Integrated Hardware Design For Broadband And Home Networking Charlie Raasch Director Technology...
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Transcript of Integrated Hardware Design For Broadband And Home Networking Charlie Raasch Director Technology...
Integrated Hardware Integrated Hardware Design For Broadband Design For Broadband And Home NetworkingAnd Home Networking
Charlie RaaschCharlie RaaschDirectorDirectorTechnology PlanningTechnology PlanningPersonal Computing DivisionPersonal Computing DivisionConexant Systems, Inc.Conexant Systems, Inc.
InternetInternet GatewayGateway In-house In-house wiringwiring
InternetInternet
Changing Models For Internet AccessChanging Models For Internet Access
Today’s modelToday’s model Separate POTS Separate POTS
connections to Internetconnections to Internet No simultaneous No simultaneous
access)access) Cable modem to InternetCable modem to Internet
Single computer Single computer access onlyaccess only
FloppyNetFloppyNet
Tomorrow’s modelTomorrow’s model Single Internet Single Internet
access pointaccess point Wireless or phone Wireless or phone
line networkingline networking Easily configurable Easily configurable
networknetwork
Requirements For Requirements For Internet AccessInternet Access Single point of entry for Single point of entry for
Internet accessInternet access Distribution of Internet dataDistribution of Internet data Internet access by all devicesInternet access by all devices
Simultaneously Simultaneously IndependentlyIndependently
Why?Why?
For broadband, only one computer For broadband, only one computer can link to the outside worldcan link to the outside world
Demand for rich Web content Demand for rich Web content and servicesand services Enabled by broadband Internet accessEnabled by broadband Internet access
Broadband AccessBroadband Access
DSL*DSL* Cable*Cable* ModemModem 2 line POTS modem2 line POTS modem OthersOthers
ISDNISDN SatelliteSatellite
Access Pipe - ModemAccess Pipe - Modem
AdvantagesAdvantages UbiquitousUbiquitous Low cost, both in client and serviceLow cost, both in client and service Independent access by multiple devicesIndependent access by multiple devices
No need for Internet sharing, No need for Internet sharing, simple user modelsimple user model
DisadvantagesDisadvantages Long connect timeLong connect time Low bandwidthLow bandwidth Circuit switched natureCircuit switched nature
One circuit, one deviceOne circuit, one device ISP investment (not network provider)ISP investment (not network provider)
Several users per modemSeveral users per modem
Access Pipe - 2 Line ModemAccess Pipe - 2 Line Modem AdvantagesAdvantages
UbiquitousUbiquitous Low cost, both in client and serviceLow cost, both in client and service Higher bandwidth than single line modemHigher bandwidth than single line modem
Near ISDN BRI ratesNear ISDN BRI rates DisadvantagesDisadvantages
Ties up both voice linesTies up both voice lines Call waiting can solve this problemCall waiting can solve this problem Long connect timeLong connect time
Circuit switched natureCircuit switched nature One circuit, one PCOne circuit, one PC Several users per modem, ISP investmentSeveral users per modem, ISP investment
Additional ISP investmentAdditional ISP investment ISPs need to find additional revenue to ISPs need to find additional revenue to
cover additional hardwarecover additional hardware ISP still controls the networkISP still controls the network
Moving The Data Around - Moving The Data Around - Market Demand For Market Demand For Home NetworkingHome Networking Approx. 15 million multiple-PC households in U.S. Approx. 15 million multiple-PC households in U.S.
(Dataquest, Jupiter)(Dataquest, Jupiter) Multi-PC PC purchases account for 30-80% of Multi-PC PC purchases account for 30-80% of
consumer PC purchases in U.S. (Intel-IDC)consumer PC purchases in U.S. (Intel-IDC) Internet, printer and file sharing are key Internet, printer and file sharing are key
driving applicationsdriving applications People understand networkingPeople understand networking
Almost all businesses and many schools are networkedAlmost all businesses and many schools are networked Easy to install and low-cost are key requirementsEasy to install and low-cost are key requirements Enables connection of PCs and “Smart Appliances”Enables connection of PCs and “Smart Appliances”
Internet phones, Internet Set Top, etc.Internet phones, Internet Set Top, etc.
