Performance analysis of roof-mounted photovoltaic systems ...
Integrated Roof Mounted Solar Solutions PV System · 4 Kingspan Roof Mounted PV System is a...
Transcript of Integrated Roof Mounted Solar Solutions PV System · 4 Kingspan Roof Mounted PV System is a...
IntegratedSolar Solutions
Roof MountedPV System
Solar Photovoltaic Solutions
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Roof MountedPV System
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Contents
Introduction 4
Benefits of Solar PV 5
Put Your Roof To Work 6
How Solar PV Works 7
2 Steps to Maximise the Income 8
Product Range 10
Installation Process Map 12
Solar Radiation Map 13
Case Studies 14
Kingspan’s Journey to Carbon Neutrality 18
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Kingspan Roof Mounted PV System is aversatile solar photovoltaic system that issuitable for pitched and flat roof applicationson new build or refurbishment projects.
Initial enquiry with our specialist in-housedesign team, and installation and gridconnection are all part of Kingspan’s offering.
Generate clean, inflation-proof electricity– reduce operational energy costs
Zero CO2 emissions
Value engineered systems for quickand easy installation
PIR insulation core– excellent U-values
Closed cell insulation eliminates moistureingress and performance failure
Insulated Panel and PV system covered by theKingspan Total Guarantee for up to 25 years.
Roof Mounted PV System Features� Single source building envelope (roof, wall & façade) and solar
PV provider.
� PV fixing systems for the majority of Kingspan’s insulated
roof panels.
� Structural assurance on PV system and building envelope product.
� Full turn-key service; feasibility analysis, detailed design, product
supply, installation, system testing/commissioning and project
handover.
� Reduced build programme and site attendance costs due to the
PV system being installed in-conjunction with the roof panel.
� Annual operation and maintenance (O&M) contracts
offered with the Roof Mounted PV System.
Introduction
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� Generate energy even in low light (overcast / cloudy) conditions.
� Produce zero CO2 emissions.
� Has proven operational life in excess of 40 years.
� Is the only cost-effective, widely accepted renewable technology
that guarantees on-site green electricity production in an urban
environment.
Benefits ofSolar PV
The benefits of using a Solar PV System
� Reduce on-site electrical load / requirements.
� Generate electricity that offsets peak cost.
� Provide a hedge against rapidly increasing electricity prices.
� Increase asset / rentable value of a building by improving the
Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) rating.
� Meet Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) needs.
� Electrical production is non-dependant on fossil or nuclear fuels.
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Generate your own power and benefit fromsignificant energy cost savings.
On account of the significant electricity rises experienced over the
past three years, there is no better time to invest in solar PV
technology to secure your energy future.
� FREE ENERGY.
� Enhance property value.
� Reduce impact of rising energy costs.
� Reduce associated carbon footprint of property / business.
� 7-10 years payback.
� Approximately 14% internal rate of return (IRR) on a 20 year
investment.
Put YourRoof to Work
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Cell
Module
PV String:Modulesconnectedin series
PV Array:Strings connectedin parallel
Modules, Strings & Arrays
Grid connection
Kilowatt-hourmeter
Solar PVmodules
Ampmeter
Interactiveinverter
Electricityload
A solar PV cell is a semi-conductor devicewhich converts solar energy into electricity.
PV Technologies� Crystalline PV – Monocrystalline or Polycrystalline.
Modules, Strings & Arrays� The multiple PV Cells are interconnected and encapsulated
to produce a PV Module.
� The modules are connected in series to form a string,
(Series connections increase the system voltage).
� A PV array is made up of a number of module strings connected
in parallel (Parallel connections increase the current in the system).
InvertersAn inverter is used to convert the direct current generated
(electricity) from the PV array to an alternative current (AC) for use
on site or for exporting to the grid.
� Stand alone inverters are used for off grid systems.
� Grid tie inverters are used when the installation is connected to a
utility supply. The grid tie inverter also synchronises the PV
generator with the grid.
How SolarPV Works
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2 Steps toMaximise the Income
Step 1Insulate
Over the past 50 years, insulated panels have evolved as a
particularly thermally efficient and economic method of
construction. They have been extensively used in refurbishment as
they are ideal for re-cladding walls and roofs. Insulated panels offer
the best long term guaranteed thermal performance and can
improve the energy efficiency of a building up to 44%, producing an
immediate payback on investment.
As single component, single-fix systems they provide a quick and
easy installation, saving up to 50% on construction time.
They are highly effective; they offer high performance insulation with
excellent guaranteed U-values. For example, many older buildings
have U-values of 0.6 W/m²K or worse, so over-cladding with an
insulated panel system that provides a U-value of 0.18 W/m²K, will
offer a huge energy saving. Furthermore it will improve the
aesthetics of the building and provide a more economic and
environmentally sound solution than demolition.
