller
fref
-
uref
Tfmeas,Kfmeas
Tumeas,Kumeas
TPf,KIf
TPu,KIu
fmeas
umeas
-
Central control model
fzuz
ul fl
imax
imin
uTrans
-
uref,tap
+10
-1
tap
PLL
RMS
Transformer model
Measurement model
Communication modelInverter
Local
control
fref,l
uref,l
Measurement
model
DG
mo
de
lC
on
tro
l m
od
el
Measurement
model
TTAP
+
+
Windinertia
0,80
0,85
0,90
0,95
1,00
1,05
1,10
1,15
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Pmech
Pel
Lei
stung P
Zeit t
[s]
A
B
C
D
D`
A
E
fWI,l
idref
Integration of Renewables into Future Power Grids
Conclusions
Transmission grid: Increased utilization of monitoring and control in the grid
Complexity for system operation rises
Smart tools need to be developed to support system operation
Distribution grid: Many new Smart Grid Technologies are being applied
Measurement devices are needed in MV/LV
Adaptive State Estimation System is required for many applications
Ancillary services: Distribution Grids provide Ancillary Services for Power System Operation
Local control concepts vs. centralized control concepts
Interface between DSOs and TSOs must be developed
Thank you very much for your attention!
Contact
Dr. Fritz Rettberg
TU Dortmund University
ie³ Institute of Energy Systems, Energy
Efficiency and Energy Economics