Home Networking MediaHome Networking Media
10Base-T Ethernet10Base-T Ethernet IEEE 1394IEEE 1394 PowerlinePowerline WirelessWireless PhonelinePhoneline
Networking - New Networking - New Wires RequiredWires Required Many newer (nerdly) homes have Cat 5 preinstalledMany newer (nerdly) homes have Cat 5 preinstalled
Will support 10/100/1000Base-T and IEEE 1394Will support 10/100/1000Base-T and IEEE 1394 10Base-T Ethernet10Base-T Ethernet
AdvantagesAdvantages Low-cost, established silicon infrastructureLow-cost, established silicon infrastructure
DisadvantagesDisadvantages New Wires required for the vast majority of homesNew Wires required for the vast majority of homes
IEEE 1394IEEE 1394 AdvantagesAdvantages
FastFast Supports isochronous transfersSupports isochronous transfers
DisadvantagesDisadvantages New Wires require for the vast majority of homesNew Wires require for the vast majority of homes New silicon support infrastructure requiredNew silicon support infrastructure required
Costs are higher than other solutionsCosts are higher than other solutions
Power LinePower Line
AdvantagesAdvantages Goes to at least three walls in every room in the houseGoes to at least three walls in every room in the house
The ultimate in “No new wires”The ultimate in “No new wires” All devices requiring wall power (almost all) need All devices requiring wall power (almost all) need
no additional external connection no additional external connection
DisadvantagesDisadvantages Interface means are expensiveInterface means are expensive
Safety regulatory requirements key and drive costSafety regulatory requirements key and drive cost Noise profile on the power lineNoise profile on the power line
Extreme environment for dataExtreme environment for data Data privacyData privacy InteroperabilityInteroperability
Wireless a likely winner for untethered peripherals, Wireless a likely winner for untethered peripherals, assuming interoperability issues are addressedassuming interoperability issues are addressed
Anigma WebManAnigma WebManwww.anigma.comwww.anigma.com
WirelessWireless
AdvantagesAdvantages Supports roaming peripheralsSupports roaming peripherals No New WiresNo New Wires
DisadvantagesDisadvantages Limited bandwidthLimited bandwidth Varying impairments Varying impairments
of wireless channelof wireless channel Poor Interoperability - need a Poor Interoperability - need a
true multivendor standardtrue multivendor standard Physical layer costPhysical layer cost Privacy/SecurityPrivacy/Security
Phone line a likely winner for Phone line a likely winner for tethered peripheralstethered peripherals
Residential Phone LinesResidential Phone Lines
AdvantagesAdvantages No new wiresNo new wires Low-cost modulations possibleLow-cost modulations possible
DisadvantagesDisadvantages Not necessarily everywhere Not necessarily everywhere
it is necessaryit is necessary E.g., living room for Set TopsE.g., living room for Set Tops
Regulatory and Homologation costsRegulatory and Homologation costs
Focus On Phone LinesFocus On Phone Lines
Goes to most rooms which require Goes to most rooms which require a networked devicea networked device
Least expensive means to provide Least expensive means to provide wired data connectivitywired data connectivity
Integrates well with other RJ-11 Integrates well with other RJ-11 technologies to reduce system technologies to reduce system connections to the outside worldconnections to the outside world
Single standard from the outset Single standard from the outset removes customer confusion factorremoves customer confusion factor
CentralCentralofficeoffice
Residential Phone Lines Residential Phone Lines As A Medium (1)As A Medium (1) Physical plantPhysical plant