The first step is to reduce the energy demandand one of the simplest ways to do this, for bothnew build and refurbishment projects, is to useinsulated panel systems which offer guaranteedhigh thermal performance and low air leakageover the lifetime of the building.
Image courtesy of Gazeley and Central Photography
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Step 2Generate
2 Steps toMaximise the Income
The current climate of escalating electricity costs represents the
ideal opportunity for businesses to embrace renewable energy.
Furthermore the integration of renewable energy into your
businesses energy mix will aid in the ability to meet energy
efficiency and carbon reduction targets.
One of the key aspects for the success of including sources of
renewable energy will be the ease with which they can be
incorporated into buildings. Kingspan Insulated Panels has a
number of solutions which meet this criteria.
The development of sources of renewableenergy is a crucial part of the strategy toimprove energy efficiency and cut carbonemissions.
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ProductRange
Roof Mounted PV Systems RangeThe PV modules can be mounted onto a range of Kingspan
Insulated Roof Panels:
� Trapezoidal KS1000 RW
� Kingzip® Standing Seam
� Lo-Pitch KS1000 LP
� Curved Roof KS1000 CR
� Slate and Tile Support KS1000 TS
� Kingspan Topdek
� BENCHMARK Topspan
� BENCHMARK Envirodek
The PV system has been structurally tested in conjunction
with all above insulated panel profiles. It is a top sheet mounted
system, negating the need for through fixing, therefore eliminating
cold bridging.
On flat roofs with up to a 3° incline, a lightweight, non ballasted
mounting system is also available. The A-frame system requires no
module row connectors, allows for effective roof drainage and is
quick and easy to install. The system is patch welded to the
existing membrane thus negating the requirement for through fixing
or heavy weight ballasting.
The PV system can be installed on a wide range of roof systems
and can be tailored accordingly.
Lightweight flat roof mounting system
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PV modules installed on the Kingspan KS1000 RW Trapezoidal insulated roof panel
235m
mto495m
m235m
mto495m
mDistancedependantonwind
load
andsize
ofmodule
TypicalDetail
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InstallationProcess Map
A Kingspan installation will give you...
6 OFGEMRegistration 7 Renewable
Energy Schemes 8 Maintenance& Monitoring
1 ProjectFeasibilityStudy
2 Design &Cost Proposal 3 Finance
Package 4 Installation
5 Grid Connection,Commissioning& Handover
RenewableEnergySchemes
Feed-in TariffScheme (FIT)
RenewableObligationCertificates(ROC)
Renewable Energy SchemesThe Government has created a series of renewable energy
schemes designed to accelerate the UK’s development and use of
renewable energy to achieve the UK’s 2020 target of 15%
renewable energy supply.
� The Feed in tariff (FiT) was introduced in 2010 to encourage
small-scale (<5MW) low carbon electricity generation amongst
businesses, communities and individuals.
� The renewable obligation certificate (ROC) was introduced in
2002 to incentivise the deployment of large-scale renewable
electricity generation, providing a 20 year guaranteed revenue
linked to the retail price index (RPI).
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5 Usable roofspace4 Roof
construction /build & slope
3 Limitingfactors,e.g. shading
2 Orientation
As each site has individual requirements, Kingspan will develop a bespoke package, taking into account:
1 Location /insolation level
SolarRadiation Map
Orientation, Pitch and ShadingFor optimal performance, the photovoltaic array should face
between south-east and south-west at an elevation of about
30-40°. However, in the UK, even flat roofs receive 90% of the
energy of an optimum pitched system – see AC output table below).
It is important to ensure that the PV modules are not shaded during
the day. Avoid placing the array where there will be significant
shading from surrounding buildings or trees, since this decreases
the output from the system.
Although generally installed on a roof, the PV modules can be
installed on any south facing elevation. It can also be used for solar
shading or as a rainscreen on a building wall – this is particularly
suitable for prestige buildings.
AC outputs in kWh (kilowatt hour) / kWp (kilowatt peak)
Effect of orientation and pitch on array performance (% of Ideal).
Vert 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Horiz
East 58 65 70 76 80 84 86 88 90 90SE 69 77 84 89 93 96 96 96 94 90South 71 80 87 93 97 100 100 98 96 90SW 67 75 82 87 92 95 96 96 94 90West 56 63 69 74 78 82 86 87 89 90
Location kWh790 kWh / Year830 kWh / Year850 kWh / Year900 kWh / Year
PlanningThe majority of buildings do not require planning permission for the
installation of PV modules. If the building is in a conservation area
or is a listed building you may need to apply for full planning
permission. Kingspan recommends checking with your local
council to ascertain the planning requirement for your specific
project / building.
