Instructors: Frank Kreith Mike Hannigan

Friday, Wednesday, 9 – 10 amDLC 205 ECME 251a

FKreith@aol.com Hannigan@colorado.edu

Teaching Assistant:Jeanie Mar

Wednesday, 4 – 5 pm (ECME 215a)ECME 217 (a.k.a., the cave)

Mar@colorado.edu

Sustainable ≡

Energy ≡

Ability to do work

Meets the needs of the current users without compromising the ability of future users to meet their needs.

Sustainable Energy ≡

Meets the work needs of the current population without compromising the ability of generations to meet their work

Definitions

General Structure

Tuesday Thursday

Week 4, Electric Power

Reading quiz dueReading discussedExample problemHomework discussed

Homework discussed

Reading assigned(week 5)

Overview lectureHomework assigned

Tuesday Thursday

Week 3, Conservation

Reading quiz dueReading discussedExample problemHomework discussed

Homework discussed (week2)

Reading assigned

Overview lectureHomework assigned

Each week we will cover a new topic

Schedule

1. IntroductionKen Hammond

2. EconomicsFrank Kreith

3. ConservationMoncef Krarti

4. Electric powerMike Hannigan

5. Co-genFrank Kreith

6. NuclearJoel Selbin

7. AgricultureMike Hannigan

8. TransportationRon West

9. Biofuels/bioenergyJim McMillan

10. Wind powerSandy Butterfield

11. Solar, thermal domesticFrank Kreith

12. Solar, thermal powerRandy Gee

13. Solar, photovoltaicRoland Winston

14. Waste managementFrank Kreith

15. Hydrogen economyFrank Kreith

Grading

MCEN 4228Homework 65

%

Reading quiz 20 %

Carbon game 10 %

Professionalism 5 %

MCEN 5228Homework 50

%

Reading quiz 20 %

Carbon game 10 %

Professionalism 5 %

Mini-projects 15 %

1st Law of Thermodynamics:You can’t win.

2nd Law of Thermodynamics:You can’t break even.

Energy “Sources”Energy “Sources”

Solar•solar thermal•photovoltaic (PV)•wind•water•biomass

Nuclear Fossil Solar•coal•oil•natural gas (NG)

Energy CarriersEnergy Carriers

Electrical H2 NG LNG Fuels•oil•diesel•gasoline•EtOH

Coal

How do we extract work from these carriers?

Ken HammondProfessor of Pyschology

Shouldn’t facts dictate society’s behavior?

Today

Readinghomework

Thursdayin class

Videohomework

Next week

Supply of EnergySources

Demandfor Power

PopulationGrowth

Economics

EnvironmentalImpacts

Is our current Energy System sustainable?

Actual Behavior

Quadrillion = 1 x 1015

Barrel of oil = 42 gal = 5.8 x 106 BTU

4 x 107 barrels of volume

Yearly US energy consumption is the equivalent of

~2,500 Folsom Stadiums full of oil.

Energy Intensity

Carbon Trading Game

Goal: Make the most money

Players: Each of you is country

CH4 + 2O2 —› 2H2O + CO2

How do you make (or lose) money?

Buy or Sell ….Oil, Coal, Natural Gas, Uranium, Electricity,

Certified Energy Reductions (CERs)

Rules1. You must supply your citizens with enough energy

to meet their demands. If you don’t you will be fined (or overthrown).

2. You cannot sell a thing if you do not have it. In other words, if you don’t have coal reserves in your country, you can’t sell coal.

3. You must meet the carbon dioxide emissions reductions prescribed for your country. If you don’t you will be fined.

4. All transactions must be reasonable or the UN will not give their stamp of approval.

Generation of a CER

1. GNP – generation of carbon neutral power production

2. SNK – creation of new carbon sink.

3. EFF – improvement of efficiency of existing carbon-based power generation system

4. SEQ – tail-pipe controls

If you cannot meet your citizens’ power needs and the prescribed CO2 emissions reductions, then you will need to buy CERs from other countries.

You might find it cheaper to buy a CER than to reduce your CO2 emissions.

Timeline

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

1 5 8 11 13 15

Year

Week

Republic of Angola

Government: multi-party presidential regimeCurrent Leader: Jose Eduardo Dos Santos (1975) (Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola)Administrative divisions: 18 provincesIndependence: From Portugal in 1975Legal system: Based on Portuguese civil lawLand Use: Arable, 2.65% Permanent crops, 0.23%

Population Projections(in thousands)

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

9,000,000

10,000,000

1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060

World

Africa

Asia

Europe

Latin America

Angola (x10)

Energy Intensity decreases are correlated with

GDP per capita growth