Maximum distance between any two nodes: ~500 feetMaximum distance between any two nodes: ~500 feet Network topology: general treeNetwork topology: general tree Cable type: unshielded twisted-pair and also unshielded Cable type: unshielded twisted-pair and also unshielded
non-twisted pairnon-twisted pair Using only Tip and Ring connectors; AWG 32-18Using only Tip and Ring connectors; AWG 32-18 Node impedance: 100-600 ohmNode impedance: 100-600 ohm Local loop distance to Central Office: 12,000 - 18,000 feetLocal loop distance to Central Office: 12,000 - 18,000 feet
Residential Phone Lines Residential Phone Lines As A Medium (2)As A Medium (2) Regulatory requirementsRegulatory requirements
Compliance with FCC Part 15 Class BCompliance with FCC Part 15 Class B Compliance with FCC Part 68Compliance with FCC Part 68 Compatibility to international PTT requirementsCompatibility to international PTT requirements
BABT confirms HLAN OK as long as it BABT confirms HLAN OK as long as it complies with TBR-21complies with TBR-21
HLAN in an unregulated spectrum in JapanHLAN in an unregulated spectrum in Japan No show-stopper issues have yet been encounteredNo show-stopper issues have yet been encountered
Still need to go through the homologation processStill need to go through the homologation process Market issues may limit deploymentMarket issues may limit deployment
Residential Phone Lines Residential Phone Lines As A Medium (3)As A Medium (3) Technical challengesTechnical challenges
Frequency-dependent amplitude Frequency-dependent amplitude (attenuation) and delay characteristics(attenuation) and delay characteristics
Round-trip node-to-node delayRound-trip node-to-node delay Impairments: impulse noise, crosstalk Impairments: impulse noise, crosstalk
in bundles, unterminated bridged taps, in bundles, unterminated bridged taps, spectral nullsspectral nulls
Carrier Sense and Collision detectionCarrier Sense and Collision detection Near-end cross-talk in local loop binderNear-end cross-talk in local loop binder
HomePNA 1.0 SpecificationHomePNA 1.0 Specification
Adopts Tut Systems’ networking Adopts Tut Systems’ networking technology as basis for first-technology as basis for first-generation home phoneline generation home phoneline specificationspecification
Highlights of HomePNA 1.0 Highlights of HomePNA 1.0 specification:specification: 1Mbps data rate1Mbps data rate Ethernet: standard 802.3 MAC, CSMA/CDEthernet: standard 802.3 MAC, CSMA/CD Support for up to 25 nodes across 500 ftSupport for up to 25 nodes across 500 ft FCC Part 15 and Part 68-compliantFCC Part 15 and Part 68-compliant
HomePNA 1.0 FeaturesHomePNA 1.0 Features No new wires No new wires
Leverages existing phone wiringLeverages existing phone wiring Compatible with existing services Compatible with existing services
Internet access, voice services, and home network Internet access, voice services, and home network coexist on the same wirecoexist on the same wire
Supports high-speed data rates Supports high-speed data rates 1Mbps, extendable to higher speeds1Mbps, extendable to higher speeds
Robust Robust Runs over poor wiring infrastructureRuns over poor wiring infrastructure
Simple to install and useSimple to install and use True plug-and-play operation - No HubsTrue plug-and-play operation - No Hubs
SecureSecure Home phone wiring not shared with neighboring residencesHome phone wiring not shared with neighboring residences
InexpensiveInexpensive Less than $50/connectionLess than $50/connection
Bandwidth ComparisonsBandwidth Comparisons
33.6K Modem33.6K Modem56K Modem56K Modem
1Mb LAN1Mb LAN
10Mb LAN10Mb LAN
33.6K33.6K56K56K
0.6Mb0.6Mb
6Mb6Mb
4m10s4m10s2m30s2m30s
13.3s13.3s
1.3s1.3s
Data rateData ratebits per bits per secondsecond
1 Mbyte1 MbyteTransfer Transfer
TimeTime
1-shared print/scan1-shared print/scan
2-shared Internet access2-shared Internet access
3-shared files/folders3-shared files/folders