Solar IrradianceAverage annual solar radiation (kWh/m²/day) for Great Britain
and Ireland.
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Project Kingspan Ltd
Location Holywell, Flintshire, North Wales
Product Roof Mounted PV System, Safetraxx®
Output 350,000kWh per annum
Build Refurbishment
Kingspan has completed the next phase of its ongoing drive
towards sustainable manufacturing with the installation of one of its
latest product developments at the state of the art manufacturing
facility at Holywell. 2,900m2 of Kingspan photovoltaic modules have
now been installed and fully commissioned on the roof of one of
the south facing manufacturing buildings. The addition of the
photovoltaic array on the Kingspan roof panels makes the facility a
prime example of the effectiveness of the ‘insulate and generate’
principle.
The 406.08kWp system comprising one thousand seven hundred
and twenty eight 235Wp crystalline PV modules, is expected to
generate circa 350,000kWh per annum, making a significant
contribution to powering the plant’s electricity needs.
It took just 5 weeks to complete the
project, and the maintenance of the
Kingspan Roof Mounted PV System
has been made both safer and easier
with the installation of Kingspan
Safetraxx®, an off-ridge fall protection
system.
The Safetraxx® system complies
with BS EN 795 and, when installed in conjunction with Kingspan
Insulated Panels, is available with the Kingspan Total Guarantee.
An important aspect in maintaining the energy efficiency of the
building envelope was that the fixings do not penetrate the
insulation layer, so there are no thermal bridging problems.
Output has been recorded since the system was installed and the
energy saving is significantly better than predicted – up by 7.21%.
CaseStudy Manufacturing
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Retail /Distribution
CaseStudy
Project Morrisons Distribution Centre
Location Bridgwater, Somerset
Products Insulated Roof & Wall Panels, Roof Mounted PV System,Insulated Cold Store Panels, Structural Products
Output 197,279kWh per annum
Build New Build
Morrisons’ South West Regional Distribution Centre, a 59 acre
goods facility at Bridgwater in Somerset, is an exemplar scheme
that uses Kingspan Roof Mounted PV System to create one of
Europe’s most energy efficient logistics facilities.
Using 1,548 modules, this system will provide a single-source,
insulated, roof and solar PV power source delivering a total
peak output of over 220kWp and an estimated 197,279kWh
of energy per annum.
Paul Kettlewell, Senior Construction Project Manager at Morrisons,
said: “Our ambition for Bridgwater was to achieve the best in
sustainable design in accordance with our stated aims for
environmental corporate responsibility.”
“We believe that minimising carbon
emissions is an important issue and
that refrigeration, transport and
waste are areas where significant
reductions can be achieved. We are
very pleased with the work that
Kingspan has done and the fact that
the solar power generated at the
distribution centre will provide more than 6 per cent of the
facility’s needs.”
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CaseStudy Agriculture
Project Lavenham Fen Farm
Location Cambridgeshire
Products Roof Mounted PV System, Safetraxx®
Output 352.7kWp
Build Refurbishment
Massive rises in energy bills over recent years have made the
refrigeration and storage of produce an increasingly costly part of
modern farming.
The owners of Lavenham Fen Farm in Cambridgeshire, however,
are proving that this need not be the case, using Kingspan Roof
Mounted PV System to slash bills from the farm’s two potato storage
buildings.
The buildings, separately housing standard and organic potatoes,
require large amounts of energy to power internal cooling systems,
keeping harvested potatoes at a constant low temperature. With
electricity usage metered at half-hourly rates, this previously
resulted in massive energy bills for the farm owners.
To tackle these costs, the farm owners used investment from
Regenerco to help fund the purchase and installation of the
Kingspan Roof Mounted PV System and Safetraxx® system.
Installed on the roofs of the storage buildings, the PV system
comprises a little over one thousand five hundred, 235Wp crystalline
PV modules and can produce an overall output of 352.7kWp,
making it one of the largest roof mounted PV arrays in the UK.
Robert Pickard, Estates Manager for
co-owners Abbots Ripton Farming
Company, comments: “We have found
it difficult to produce electricity by
wind or hydroelectric power, so PV is
an excellent solution. The buildings
are tall and the visual impact of the
panels is minimal. There is also a
secondary benefit of fitting the panels to the roofs, as in the
summer, they trap the solar energy which reduces the
temperature on the roof sheets below the panels.”
“The production of electricity during expensive peak periods is of
great benefit to ourselves and to the consumer as all energy
generated onsite is channelled directly into powering the potato
storage facility.”
Kingspan Roof Mounted PV System at Lavenham Fen Farm has
been registered and accredited under the FiT scheme.