4-gaming4-gaming
5-backup5-backup
6-Internet telephony6-Internet telephony
1
2
3
4
5
6
77 - streaming audio7 - streaming audio
Latency requirementsLatency requirements
Less stringentLess stringent StringentStringent
1Mb is sufficient for many home 1Mb is sufficient for many home LAN applicationsLAN applications
High-Speed NetworkingHigh-Speed Networking
Corporate requires high bandwidthCorporate requires high bandwidth Many many computers on one network (tens to hundreds)Many many computers on one network (tens to hundreds) Large file transfers are the normLarge file transfers are the norm Significant usageSignificant usage
Home networks can start now with lower Home networks can start now with lower bandwidth solutionsbandwidth solutions Maximum of 25 computers on one network Maximum of 25 computers on one network
(1.0 specification)(1.0 specification) Typically 2/3 computers on one networkTypically 2/3 computers on one network Primary application of peripheral sharing, Internet sharing Primary application of peripheral sharing, Internet sharing
and occasional file transferand occasional file transfer
Wireless LAN initially at about 1/2MbpsWireless LAN initially at about 1/2Mbps
POTSPOTS Up DSLUp DSL Downstream DSLDownstream DSL ffHomePNAHomePNA
4kH
z4k
Hz
30kH
z30
kHz
1.1M
Hz
1.1M
Hz
5.5M
Hz
5.5M
Hz
9.5M
Hz
9.5M
Hz
G.992.2G.992.2 Full rateFull rate
HomePNA Spectral HomePNA Spectral CompatibilityCompatibility
PhysicalPhysical
Data linkData link
NetworkNetwork
TransportTransport
SessionSession
ApplicationApplication
PresentationPresentationLogical Link ControlLogical Link Control(LLC)(LLC)
Media Access Media Access Control (MAC)Control (MAC)
Home PNA PHYHome PNA PHY(1.0 PHY)(1.0 PHY)
Higher LayersHigher Layers
Wire PairWire Pair
Logical Link ControlLogical Link Control(LLC)(LLC)
Media Access Media Access Control (MAC)Control (MAC)
Home PNA PHYHome PNA PHY(1.0 PHY)(1.0 PHY)
Higher LayersHigher Layers
WiringWiringnetworknetwork
Relationship To Relationship To ISO-OSI ModelISO-OSI Model
Preamble (7)Preamble (7) DelimiterDelimiter (1)(1) Ethernet PacketEthernet Packet
64 bits at 1.3MHz TxCLK (49us)64 bits at 1.3MHz TxCLK (49us)
Preamble (7)Preamble (7) DelimiterDelimiter (1)(1) Ethernet PacketEthernet Packet
64 bits at 1.3MHz TxCLK with stretched clocks (114us)64 bits at 1.3MHz TxCLK with stretched clocks (114us)
Ethernet PacketEthernet PacketSyncSync Robust multiple access negotiationRobust multiple access negotiation
Physical operation at PHY (114us)Physical operation at PHY (114us)
Media Access Media Access Control (MAC)Control (MAC)
Home PNA PHYHome PNA PHY(1.0 PHY)(1.0 PHY)
HPNA 1.0 = Ethernet HPNA 1.0 = Ethernet PacketsPackets
PHY handles all phone PHY handles all phone line-specific interfacesline-specific interfaces
MAC and above remains unchangedMAC and above remains unchanged
No DSP or host CPU processing No DSP or host CPU processing overhead for PHY layeroverhead for PHY layer
HomePNA 1.0 Cost HomePNA 1.0 Cost ImplicationsImplications Data transferred on simple pulsesData transferred on simple pulses
Inefficient use of bandwidthInefficient use of bandwidth 1Mbit out of 4 MHz of bandwidth1Mbit out of 4 MHz of bandwidth
Very low costVery low cost No codecNo codec No DSPNo DSP
Low cost enables network participation Low cost enables network participation of non-computing devices of non-computing devices 1Mbit and 10 Mbit will coexist1Mbit and 10 Mbit will coexist
Deploying HomePNA 1.0Deploying HomePNA 1.0
PC OEMPC OEM North American consumer PC modelsNorth American consumer PC models
PCI option card added by PC OEMPCI option card added by PC OEM Configure-to-order (CTO) Configure-to-order (CTO)
at point of purchaseat point of purchase Catalog sales for NICsCatalog sales for NICs
RetailRetail HomePNA Network Interface CardsHomePNA Network Interface Cards
PCIPCI USBUSB
LANLAN
Alternative #1Alternative #1
North BridgeNorth BridgeMem, PCI, AGPMem, PCI, AGP
ModemModem
PCIPCI LANLAN
ModemModem++
audioaudio
AC-LinkAC-Link
Alternative #2Alternative #2
ChipsetChipsetMem, PCI, AGP, Mem, PCI, AGP, LPC, USB, IDE, LPC, USB, IDE, PCI, AMRPCI, AMR
PCIPCI
AudioAudio
PC System ArchitecturePC System Architecture
LANLAN
Alternative #1Alternative #1
North BridgeNorth BridgeMem, PCI, AGPMem, PCI, AGP
ModemModem
LANLAN
ModemModem++
audioaudio
Alternative #2Alternative #2
ChipsetChipsetMem, PCI, AGP, Mem, PCI, AGP, LPC, USB, IDE, LPC, USB, IDE, PCI, AMRPCI, AMR
AudioAudio
PC System Architecture PC System Architecture IssuesIssues
MultipleMultiplePCI loadsPCI loads
MultipleMultipleRJ-11 jacksRJ-11 jacks
MultipleMultipleRJ-11 jacksRJ-11 jacks
Single add-in card, single RJ-11 jackSingle add-in card, single RJ-11 jack
PC OEM RequirementsPC OEM Requirements
Cost-effective solutionCost-effective solution Present one RJ-11 jack to userPresent one RJ-11 jack to user Minimize PCI loadsMinimize PCI loads Allow easy homologationAllow easy homologation Provide clean system design Provide clean system design
(avoid cables)(avoid cables) Minimize support costsMinimize support costs
Integration of filters for modem functionIntegration of filters for modem function
Integrated ChipsetIntegrated Chipset
Meets all of PC OEM requirementsMeets all of PC OEM requirements CombinesCombines
V.90 modem (either software or host-controlled)V.90 modem (either software or host-controlled) Analog modem still required on all machines Analog modem still required on all machines
for FAX, multiplayer applications and for FAX, multiplayer applications and corporate RAS applicationscorporate RAS applications
Incremental cost of modem in combo Incremental cost of modem in combo solution reasonable solution reasonable
HomePNA 1.0, 10/100 EthernetHomePNA 1.0, 10/100 Ethernet Multi-function PCI DMA engine services both Multi-function PCI DMA engine services both
functions concurrentlyfunctions concurrently Single board integrates necessary filtersSingle board integrates necessary filters Saves $$$ over non-combo solutionsSaves $$$ over non-combo solutions
Alternative #1Alternative #1
North BridgeNorth BridgeMem, PCI, AGPMem, PCI, AGP
ModemModem++
LANLANPCIPCI
AudioAudio
AC-LinkAC-Link
Alternative #2Alternative #2
ChipsetChipsetMem, PCI, AGP, Mem, PCI, AGP, LPC, USB, IDE, LPC, USB, IDE, PCI,AMRPCI,AMR
PCIPCI
ModemModem++
LANLAN
AudioAudioAudio+Audio+modemmodem
andandLANLAN
AC-LinkAC-Link
Alternative #3Alternative #3
ChipsetChipsetMem, PCI, AGP, Mem, PCI, AGP, LPC, USB, IDE, LPC, USB, IDE, PCI,AMRPCI,AMR
USBUSB
PC System OptionsPC System Options
InternetInternetDSLAMDSLAM
RouterRouter VoiceVoice
Internet Connection Sharing PCInternet Connection Sharing PC Client PCClient PC
PhonePhone
PhonePhone
SplitterSplitter
SplitterSplitter
Home Phoneline WiringHome Phoneline Wiring
ADSL WiringADSL Wiring
PSTNPSTN
RJ11RJ11
RJ45RJ45V.90V.90HLANHLANDSLDSLAudioAudio
V.90V.90HLANHLANAudioAudio
DSL in near term is a separate DSL in near term is a separate circuit with a lower attach ratecircuit with a lower attach rate
ADSL As The Broadband Access ADSL As The Broadband Access PointPoint
RouterRouter Voice
V.90V.90HLANHLANG.LiteG.LiteAudioAudio
Long term a single RJ11 is the Long term a single RJ11 is the center of PC Comm’scenter of PC Comm’s
Justifies combination of Justifies combination of G.992.2, V.90 and HPNAG.992.2, V.90 and HPNA
InternetInternetDSLAMDSLAM
PSTNPSTNSplitterSplitter
RJ11RJ11
Internet Connection Sharing PCInternet Connection Sharing PC Client PCClient PCHome Phoneline WiringHome Phoneline Wiring
V.90V.90HLANHLANAudioAudio
PhonePhone
PhonePhone
G.992.2 As The Broadband Access G.992.2 As The Broadband Access PointPoint
North BridgeNorth BridgeMem, PCI, AGPMem, PCI, AGP