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IndustrialCaseStudy
Project Stennack House Headquarters
Location St. Austell, Cornwall
Products Insulated Roof Panels, Roof Mounted PV System
Output 57.33kWp
Build Refurbishment
Stennack House is the corporate headquarters of Ocean Housing
Group Ltd. Following the initial phase of the project, where the old
asbestos roof was replaced with over 1,200m2 of energy efficient
Kingspan KS1000 RW Insulated Panels, the next step was to
provide a source of energy generation with the addition of the latest
PV technology.
In this case Kingspan Roof Mounted PV System was combined
with the BREEAM A+ rated Kingspan Insulated Panels, allowing the
building owners to take full advantage of not only a significant
building fabric improvement, but also carbon reduction, energy
generation and a dramatic reduction in energy costs.
Two hundred and seventy three Sharp 210W polycrystalline PV
modules with a 57.33kWp capacity were installed to the south
facing elevations of the roof, in what is believed to be the seventh
largest array of photovoltaics in the country and the largest in the
South West.
“We are in a win-win situation,” explains David Renwick, Chief
Executive of the Ocean Group. “All the ‘green’ electricity we
generate on site is free for us to use.”
Kingspan’s PV team of engineers were
involved throughout the project, from
assessing the structural capability of
the existing building to support the new
roof with the additional weight of the
Kingspan Roof Mounted PV System,
to optimising the system design and
successfully project managing the
complete installation of the PV system.
It is estimated that the electricity produced will save over £20,000
annually, with a predicted lifespan in excess of 25 years. Stennack
House provides a clear example of how effective the combination
of insulated panels with the power of PV can be, and that putting
your roof to work is truly the way forward to achieve zero carbon.
“The programme went really well, and we were very impressed
with Kingspan who pulled out all the stops ensuring the project
was delivered on time.”
Matthew Goddard, Commercial Manager, MITIE Tilley Roofing.
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Kingspan’s Journey toCarbon Neutrality
Buildings that are carbon neutral / net-zero energy are designed in a way that reduces the demand oncentralised electricity generation, saving energy, CO2 and fossil fuels. This is done by harvesting energyon-site, usually through a combination of energy producing technologies such as solar and wind, withimproved energy efficiency and work practices.
It is a real challenge for manufacturers to move to net-zero energy
but one that is well worth pursuing, both in terms of cutting costs,
reducing reliance on power from the grid and exceeding customer
expectations in managing environmental impacts on the planets
climate and ecological balance.
It is important to lead by example, and by 2020,Kingspan Insulated Panels plan to achievecarbon neutrality through a number of initiatives,which will be rolled out across all operations.
The Holywell site has already taken a number of steps to achieve
this goal, including
� The installation of solar panels which are expected to produce
317,000kWh per annum.
� The proposed installation of two, 2.5MW wind turbines,
predicted to deliver 12,264,000kWh electricity per annum.
� The further development of the already existing landfill scheme.
Kingspan Insulated Panels is now looking at the next phase to
move all of our manufacturing sites towards carbon neutrality /
net-zero energy.
Kingspan Group’s own Head Office in Kingscourt, Ireland has been
able to take a major step along the road to net-zero energy with the
installation of Kingspan Roof Mounted PV System.
Kingspan has installed 1000m2 of photovoltaic modules which
more than offsets the total annual electricity usage of the Group
offices in what is thought to be one of the largest PV installations in
Ireland. The 130kWp system, which comprises of five hundred and
fifty three 235Wp crystalline PV modules, is expected to generate
circa 100,000 kWh per annum.
Commissioned and approved by ESB on the 10th October 2011,
the Kingscourt system took just 2 weeks to complete, and
was predicted to save around 52,500Kg/CO2 per annum.
The installation makes a significant contribution to reducing carbon
as well as generating energy.
This system comes in addition to the systems at Kingspan
Insulation’s manufacturing facility in Pembridge and Kingspan
Insulated Panels plant in Holywell. At 800kW and 406kW
respectively they are currently two of the largest roof-top PV arrays
in the UK. At both plants the PV systems were designed to supply
a significant proportion of the site’s lighting and manufacturing
electricity needs.
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Kingspan LimitedGreenfield Business Park No. 2, Greenfield, Holywell, Flintshire, North Wales CH8 7GJt: +44 (0) 1352 717232 f: +44 (0) 1352 710161 www.kingspanpanels.co.uk
For the product offering in other markets please contact your local sales representative or visit www.kingspanpanels.com
Care has been taken to ensure that the contents of this publication are accurate, but Kingspan Limited and its subsidiary companies do not accept responsibility for errors or forinformation that is found to be misleading. Suggestions for, or description of, the end use or application of products or methods of working are for information only andKingspan Limited and its subsidiaries accept no liability in respect thereof.
07/2013