G992.2G992.2ModemModem
++LANLAN
PCIPCI
AudioAudio
AC-LinkAC-Link PCIPCI
G992.2G992.2ModemModem
++LANLAN
AudioAudio
G.992.2 IntegrationG.992.2 Integration
Alternative #1Alternative #1 Alternative #2Alternative #2
ChipsetChipsetMem, PCI, AGP, Mem, PCI, AGP, LPC, USB, IDE, LPC, USB, IDE, PCI,AMRPCI,AMR
HomePNA LAN (Private IP Network) 10.0.0.0HomePNA LAN (Private IP Network) 10.0.0.0
Home Network System DiagramHome Network System Diagram
HomeNet ClientHomeNet Client44 (10.0.0.5)(10.0.0.5)
InternetInternet
HomeNet “gateway”HomeNet “gateway”
PCPCPrivate network addressPrivate network address
(10.0.0.1)(10.0.0.1)++
Internet ConnectionInternet ConnectionISP assignedISP assigned
globally unique addressglobally unique address
HomeNet ClientHomeNet Client33 (10.0.0.4)(10.0.0.4)
HomeNet ClientHomeNet Client22 (10.0.0.3)(10.0.0.3)
HomeNet ClientHomeNet Client11 (10.0.0.2)(10.0.0.2)
Each clientEach client
Windows 95/Windows 98Windows 95/Windows 98
Auto-config (DHCP or Auto-Net)Auto-config (DHCP or Auto-Net)
Windows 95/98Windows 95/98NAT or ProxyNAT or ProxyDHCP or EquivalentDHCP or Equivalent
E.g., 206.168.145.1E.g., 206.168.145.1
Home Network System Home Network System Diagram With PCsDiagram With PCs
HomePNA LAN (Private IP Network) 10.0.0.0HomePNA LAN (Private IP Network) 10.0.0.0
HomeNet Set TopHomeNet Set TopClient 4Client 4
(10.0.0.5)(10.0.0.5)
Internet sharing deviceInternet sharing device
Internet Access and Distribution nodeInternet Access and Distribution nodePrivate network addressPrivate network address
(10.0.0.1)(10.0.0.1)++
Internet ConnectionInternet ConnectionISP assignedISP assigned
globally unique addressglobally unique address
Wireless ClientWireless Client11 (10.0.0.4)(10.0.0.4)
HomeNet Client PCHomeNet Client PC22 (10.0.0.3)(10.0.0.3)
HomeNet Client PCHomeNet Client PC11 (10.0.0.2)(10.0.0.2)
Each clientEach client
Auto-Auto-config (UPnP, DHCP or Auto-Net)config (UPnP, DHCP or Auto-Net)
Windows CE/Embedded RTOSWindows CE/Embedded RTOSNAT or ProxyNAT or ProxyDHCP or EquivalentDHCP or EquivalentUPnPUPnP
E.g., 206.168.145.1E.g., 206.168.145.1
POTS, 2 line POTS, DSL or cablePOTS, 2 line POTS, DSL or cable
Wireless RovingWireless RovingClient 2Client 2
(10.0.0.6)(10.0.0.6)
Internet Sharing - Enabling The Internet Sharing - Enabling The Digital Home For PC And AppliancesDigital Home For PC And Appliances
InternetInternet
SummarySummary A central point of Internet access is required with A central point of Internet access is required with
broadband Internet connectionsbroadband Internet connections Distributing that data must be done through a PC-based or Distributing that data must be done through a PC-based or
appliance-based Internet connection sharing deviceappliance-based Internet connection sharing device A central point is desired even with modem A central point is desired even with modem
only Internet connectiononly Internet connection Allows for multi-device access through one connectionAllows for multi-device access through one connection
Many broad-band access methods are availableMany broad-band access methods are available A genuine market for home networking exists A genuine market for home networking exists
in multi-PC homes for Internet distribution in multi-PC homes for Internet distribution and data sharingand data sharing
Open standards are in place for phone line-based Open standards are in place for phone line-based home networkinghome networking Success of networking relies on a single standard from the Success of networking relies on a single standard from the
outset - Any other successful medium must do the sameoutset - Any other successful medium must do the same Combining Internet access and home networking Combining Internet access and home networking
provides a low cost, user friendly solutionprovides a low cost, user friendly solution